Metrosideros (Metrosideros) ndi mtundu wa mbewu zamaluwa. Zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi banja la myrtle (Myrtaceae). Mu mtundu uwu muli mitundu 3 ya subgenera ndi mitundu yoposa 50. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, izi zimapezeka ku New Zealand, Philippines, Australia, zilumba za Hawaii ndi Central America, komanso kumadera ena otentha komanso otentha. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu umodzi umatha kuwoneka ku South Africa.
Zambiri za subgenera:
- Mearnsia - amaphatikiza mitundu 25 ya zitsamba, mitengo ndi mipesa. Maluwa awo amatha kujambulidwa ndi pinki, lalanje (wachikasu), ofiira kapena oyera.
- Metrosideros - amaphatikiza mitundu 26 ya zitsamba ndi mitengo. Maluwa awo amakhala utoto wofiirira.
- Carpolepis - ili ndi mitundu itatu ya mitengo, yomwe ndi semi-epiphytes. Ali ndi maluwa achikasu.
Mumtundu uwu, mumakhala masamba okhazikika nthawi zonse. Masamba awo akutsutsana. Masamba akhungu, wandiweyani amakhala olimba ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe owumbika kapena lanceolate. Maluwa amatengedwa m'mapulogalamu apic inflorescence, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a mantha kapena ambulera. Ma perianths ang'onoang'ono sakhala osawoneka, ndipo ma pedicel amafupikitsidwa kwambiri. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zowunikira zawo ndizitali kwambiri (nthawi zina zimakhala zazitali kuposa masamba) ndikujambulidwa utoto wokhazikika, ndipo mipira yaying'ono yamtunduwu imakhala kumapeto kwawo. Zomera zikatulutsa, zimatha kuoneka ngati kuti zakutidwa ndi ma pomponi onyentchera.
Metrosideros Akusamalira Panyumba
Chomera sichofunika kwambiri chisamaliro, koma nthawi yomweyo, kuti chikule ndi kukhazikika bwino mchipinda, malamulo angapo ayenera kudziwika ndikutsatiridwa.
Kupepuka
Chomera chachikulu kwambiri. Usiku wonse, kuunikira kuyenera kukhala kowala kwambiri ndi kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa (osachepera 6000-7800 lux). Chomerachi chimatha kupirira pang'ono, ngakhale kuti chimayatsa, sichikhala motalika kwambiri. Mchipinda chake ayenera kuwunikira zenera lakumwera. Munthawi yofunda, tikulimbikitsidwa kusunthira mumsewu kapena khonde, posankha malo owoneka bwino kwambiri.
Njira yotentha
M'miyezi yotentha, kutentha kochepa kwamadigiri 20 mpaka 24 kukufunika. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira kumafunikira (kuchokera ku madigiri 8 mpaka 12).
Momwe mungamwere
Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kochuluka monga dothi lomwe limuphika mumphika. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi otetezedwa bwino, ofewa, momwe mulibe mandimu ndi chlorine. Kuchulukitsa ma metrosideros sikofunikira, chifukwa mizu yake imatha kuvunda mosavuta.
Ndi isanayambike nthawi yachisanu, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.
Chinyezi
Imafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse muzithirira masamba ndi sipinira. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zowonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Malo oyenera ayenera kukhala ochepa acid kapena osatenga mbali, olemeretsedwa ndi michere, madzi ndi mpweya mosavuta. Mutha kugula zosakaniza zopangidwa ndi dothi zomera maluwa. Kuti mupange kusakaniza koyenera ndi manja anu, muyenera kuphatikiza pepala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mchenga wowongoka kapena perlite, komanso peat m'chiyerekezo cha 1: 2: 1: 1.
Musaiwale kupanga donga labwino lokwanira, chifukwa, pogwiritsa ntchito miyala ngati miyala kapena dongo lokulitsa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Manyowa mbewuyo pakumera 2 kawiri pamwezi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wovuta wa maluwa. Kuyambira pakati pa nthawi yophukira mpaka pakati pa kasupe, feteleza sangathe kuthira nthaka.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Ngakhale mbewuyi ili yaying'ono, kufalikira kwake kumachitika nthawi imodzi pachaka. Ndi kukula kwa metrosideros, imayikidwa njirayi mochepera. Chifaniziro, chomwe chili chopatsa chidwi kukula, sichinasanjidwe konse, komabe, chimalimbikitsidwa kamodzi pachaka kuti chisinthe mawonekedwe apamwamba a gawo lapansi momwe limakuliramo.
Kudulira
Nthawi yamaluwa ikatha, mtengowo umafunikira kudulira kwamphamvu, komwe kumatha kulekerera. Zoyerekezera zazing'ono zimaloledwa kudula ndi kutsina chaka chonse, popita nthawi, mawonekedwe omwe amafunikira ayenera kukwaniritsidwa.
Njira zolerera
Pofalitsa, mbewu zonse ndi zodula pang'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma ntchitoyi ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo ingathe kulephera.
Kwa odulidwa, mphukira za apical zomwe zikukula pano zimadulidwa. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi ma infode atatu. Pozika mizu, vermiculite imagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso nyumba yowonjezera kutentha, yomwe iyenera kutenthetsedwa. Asanabzale, kudula kudula kuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi phytohormones. Chomera chimaphuka patatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Kaŵirikaŵiri samakula chifukwa cha nthangala, chifukwa patapita nthawi yochepa kwambiri amalephera kumera. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zogulidwa m'sitolo sizimera.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Chiseche kapena kangaude amatha kukhazikika. Pambuyo pozindikira tizirombo, shawa yofunda (pafupifupi madigiri 45) iyenera kukonzedwa chomera. Kudzikundikira kwa alonda kumayenera kuchotsedwa ndi ubweya wa thonje wothira mafuta. Kenako imayang'aniridwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito Fitoverm, Actellik kapena mankhwala ena ofanananso.
Matenda ofala kwambiri ndi kuwola kwa mizu. Kuchulukana kapena kuthilira kwamadzi gawo lapansi kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zotere. Komanso ngati sipangakhale kuwala kokwanira, mbewuyo ili kuzizira kapena chinyezi m'chipindacho ndichotsika kwambiri, imatha kutaya masamba onse, masamba ndi maluwa.
Ndemanga kanema
Mitundu yayikulu
Metrosideros carmine (Metrosideros carmineus)
Ndi ya subgenus Mearnsia, ndipo choyambirira ndi chomera chochokera ku New Zealand. Liana ili nthawi zonse limakhala lalitali mikono 15. Ali ndi mizu yopyapyala ya mlengalenga. Zoyambira zazing'ono zimakutidwa ndi kutumphuka kowoneka bwino kwambiri, komwe kumayamba kumada. Masamba ang'onoang'ono okongoletsedwa amapaka utoto wakuda. Ndiwopanda mawonekedwe ndikuwombera kumapeto. Maluwa carmine (rasipiberi).
Phiri la Metrosideros (Metrosideros kolina)
Ndi za subgenus Metrosideros. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, izi zimapezeka pazilumba za Pacific Ocean kuchokera ku French Polynesia kupita ku Vanuatu. Ichi ndi chitsamba chokulirapo (pafupifupi 7 mita) kapena mtengo wochepa. Timapepala totsalira timaloledwa kumapeto. Mbali yawo yakutsogolo ndi utoto wakuda ndipo imakhala yotuwa, ndipo mbali yolakwika imamveka. Maluwa ali penti ofiira.
Mwanjira iyi, pali mitundu iwiri yomwe imadziwika kwambiri:
- "Tahiti" ndi mtengo wamtali womwe umafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 100;
- "Tahiti dzuwa" limasinthasintha mitundu yakale, ndipo masamba ake ali ndi mtundu wa motley.
Kufalitsa metrosideros (Metrosideros diffusa)
Chuma cha subgenus Mearnsia. Kwawo ndi New Zealand. Mpesa uwu ndi mphukira wautali (mpaka mita 6). Masamba ang'onoang'ono m'litali amafika masentimita awiri okha. Masamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owongoka motalika kofanana ndi ovoid. Mbali yakutsogolo yabwino imakhala yobiriwira, ndipo mbali yolakwika ndi matte. Maluwa ndi opepuka pinki kapena oyera.
Felt metrosideros (Metrosideros excelsa)
Kapena, momwe amatchulidwanso, pohutukava - amatanthauza subgenus Metrosideros. Kwawo ndi New Zealand. Uwu ndi wamtali (mpaka 25 mita kutalika) ndi mtengo wophukira kwambiri. Pa nthambi ndi thunthu la mbewu iyi, mumatha kuwona mlengalenga komanso mizu yayitali kwambiri. Masamba a chikopa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owumbika. Kutalika kwake kumafikira masentimita 5 mpaka 10, ndipo m'lifupi - kuchokera 2 mpaka 5 cm. Mbali yolakwika yamasamba imakutidwa ndi tsitsi loyera, lomwe limafanana kwambiri. Zosanjikiza zomwezo zili pa masamba. Maluwa ndi ofiira ofiira. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa apinki kapena achikasu.
Sprosling Metrosideros (Metrosideros fulgens)
Chuma cha subgenus Mearnsia. Chomera ichi chimachokera ku New Zealand. Liana wolumikizika uyu ndi nthambi komanso yamphamvu kwambiri. Kutalika, kumatha kutalika pafupifupi 10, ndipo thunthu mulifupi mwake ndi mainchesi 10. Masamba osalala, amtundu wobiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Maluwa ali penti ofiira.
Metrosideros opercrate (Metrosideros operculata)
Chuma cha subgenus Mearnsia. Koyambirira kuchokera ku New Caledonia. Ichi ndi chitsamba chaching'ono, chomwe chitha kutalika pafupifupi 3 mita. Zopindika zimakhala ndi mtanda pamtundu wa mraba, ndipo pamaso pawo pali tsitsi lanthunzi. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe amizeremizere. Kutalika kumafika masentimita 4, ndipo m'lifupi - 1 sentimita. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zitsanzo zokhala ndi maluwa oyera, komanso palinso zofiira kapena zapinki.
Metrosideros sclerocarpa (Metrosideros sclerocarpa)
Ndi za subgenus Metrosideros. Kwawo ndi ku Australia. Umu ndi mtengo wofanana, womwe umatha kutalika mpaka 10 metres. Masamba achikopa, obiriwira ali ndi mawonekedwe amodzi kapena ovoid. Kutalika, amatha kufikira kuchokera 3 mpaka 6,5 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi - pafupifupi 3 cm. Maluwa ali penti ofiira.
Maambulera metrosideros (Metrosideros umbellata)
Ndi za subgenus Metrosideros. Kwawo ndi New Zealand. Uwu ndi mtengo yaying'ono kutalika kukafika pafupifupi 10 mita. Masamba obiriwira ali ndi mawonekedwe owongoka. Kutalika, amatha kuchokera 3 mpaka 6 cm.
Mtunduwu ndiwosatsika kwambiri kuposa onse. Ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa ndipo ali ndi mitundu yambiri ndi ma hybrids.
Metrosideros polymorph (Metrosideros polymorpha)
Ndi za subgenus Metrosideros. Kwawoko ndi Zilumba za Hawaii. Nthawi zambiri, mtengowu ndi mtengo wokhala ndi nthambi zambiri komanso wamtali, komanso umapezeka mu mtengo. Masamba ali ndi utoto kuchokera ku mtundu wobiriwira mpaka imvi. Mawonekedwe awo ndi obovate. Kutalika kwake kumafikira masentimita 1 mpaka 8, ndipo m'lifupi - kuchokera 1 mpaka 5.5 cm. Nthawi zambiri, toyesa wokhala ndi maluwa ofiira amapezeka, koma mtundu wake ndi pinki, lalanje-lalanje kapena nsomba.
