Trachicarpus (Trachycarpus) - mtundu wa mbewu wa banja la Palmae kapena Arecaceae (Palm). Mitundu imaphatikizapo, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku mitundu 6 mpaka 9. Malo obadwira a trachicarpus amadziwika kuti ndi East Asia. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, kanjedza ka trachicarpus limapezeka kwambiri ku China, Japan, Himalayas, Burma.
Amalimidwa pafupifupi ponse ponse mkati komanso mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha, komanso malo otseguka m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Trachicarpus ndiye mitengo yazipatso kwambiri yomwe imamera pagombe la Black Sea ku Crimea ndi Caucasus. Kutchuka kotereku kumachitika chifukwa chakuti trachicarpus ndi kanjedza lokhalo lomwe lingalolere kutsika kwa kutentha mpaka madigiri 10 pansi pa ziro.
Zambiri
Mtundu wamtunduwu wa kanjedza wamtunduwu umakhala ndi thunthu lowongoka, lomwe mwachilengedwe limatha kutalika kuyambira 12 mpaka 20 metres, kunyumba, kutalika kwa kanjedza sikupitilira 2.5 metres. Thunthu lake limakutidwa ndi ulusi wouma, masamba otsalira kuchokera masamba akufa. Masamba amakhala ndi ndandanda yozungulira yozungulira ndikufika mainchesi 60 cm.
Tsamba la masamba amagawika magawo pafupifupi mpaka pansi, komabe, mumtundu wina - theka lokha la pepalalo. Kumasamba kwa masamba kumakhala kupendekera mopepuka. Masamba amalumikizidwa ndi petioles zazitali, zomwe zitha kuphimbidwa ndi minga.
Palm trachicarpus imakula pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzisunga muzipinda zanyumba ndi nyumba zapanja, chifukwa mpaka kanjedza imafika kutalika kwambiri, imatha kutenga zaka zoposa 10-15.
Zabwino koposa zonse, zachidziwikire, mbewu zokongola izi zimamverera muzipinda zokhala ndi malo ambiri omasuka - nyumba zobiriwira, malo osungirako, nyumba zantchito ndi nyumba zazikulu. Musanapeze kanjedza la trachicarpus, monga mbewu ina iliyonse, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino malamulo a momwe amasamalirira ndikusamalira.
Mwachitsanzo, kanjedza la Liviston, malingana ndi malamulo oyang'anira ndi kusamalira pakhomo, omwe angapezeke pano, ndi opepuka pang'ono kuposa kanjedza ka trachicarpus.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Palm trachicarpus
Zomera zimakonda kuwala kosasinthika, zimatha kumera pang'ono komanso mthunzi. Dzuwa lowongoka, makamaka kutentha kwambiri, limasokoneza mbewu. Mukakulitsa trachicarpus kunyumba, ndibwino kuyiyika pamalo kapena pagome pafupi ndi zenera. Kuti musunge mawonekedwe a kanjedza, muyenera kutembenuza makilogalamu 180 mozungulira nkhomaliro kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Palm trachicarpus sikufuna kwambiri kutentha. M'chilimwe, mtengo wa kanjedza umakhala wabwino kwambiri kutentha kwa madigiri 18 mpaka 25 Celsius. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchita chokwanira mpweya wabwino m'chipindacho, kuteteza mbewu ku kusala bwino. Mtengo wa kanjedza umayankha bwino kuti upite nawo kumweya watsopano nyengo yotentha.
Kwa trachicarpus wamkulu m'nyumba, kutentha kochepa kwakanthawi kochepa kungakhale madigiri 0. Zomera zobzalidwa kuti zikule mumsewu zimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -100 ° C, koma pokhapokha thunthu litapangidwa bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, kutsika pang'ono kwa kutentha kumafunikira m'chipinda chomwe amakhala trachicarpus, mpaka kutentha kwa madigiri 16.
Kuthirira kanjedza trachicarpus
Kutsirira kumafunika moyenera, chomera cha trachicarpus chosagwira chilala komanso kuthirira kwambiri kungapangitse kuzungulira kwa mizu. Pakati kuthirira, mpira wapamwamba wapansi uyenera kupukuta pang'ono. Madziwo amakhala osakhazikika, osakhala ndi chlorine, mvula ndiyabwino.
M'chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsuka masamba a kanjedza ndi madzi ofunda pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse, ndipo nthawi yozizira mutha kupukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa pang'ono. Mutha kukhazikitsanso madzi osamba mchaka cha chirimwe ndi nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe potoyo imakutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki kuti mupewe madzi ndi madzi padziko lapansi.
Kumwaza mbewuyo sikofunikira, ndipo nthawi yozizira sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzichita konse, chifukwa pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa matenda obwera chifukwa cha chomera.
Palm trachicarpus amakonda mpweya wonyowa. Kuti muwone chinyezi chokwanira, mutha kuyika chidebe chodzadza ndi madzi pafupi ndi mphalawo ndi kanjedza.
Feteleza m'manja trachicarpus ndiyofunika
Pazovala zapamwamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza yemwe amangotuluka pang'onopang'ono, omwe amakagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pachaka.
Ma feteleza osungunuka a mineral kapena organic feteleza angagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Potere, ziyenera kuchepetsedwa mu ndende nthawi 2 poyerekeza ndi malangizo ndikumeza masabata awiri aliwonse kuyambira mu Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
Komanso, kuvala kwapamwamba pamtengo wapamwamba ndi ma microelements kumachitika mwezi uliwonse.
Thirakiti waku Transachicarpus
Mtengo wa trachicarpus, monga mitengo yonse ya kanjedza, sufuna kusinthidwa kwambiri, chifukwa chake umachitika pokhapokha pakufunika. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pomwe mizu ya kanjedza singalinso mumphika. Kwa mbewu zazing'ono, kuziika ndikofunikira chaka chilichonse, ndipo kwa akulu, osaposa kamodzi pachaka chilichonse.
Mukazula, simungachotse nthaka kuchokera kumizu, chomera chija chimadzalidwa mumphika watsopano limodzi ndi mtanda winawake. Nthawi yomweyo, sizingatheke kuzama trachicarpus - mulingo wa dothi mumphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi wakale. Ndikofunikanso kusankha kukula kwa mphika pachomera, simungabzale kanjedza kakang'ono mumphika waukulu.
Dothi lodzala chomera liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndikunyowa mwachangu ndi madzi, koma nthawi yomweyo, liyenera kutulutsidwanso mwachangu kuchokera kuzowonjezera zake. Osakaniza moyenera gawo limodzi ndi omwe madzi othiridwa amayenda mu masekondi angapo kudzera mu dzenje. Ngati zimatenga mphindi zingapo kuti madzi awa, ndiye kuti trachicarpus sangathe kukula m'nthaka. Acidity ya nthaka yoyenera ili mu mitundu ya pH kuyambira 5.6 mpaka 7.5.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi la masamba a kanjedza kubzala trachicarpuses, kapena mutha kuphika nokha. Pali zosankha zingapo pazinthu zake:
- Dziko la Sodomu - gawo limodzi, kompositi - gawo limodzi, humus - 1 gawo, mchenga kapena malo amchenga - gawo limodzi.
- Dziko la Sodomu - magawo awiri, peat yonyowa - magawo awiri, mchenga kapena mchenga wowuma - gawo limodzi, pepalalo - 2 magawo.
- Pumice kapena slag - gawo limodzi, makungwa a paini okhala ndi kachigawo 20 mm kapena kuposerapo - gawo limodzi, miyala ya dolomite kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali yokhala ndi kachigawo 12 mm - gawo limodzi, peat yoyipa - 1 mbali, perlite - 1 gawo, makala ndi magawo 10 mm kapena kuposerapo - 1 gawo, chakudya chamafupa - 0,5 gawo.
Musanagwiritse ntchito, samizani mchere wosakaniza. Drainage amayikidwa pansi.
Palm trachicarpus yofalitsidwa ndi njere kapena njira za nthambi
Kubzala mbewu ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yayitali, yosiyana kwambiri ndi kufesa mbewu zina. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti popita nthawi, mbewu za trachycarpus zimalephera kutulutsa mphamvu. Mbewu zomwe zikupitilira chaka chimodzi sizimaphukira konse, chifukwa chake pogula mbewu za trachicarpus, muyenera kulabadira tsiku lonyamula.
Njira yodalirika ndikusiyanitsa njirazi. Chingwe chilichonse pakadutsa nthawi yayitali. Chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe kake ndi chinyezi chokwanira mchipindacho; pamene trachicarpus amasungidwa mu chipinda chowuma, ana sanapangidwe.
Pofalitsa, njira zomwe zimakhala ndi mainchesi oposa 7 masentimita ndizoyenera. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi chimtengo chachikulu pamalo opendekera ndi mpeni wakuthwa, wopanda ukhondo, kusamala kuti asawononge chomera. Masamba omwe amachotsedwako amasulidwa kwathunthu. Pa chomera cha mayi, malo omwe adulidwawo amakhala owuma kwa masiku awiri.
Gawo lakumapeto la mankhwalawa limathandizidwa ndi fungicide komanso chowonjezera muzu. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi mchenga wowuma kapena coarse perlite. Momwe mungathere kuzika mizu bwino ndi:
- Kusunga kutentha pamwamba madigiri 27.
- Zomwe zili mumtsuko ndi zodulidwa mwakachetechete.
- Kukonza chinyezi nthawi zonse.
Kukula kwa mphukira kumachitika m'miyezi 6, ndipo nthawi zina izi zimatha chaka chathunthu. Pambuyo pozika bwino, mtengo wa kanjedza wang'ono umabzalidwe munthaka, ngati mbewu zachikulire.
Palm trachicarpus imafunikira chisamaliro kuti ikhale yokongoletsa
Kuchotsa fumbi ndi madontho amadzi pamtunda wa trachicarpus, gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yotchinga yothambalala ndi 5% oxalic acid solution. Zitatha izi, chomeracho chimafunikira shawa wofunda, ndipo masamba amapukuta ndi chifanizo chowuma.
Palibe chifukwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kutsuka ndi kupukuta masamba.
Masamba a Trachicarpus amafunika kuti azikonzedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti akhale okongoletsa. Pankhaniyi, masamba omwe adafa, omwe adasweka ndikuwongoleredwa amasulidwa kaye. Palibe masamba angachotsedwe pachaka kuposa chomera chomwe chingathe kukonzanso.
Simungachotse masamba omwe apeza mtundu wachikasu kapena mtundu wa bulauni, chifukwa mtengowo umalandira zakudya kuchokera pamasamba.
Ngati kufalikira kwa trachicarpus ndi mphukira sikunakonzekere, ndiye kuti ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala akawonekera, mosamala kuti asawononge tsinde la mbewu.
Tizilombo ta Trachicarpus
Trachicarpus ilinso ndi tizirombo tambiri tambiri. Pakati pawo pali zazikulu: tizilombo tambiri, nsabwe za m'masamba, kuponderezana, mealybug. Zomera zobzalidwa kuchokera ku mbewu kapena zogulidwa m'masitolo sizimagwiritsa ntchito tizirombo.
Wofalikira ndi "wathunthu" nthawi zambiri mbewu zomwe zimamera podzizikula zokha ndikuzikumba ndi nthaka, pomwe tizirombo timakhala nthawi yoyamba.
