Kubzala maluwa a Brugmansia ndikusamalira Kukula kwa mbewu kunyumba Mitundu ya zithunzi

Brugmansia kunyumba ndi chithunzi cha chisamaliro chakunja

Kufotokozera kwa Brugmansia

Brugmansia (lat. Brugmansia) - mbewu ya mtundu wa Solanaceae. Ndi yotalikirana ndi mtundu Datura (dope), maluwa aku Brugmansia ali ofanana ndi maluwa amtunduwu. Genus Brugmansia ili ndi mitundu 6 yokha ya mitengo yaying'ono ndi zitsamba zobiriwira zomwe zimapezeka kum'mwera kwa South America. Dzinali limaperekedwa kwa mbewuyi polemekeza a Dutch wa botanist Sebald Brugmans. Nthawi zina Brugmansia imatchedwa angelo malipenga. Mtengowo ndiwotentha, kukula mu nyengo zathupi kumakhala kovuta, koma izi zimavomerezedwa ndi maluwa okongola omwe ali ndi fungo labwino.

Brugmansia yokhala ngati mitengo imatha kutalika mamita 5. Mwasankha, sankhani mitundu ina yaying'ono: Cordata Red, Culebra. Brugmansia imakhala ndi masamba akulu pafupifupi theka la mita, ali m'mphepete, mozungulira, m'mphepete mwa wavy, mitsempha imatchulidwa momveka bwino. Masamba amakula mumaluwa awiri: yoyambira yoyamba imayimiriridwa ndi masamba ataliitali, mbali yachiwiri - masamba ang'onoang'ono, m'mphepete. Maluwa ndi akulu, kutalika kwawo ndi 50 cm, mainchesi - 20 cm. Maonekedwe a duwa ndi tubular. Amatha kukhala opanda, terry, pali mitundu yokutidwa ndi maluwa osanja awiri. Mtunduwu ndi osiyanasiyana: chikasu, zobiriwira, pinki, pichesi, lalanje, ofiira, kirimu, kuphatikiza mitundu 2-3 ndizotheka (mtundu wa gradient), ngakhale pamtengo umodzi maluwa amatha kusiyanasiyana. Maluwa amakhala akuwonekera: machubu amaterera.

M'malo otentha, Brugmansia nthawi zambiri imamera m'matumba: M'chilimwe amachiyika m'mundamo, ndipo nthawi yozizira amasinthira kuchipinda.

Zimayambira, masamba ndi maluwa achomera ali ndi zinthu zapoizoni, mukatha kulumikizana ndi mbewu, onetsetsani kuti mwasamba m'manja ndi sopo.

Kukula mbande za Brugmansia kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba

Brugmansia kwa mbewu chithunzi mbewu ndi mbande

M'matumba athu, kufesa mbewu panthaka sikumachitika. Bzalani mbeu mbande kuyambira Januware mpaka Marichi. Kumbukirani kuti mbewu za Brugmansia zomwe zimamera pambewu zimataya zosiyana. Tengani mbale ndi dothi lopepuka, tsekani mbewuzo ndikuya kuya kwa 0,5-1 masentimita, ndikuthira mbewu paziphuphu zabwino ndikuphimba ndi filimu kapena galasi lowonekera. Ikani malo owala, kupewa dzuwa. Sungani kutentha kwa 20-25º C. Kuthamanga kwa mbande kumatengera mbeuyo zatsopano: zimatha kuwononga pa 10 kapena ngakhale pa tsiku la 50.

Ndikubwera kwa mphukira, pogona pamafunika kuchotsedwa. Utsi tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi ofunda kawiri pa tsiku, koma osalola chinyezi chambiri. Masamba asanu akawonekera pa mbande, amayenera kuziika zina m'magulu awiri (kapu ya pulasitiki kapena peat ndiyabwino).

Mmera wa Brugmansia wokonzeka kubzala masiku 58

Mizu yomera ikakula bwino (imakwirira dothi), ikhoza kubzalidwa m'chiwiya chokhazikika. Dothi ndilofunikira chonde, chopepuka. Zosakaniza zotsatirazi ndizoyenera: gawo limodzi la loam, kompositi kapena humus ndi kuwonjezera kwa magawo awiri a peat, sakanizani bwino, tsanulirani dothi ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (pinki). Pansi pa chidebe, ikani dongo lomata la dothi lotukulidwa.

Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira, kubzala mbewu potseguka sizikumveka.

Kufalikira kwa Brugmansia podulidwa

Momwe mungadulire chithunzi cha brugmansia

Kuchokera mphukira zapachaka, kudula apulo odulidwa 15-25 masentimita - amayambira bwino. Chitani izi kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Masamba otsika ayenera kuchotsedwa. Mizu yamadzi mutatha kusungunula piritsi ya activated kaboni mukati mwake. Mutha kupirira tsiku loyamba muzu wazovuta, kenako ndikuyika madzi oyera.

Mizu yodulidwa ya Brugmansia m'madzi chithunzi

Mutha kubzala zodula m'malo ochepa michere. Phimbani ndi kapu kuchokera m'botolo la pulasitiki kuchokera pamwamba, nthawi ndi nthawi utsiwirira masamba kuti asafooke. Mizu yake imawonekera pakatha milungu ingapo. Akafika kutalika kwa masentimita 5, aziwasakaniza m'miphika ingapo. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kuyenera kukhala magawo awiri a peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga ndi perlite. Zidula zimazikika kwathunthu patadutsa masabata awiri ndi atatu ndikuziika mu nthaka.

Zidutswa za Brugmansia, okonzeka kubzala mu chithunzi chosatha cha mphika

Momwe mungasamalire brugmansia m'munda

Amakhulupilira kuti Brugmansia ndiyopindulitsa kwambiri pakuchoka, koma ndikwanira kukwaniritsa zofunika zina zomwe ngakhale oyambitsa wamaluwa angachite.

Mukadzala mu nthaka komanso kusankha malo

Mutha kusunthira Brugmansia mumsewu mukatentha kwambiri ndipo usiku kumakhala kochepa + 10 ° С. Ikani mphika ndi chomera m'mundamo pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa ndi shading masana. Pewani zolemba. Mutha kubzala Brugmansia mu nthaka yophukira-nthawi yachilimwe, ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwausiku mpaka 5-7 ° C, ndikubwezeretsani mu mphika ndikubweretsa kuchipinda.

Kuthirira

Madzi pamoto tsiku lililonse, nthawi zina amapopera mankhwalawa. Ngati nyengo ili yotentha komanso yonyowa, thirirani madzi dothi likauma.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Chomera chachikulu chimafuna michere yokwanira. Ma feteleza ovuta a mchere ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 10 aliwonse. Pa maluwa, yang'anani kwambiri phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Kudulira

Pasanathe pakati pa March, Brugmansia idakonzedwa. Chotsani nthambi zazikulu ndi zowonongeka, chepetsa zina pang'ono, ndikupanga mawonekedwe abwino. Chonde dziwani kuti mphukira zooneka ngati Y sizingadulidwe mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa ndikuchokera kwa iwo pomwe mapesi a maluwa amawonekera.

Spider mite pa Brugmansia ndi tizirombo tina

Nthawi yachisanu, Brugmansia nthawi zina imagwidwa ndi akangaude - kukhalapo kwa kangaude woyera patsambalala kwa tsamba ndikuwumitsa masamba kudzathandiza kuzizindikira. M'mundamo, lazgs, nkhono, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kudya masamba ndi maluwa. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi masamba ophuka ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba. Kuyambira tizirombo, kuchiza ndi fungicides kumathandiza. Supugi ndi nkhono ziyeneranso kuchotsedwa pamakina.

Ngati masamba a Brugmansia atembenuka chikasu

Masamba a Brugmansia amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa

Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha chisamaliro chosayenera kapena matenda, zifukwa zingapo:

Kuperewera kwa michere m'nthaka, makamaka nayitrogeni. Mavalidwe apamwamba achangu amafunikira.
Nthaka youma chifukwa chothirira pafupipafupi, kuti mizu silandira chinyontho kapena zakudya. Pofunika kumuika ndi dothi.
Kutsirira osakwanira ndi chinyezi, muyenera kumwaza mankhwalawa pafupipafupi komanso kuthilira madzi pafupipafupi.
Kuwonongeka kwa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi kuthilira kwamadzi munthaka (ngati chomera chidasefukira ndipo palibe madziwo, madziwo adasungunuka). Komanso, masamba samangotembenukira chikasu, komanso azipindika. M'pofunika ndikudzutsa mbewuyo kuti ikhale dothi loyera, musanachotse matenda m'mimba mumphika, onetsetsani kuti mukuyala ngalande, kudula mizu yowola. Pambuyo kumuika, kuthirira ndi yankho la phytosporin kuti mugonjetse matendawa. Masamba onse achikasu amachotsedwa ndikuwonongeka. Pambuyo masiku 10, amamwetsedwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu humate, zomwe zimathandizanso kuthana ndi nkhawa. Kuchiza ndi fungicide kumapitilizidwa, ndikotheka ndi phytosporin yomweyo, ndi pafupipafupi 1 nthawi m'masiku 10.

Brugmansia kunyumba nyengo yozizira

Kusamalira Brugmansia nthawi yachisanu kulinso kovuta. Ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa usiku kwa 5-7º C, Brugmansia iyenera kusamutsidwa kuchipinda. M'malo mchipinda, Brugmansia imatha kusangalatsa maluwa mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka kapena kupitirira. Nthawi zina maluwa amatha kusiya ndipo matalala simachitika.

Pali njira ziwiri zosankhira nthawi yachisanu (kutentha ndi kuzizira):

Ikani brugmansia mu chipinda chotentha pafupi ndi zenera. Sungani boma la chilimwe la kuthirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuphatikiza umuna. Ndikofunikira kupereka zowonjezera zowunikira. Poterepa, Brugmansia idzaphuka chimodzimodzi ndi m'munda.
Ikani brugmansia pamalo ozizira (kutentha kwa 5-8º C), malo owuma. Madzi osowa, kuti dothi louma lisamere. Musadabwe ngati chomera chikataya masamba ake - pakutha nyengo yachisanu zipatso zidzaphuka. Kenako mbewuyo imasunthidwa kupita ku kuwala.

M'nthawi yozizira, samalani mfundo iyi: kukwera kutentha, kumawalitsa kwambiri chomera.

Mitundu ya Brugmansia yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Brugmansia golide Brugmansia aurea

Chithunzi cha Golden Brugmansia Brugmansia aurea

Imafika kutalika pafupifupi mamita 6. Masamba ndi ofewa, pubescent. Mtundu wa corolla uli ndi mithunzi yonse yachikasu.

Brugmansia onunkhira Brugmansia suaveolens

Chithunzi cha Brugmansia onunkhira wa Brugmansia suaveolens chithunzi

Imakhala ndi mitengo yolimba kwambiri, nthambi zolimba. Masamba ali ndi utoto wofiirira, ndipo maluwa otseguka amapaka utoto woyera ndi misempha yobiriwira.

Brugmansia-oyera Brugmansia candida

Chithunzi cha Brugmansia-white Brugmansia candida chithunzi

Mtengo wopindika ndi mphukira zokulira pang'ono. Masamba amakhala owongoka bwino, amakongoletsa kukhudza. Mtundu wa corolla ndi loyera, pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa a apricot, chikasu cha mtundu wachikasu.

Brugmansia wamagazi Brugmansia sanguinea

Chithunzi cha Brugmansia wamagazi wa Brugmansia sanguinea chithunzi

Mtengo mpaka mamita 12. Mitundu yolephera kuzizira kwambiri, koma imafunikirabe nthawi yozizira m'nyumba. Utoto wa malalawo ndi lalanje, mitsempha ndi yachikasu, ndipo malire owala owopsa amayenda m'mphepete mwa corolla.