Ndani samavomereza kuti maluwa adapeza mitima ya ambiri wamaluwa. Tsoka ilo, iwo amatulutsa kokha mu nyengo yotentha, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa nthawi ndi momwe mungadulire maluwa nthawi yachisanu. Zimatengera kukongola kwawo, komanso ngati adzaphukanso chaka chamawa.
Ndi chisangalalo chotani, okonda maluwa amawonera maluwa ataluwa. Kodi ndimitundu yosiyanasiyana bwanji ndimathunzi omwe amadzaza infield. Ndipo kununkhira kowoneka bwino kwambiri kwamitundu yosangalatsa kumadzetsa chikhutiro chenicheni. Ndipo zonsezi zimafuna ntchito yayikulu komanso khama.
Kudulira duwa - njira yayikulu yolima
Kuti musinkhesinkhe kwambiri maluwa oyenda bwino m'munda wanu, muyenera kudulira maluwa nthawi yozizira. Poyamba, zitha kuwoneka kuti nthambi zambiri, maluwa ambiri. Koma uku ndikungopeka chabe. Tchire loyang'aniridwa bwino limaphuka bwino.
Mitundu ya maluwa amatulutsa kamodzi kokha nthawi yonse yachilimwe. Chifukwa chake, nkhuni za chitsamba chamaluwa zimakhala ndi nthawi yoti zikhwime nyengo yachisanu isanayambe.
Dziwani kukana kwa duwa kuzizira, mtundu wa masamba ake umathandiza. Maluwa achikasu amatengedwa kuti ndi osalala komanso osalimba. Masamba oyera amalimbana ndi chisanu mpaka madigiri 10. Wofiyira kapena wapinki - pulumuka mu ozizira kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, funso limakhala kuti kudula maluwa mu kugwa, kuti kuvulaza mbewuyo. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi mu Novembala, tisanayambe tchire nthawi yachisanu. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe tsiku lowoneka bwino.
Njira yokhazikika ngati imeneyi imakupatsani mwayi wolimbitsa mbewu kuchokera mkati. Kudulira kumapangitsa mbewu kuti isasinthidwe ndi kuwala. M'nyengo yozizira, nthambi zodulidwa ndi masamba zimapatsidwa mpweya wokwanira. Zimakulitsanso chisanu kuthengo.
Kuchotsa nthambi zakale kumakhudza mapangidwe achinyamata mphukira ndi masamba atsopano. Pofika kutentha, adzaphuka ndi nyonga zatsopano kuti akondweretse mafani awo. Kudulira kwa maluwa omwe akuwonetsedwa mu vidiyoyi nthawi yozizira kumakuthandizani kuti muchite izi molondola, osavulaza chomeracho:
Kuchita kumawonetsera kuti kudulira sikuyenera kungokhala tchire osatha, komanso maluwa obzala. Njirayi imapereka kulimidwa kwa mitundu yayikulu ndi yowutsa mudyo ya maluwa.
Kuti mumvetse bwino nthawi komanso momwe mungadulire maluwa nthawi yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuganizira mfundo izi:
- Chotsani inflorescence yonse pachitsamba;
- sankhani masamba omwe analibe nthawi yakucha;
- dulani nthambi zosapsa;
- Chotsani mphukira zodwala.
Zinthuzi zikasiyidwa nthawi yachisanu, ndiye kuti zivunda m'khola. Zotsatira zake, chitsamba chimatha kupatsira bowa kapena matenda ena.
Kuteteza mbewu ku tizilombo tina tosavomerezeka, nthambi zodulidwa sizingasiyidwe pafupi ndi chitsamba. Ndikofunika kuwachotsa kapena kuwotcha.
Ndikofunikanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi njira ya potaziyamu permanganate. Izi ziteteza chitsamba ku matenda akunja.
Ndipo, chabwino, lingaliro lalikulu la kudulira maluwa mu kugwera kwa oyamba kusapyoza. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuchuluka kwa phokoso lakumasamba kuyenera kufanana ndi gawo la chitsamba. Kupanda kutero, dongosolo lalikulu la zakudya limavutika. Pambuyo pake, mbewuyo imatha kudwala kapena kufa.
Mfundo zazikulu za kudulira maluwa kwa dzinja
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa bwino amayesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti dimba la maluwa silitaya chithumwa chake komanso limakhala bwino. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungadulire maluwa ndi nthawi yozizira ndiye mfundo yayikulu yopangira munda wokongola.
Potengera kukula kwa chitsamba, maluwa osiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa mbewu, zosankha izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Mwachidule. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa amakula bwino. Kwa nthawi yozizira, siyani pansi pa tchire, komanso masamba awiri kapena atatu ogona.
- Wamphamvu Ndi njirayi, pafupifupi nthaka zonse za chitsamba zimadulidwa. Ndizoyenereranso kukhala ngati zitsamba za maluwa akuluakulu a tiyi, zazing'ono zazing'ono, komanso zokongola zina.
- Yapakatikati Kudulira moyenera kumaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zofooka kuti zithandizire kukula kwa achichepere. Nthawi yomweyo, mphukira zathanzi zimadulidwa pakati, ndipo nthambi zotalika masentimita 30 zimatsalira pansi.yenera kukhala ndi masamba 5 pa iwo.
- Kutalika. Amatchulanso njira yofatsa, motero ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe mungathere maluwa mu dzinja motere. Mfundo yayikulu ndikuchotsa nsonga zamphukira zokha. Pambuyo pa njirayi, pamakhala nthambi zazitali zokhala ndi masamba 10 pomwepo. Njira yodulira izi imapangitsa kuti ma maluwa ayambe kukhala.
Kuti muchepetse zida zanu zapamwamba, muyenera kukonzekera zida zoyenera. Kuti muteteze manja anu ku minga yokongola m'munda, magolovesi atali a Teflon ndi othandiza. Ngati muyenera kugwada pogwira ntchito ndi chitsamba, mutha kukonzekera masanjidwe apadera.
Zida zazikulu ndi kudulira ubweya ndi macheka. Kuti muthe kudulira bwino maluwa m'nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuti ndi lakuthwa. Kupanda kutero, kudula kosakhazikika kumachitika. Choyipa chachikulu, pamene ma pruner owoneka bwino akaphwanya nthambi. Zidutswa zomwe zimadulidwa zimachira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo chisanu chisanachitike izi ndizopanda ntchito.
Kudula kwa mpirawo kumachitika pafupi ndi impso, yomwe sikunaphukirepo, pamtunda wa theka la sentimita. Nthambi zowonda zimachotsedwa ndi sopo lakuthwa.
Kudulira kwa maluwa yozizira kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo awa:
- tsinde limadulidwa pakona kuti madzi amatuluka, kuti mbewuyo singadwale;
- kuti nthambi zisawoloke, kudula kumapangidwa pansi pa duwa lakunja, kuti chitsamba chilandire kuwala kokwanira ndi mpweya;
- gawo la tsinde limachitika pachimake cha mtundu woyera;
- nyengo yabwino - nyengo yadzuwa.
Choyamba, nthambi zouma, zodwala ndi zachikale, ziyenera kudulidwa. Kenako, chotsani mphukira zomwe zimayanjana nawo. Ndikofunika kuyang'ana pa masamba akunja a tsinde.
M'pofunika kusiya masamba osapitirira 5 pachomera chilichonse. Ngati mukufuna kupatsa chitsamba choyambilira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge nthambi zokongola komanso zogwirizana.
Mukafunsa funso: kodi ndikofunikira kudulira maluwa nthawi yachisanu, ingoyang'anani chitsamba ndi nthambi zosagwirizana. Kodi adzakhala okongoletsa mundawo popanda chisamaliro choyenera? Ndipo kudulira nyengo yachisanu ndi chiwonetsero chodera nkhawa mbewuyo.
Njira zodulira maluwa pamnyengo yachisanu
Olima ena amaganiza kuti kudula mitundu ya maluwa sikufunika kudulira. M'malo mwake, ngati simungachite izi, patapita zaka zochepa simungamupeze. Ndipo pogona poti isanayambike nyengo yozizira kumakhala kovuta. Chifukwa chake, ndikwanzeru kumvetsetsa momwe mungadulire maluwa oluka nthawi yachisanu.
Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuganizira mitundu yamitundu iyi. Amakhala amitundu iwiri: ukutulutsa kamodzi pachaka, panthambi zakale ndikuphukira kangapo pa achichepere.
Zoyimbira zimakhala za mtundu wina womwe ukufalikira. Nthawi yoyamba kuphukira patatha chaka chimodzi, mutabzala. Maluwa mobwerezabwereza sizichitika, ndiye kuti chaka chatha nthambi za dzinja zimadulira kwathunthu mpaka muzu. M'malo mwake, amakula mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zidzaphuke chaka chamawa.
Kuthambo maluwa, omwe amapereka inflorescence kangapo, amapanga nthambi za mita pafupifupi 5 ndi mphukira zam'mbali. Izi zikuphatikiza mitundu monga kliming ndi floribunda. Maluwa omwe adawonedwa kwa zaka 5, kenako adafowoka. Chifukwa chake, kudulira nyengo yachisanu kumachitika kumapeto kwa zaka 4 za maluwa. Mphukira zimachotsedwa pamzu, ndipo zatsopano zimamera m'malo mwake.
Kuti mupange maluwa okongola bwino a maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti azitula mphukira zowonjezera. Nthambi zazikulu zakale zimachotsedwa. Zomwe zimalepheretsa maluwa kutulutsa, kudula kwathunthu. Kuchokera panthambi za chaka chatha, okonzekera maluwa, nsonga zokha ndizodulidwa.
Mukamakonzera mbewu yanu nthawi yozizira, kudulira kumachitika mosamala. Kuchekekera zitsamba zokutidwa ndizovomerezeka. Kufupikitsanso makamaka mphukira zazitali.
Ngati nthambi zowuma zimawonedwa pazomera, zofooka kapena zowonongeka, zimayenera kuchotsedwa. Ndikwabwino kusiya masamba owuma nyengo yachisanu. Kudulira kumachitika ndi zida zakuthwa kuti zisawononge kukula kwa chitsamba.
Ngati njirayi yachitika mosasamala, kuphwanya mfundo zoyambirira, chomera chimatha kuvutika ndi chisanu champhamvu.
Chowona Chodalirika cha Mfumukazi ya Mundawo
Kuteteza maluwa ku kuzizira kumayambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kusiya kuyimitsa kaye khola la chitsamba.
Mukudzinja koyambirira, simungathe kumasula dothi lozungulira chomera kuti mphukira zatsopano zisawonekere. Izi ndizowona makamaka ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kupitirira madigiri 20.
Kudulira bwino maluwa kumathandiza kuteteza mbewu ku chisanu. Chofunikira chachikulu - kutalika kwa nthambi siziyenera kupitirira malo okhala. Zonenepa zonse zimachotsedwanso. Pambuyo pake, mu Novembala, tchire limagwiridwa ndi chitsulo chamkuwa kuti zithetse kulimba kwa maluwa kukhala chinyezi.
Asanathenso, zinyalala zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa munyengo zimachotsedwa pansi pa zomerazi. Kenako, nthaka imathiridwa pamizu, ndikupanga phiri lokwanira masentimita 20. Chifukwa cha izi, mpweya umagwidwa m'nthaka, womwe umateteza muzu kuti usazizidwe.
Ndikofunika kubisa kwathunthu tchire la dzinja osati nthawi yachisanu kuposa chisanu chokhazikika cha madigiri 6. Ngati njirayi yachitika kale, mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kukula, ndipo masamba ogona amadzuka.
Pobisalira maroza ndi bwino kuchita nyengo youma kuti iteteze mbewu ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Zachidziwikire, tchire la rose silitha kuthokoza chifukwa chokhazikika pobisalira nyengo yozizira. Koma m'chilimwe, adzakondweretsanso maluwa okongola komanso fungo labwino la mafani awo osalekeza.
