Liti komanso momwe mungadyetsere zakudya zamkati?

Gawo laling'ono la mbewu zamkati limawapatsa zinthu zonse zofunika munthawi yochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha dothi lochepa, miyezi ingapo mutabzala, malo opangika ma micro- ndi ma microelements ofunikira kuti mbewu athere, ziweto zimayamba kudalira zinthu zomwe zimabwezeretsa phindu la dothi. Kuvala kwapamwamba sikofunikira kwambiri komanso chofunikira posamalira mbewu. Monga kuthirira, ndizothandiza pokhapokha ngati zikuchitika molondola komanso munthawi yake.

Kodi kudyetsa m'nyumba zomera ndi

Kusankha koyenera kwa gawo lapansi ndikofunikira pokhapokha pakuwona momwe mungapangire mpweya wabwino komanso madzi olowera kuti muchotse mizu, komanso njira yabwino yonyowetsera chinyezi ndi michere m'nthaka. Koma ngakhale zabwino kwambiri, zapamwamba kwambiri, zosankhidwa mosamala, poganizira mawonekedwe amunthu aliyense, gawo lapansi lanyumba zam'madzi ngati gwero lamadzi limagwira ntchito masabata oyamba, komanso kwa mbewu zomwe zimakonda nthaka yosowa, miyezi ingapo mutabzala. Mosiyana ndi chilengedwe, michere yopezeka m'dothi loumbika silimapanganso mphamvu chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe. Ndipo ngakhale kupezapo ambiri kumatha msanga.

Zomera zanyumba zamkati zimapangidwa kuti zizikhala ndi chakudya chambiri, kuti zithetsere kuchuluka kwa gawo komanso kupezeka kwa chomera kuzinthu zonse zomwe zimafunikira. Chifukwa chake, funso loti pakufunika kuvala zam'nyumba zam'madzi ndizosavuta: kuvala kumachitika pomwe gawo lapansi silingapatsenso mbewu zonse zazikulu ndi zazikulu. Ngati mbewu zikuwonjezeredwa pachaka, ndiye kuti kuthilira feteleza kwaiwo kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi zosowa zina: kuyambira chaka chamawa, chomera chopezeka muzakudya chimangodalira pulogalamu yake yosamalira.

Nthawi zambiri chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamavalidwe ndi kusankha kwa feteleza okha. Ma feteleza apadera azomera zokongoletsera komanso zopatsa chidwi, mbewu zamaluwa, cacti, orchid, mitengo ya kanjedza, bromeliad, maluwa ndi zina zambiri zakukonzekera zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musagwiritse ntchito feteleza wanu wokha. Ndiosavuta kusankha feteleza - ingowerenga malingaliro a chomera china ndikuwonetsetsa kuti nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu azichita zomwe amakonda. Koma pali miyambo ina iwiri yovala pamwamba yomwe imatsimikizira "kulondola" kwawo. Pankhani ya feteleza m'nyumba zamkati Chofunikira kwambiri pakudya kumachitika komanso momwe zimachitikira.

Kavalidwe kabwinobwino ka maluwa a mkati omwe ali ndi feteleza wapadera wamadzimadzi

Kodi kudyetsa m'nyumba zomera?

Zomera zamkati zimadyetsedwa pokhapokha ngati masamba azomera, pomwe mbali zonse za pansi panthaka zimamera ndikukula. Munthawi imeneyi m'pofunika kuti feteleza azigwiritsidwa ntchito. Lamulo loterolo silitanthauza kuti kudya koyenera kumachitika kokha mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe: palinso mbewu zomwe sizimangokhala ndi nthawi yopuma yokwanira ndikupanga chaka chonse, komanso nyenyezi kutulutsa m'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu. Sankhani nthawi yomwe muyenera kudyetsa chomera chilichonse, ndikofunikira malinga ndi masamba ake ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, mbewu zonse zimafunikira feteleza. Nthawi yogwira ntchito mwachangu mu mbewu, ngakhale ikukula m'nyumba, imayamba ndikuwonjezereka kwa nthawi yayitali masana komanso kukula kwa kuyatsa. Nthawi zambiri, kuyamba kwa nyengo yokukula kukugwa mu Marichi, ndipo nyengo ikakhala yabwino, imayamba kumapeto kwa February. Ndipo pamodzi ndi izi, nthawi yovala zovala zapamwamba imayamba. Zomera zogwira zimatha m'dzinja, ndikuchepetsa kwake kwamasana masana ndikuwunikira kwathunthu. Kuchepetsa kwakanthawi kuwunikira kumawonekera kale mu Okutobala, kotero nthawi yachikhalidwe yachikhalidwe imamalizidwa mu September.

Palibe zovuta kudziwa kuti mavalidwe apamwamba nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira ndi awa:

1. Ngati mbewuyo imatha kukhala matalala ndipo ikasiya kukula, kuvala pamwamba nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira sikuchitika konse. Nthawi zambiri, zobiriwira komanso zazikulu, mbewu zamaluwa, masamba oponya kapena gawo lonse la chomera zimafunika kusiya kudya.
2. Kutsika kwa masana masana, kuchepa msanga, nyengo yozizira, komanso nthawi yokhala matalala kumafuna kuchepa komanso kuchepetsa umuna kwa nthawi yophukira-nyengo yachisanu. Mwachitsanzo, pazomera zambiri zokongoletsera komanso zopatsa chidwi, ngakhale ndizosowa, koma kukhalabe zokhazikika, kuvala pamwamba mwachisanu ndikofunikira kuti tisunge kukongola kwa masamba.
3. Ngati mbewuyo imaphuka nthawi yozizira kapena kugwa, ndiye kuti feteleza akupitirirabe.

Nthawi yomweyo, kuphatikiza feteleza wa mbeu zamkati kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Febere kumatheka pokhapokha ngati chomera chalandira bwino komanso chisavutike chifukwa chosowa kuwala. Zomera zomwe sizikufunika kuvala pamwamba panthawiyi, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa mizu ndi kudzikundikira kwa michere yambiri. Ngakhale mbewu zomwe zimayamba nthawi yozizira komanso kupitilira apo, chifukwa cha nyengo ndi kuwunikira, zimachepetsa zosowa zawo, ndipo popanda kukonza umuna, zimavutikanso ndi feteleza wambiri.

Pofuna kuti tisasokonezedwe masiku ndi nthawi yogwirira ntchito kwambiri komanso poyima kaye pang'ono kapena pang'ono, ndikukwanira kuti muphunzire mosamalitsa mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse - chidziwitso osati kutentha kapena kuyatsa, komanso zomwe mbewu zimafunikira chisamaliro. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe amalangizawa zimapereka chidziwitso chonse chokhudza mawonekedwe amtunduwu, pafupipafupi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito komanso kapangidwe ka feteleza. Pali mbewu zomwe zimakonda kusintha mosasintha mu regimen yodyetsa, ndipo nthawi yomwe umuna ukachitika mwachangu ziyenera kuyamba ndikutha pang'onopang'ono.

Nthawi zodyetsa nthawi zonse zimasiyana pamitundu yomwe yangopangidwa kumene ndikukula. Mavalidwe apamwamba pambuyo povunduka amayamba kuchitika kokha mwezi ukangokhala wopanda phindu komanso pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3 - kwa mitengo yolimba osati yovuta kwambiri. Mukamagula mbewu musamange feteleza osati nthawi yokhayokha, komanso m'miyezi yoyamba itatha, ndikuyambiranso pang'onopang'ono. Kuvala kwapamwamba sikumachitika konse kwa mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi matenda kapena tizirombo, kuzichotsa kwathunthu ku pulogalamu ya chisamaliro mpaka kumaliza ntchito.

Kuvala kwapaderadera (kowonjezera) kumachitika pamene chomera chilichonse chikuwonetsa zizindikilo zakusowa kwa michere ina. Maonekedwe a mawanga pamasamba, kutsika masamba ndi masamba, kuyimitsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchepa, kuchepa kwa maluwa, kusokonekera kwamaluwa, kutulutsa masamba - zonsezi zimawonetsa kudyetsedwa kosayenera. Ntchito yayikulu yophatikiza feteleza ndikupereka chilichonse chomwe chomera chikusowa. Mavalidwe apamwamba amadzimadzi sangabweretse zotsatira; kubwezeretsa chisamaliro chapadera kumathandizira kuti mbewu zitheke mwachangu, komanso njira zowonjezeredwa ndi kuvala zovala zapamwamba.

Kudyetsa zakudya zamkati nthawi yothirira

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza?

Kuti musalakwitse komanso kudyetsa bwino, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito, omwe amapereka zonse zofunikira ndikuthandizira kuti musakayikire kuchuluka kapena njira zogwiritsira ntchito. Malangizowo akuwonetsa moyenera momwe mungagwiritsire feteleza: mu mawonekedwe a ufa, mphete, timitengo, makapisozi, ngakhale mawonekedwe amadzimadzi.

Mtundu uliwonse wa feteleza womwe wakhudzidwa, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pali malingaliro angapo apadziko lonse pankhani ya umuna:

1. "Kuchepetsa" ndikwabwino kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokulirapo. Zosakaniza za feteleza wapadera zimapangidwira kuti zikhazikike mwanjira ina ndipo zimakhala ndi phindu pokhapokha ngati zikugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osasamala, overestimated sikungachepetse kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe apamwamba ndipo sikungapangitse "malo" m'nthaka, koma kungangokulitsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi kusokonezeka kwa moyo wabwinobwino, njira yolandirira michere ndi chinyezi. Zomera zamkati, mosiyana ndi mbewu za m'munda, zimavutika kwambiri ndi michere yambiri. Ndipo sitikulankhula zongotaya zokongoletsera zokha, komanso za ngozi yotaya mbewuyo kwathunthu. Zizindikiro zakuthira feteleza munyumba ndi izi:
   • kuwotcha pamasamba;
   • chikasu, kutaya ndi kufa kwa nsonga kapena mphukira payokha;
   • masamba akuponya.
2. Feteleza wa mtundu uliwonse sagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka ngati yowuma bwino.. Mavalidwe apamwamba, komanso amadzimadzi, owuma, komanso mtundu wa foliar amachitika pokhapokha atanyowetsa nthaka ndikuthirira. Ngati khola lolimba limasungidwa ngati mbewu, gawo lapansi silimawuma kwathunthu, ndiye feteleza amadzimadzi akhoza kuthiridwa limodzi ndi madzi kuthirira. Ngati gawo lowuma, ndibwino nthawi zonse kupatulira manyowa ndi kuthirira ndikuthira manyowa tsiku lotsatira mutathirira, m'nthaka yatsopano ndi yonyowa. Izi zimathetsa chiopsezo cha kutentha mizu.
3. Ubwino wamadzi ndiosafunanso kuposa feteleza. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa, osasunthika, osankhidwa malinga ndi zokonda za chomera chilichonse. Ngati feteleza atasungunuka m'madzi kapena kuwonjezeredwa, ndiye kuti palibe vuto kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira: feteleza aliyense amangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi otentha pang'ono kuposa kutentha kwa chipinda.
4. Kuvala kwapamwamba sikumachitika pakutalika kwa tsiku ndi kutentha, komanso makamaka pansi pa dzuwa. Zomera zam'munda, kuvala zovala zamkati ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Njira yodziwika bwino komanso yotetezeka kwambiri yothira feteleza ndimanyowa wamafuta kapena feteleza wa nthawi yochepa. Ma feteleza amadzimadzi ndi osungunuka amapatsa zomerazi michere m'njira yothandiza kugaya chakudya. Amaziphatikiza ndi madzi othirira, kuthira mu kulowerera kapena kusungunula zosakanikirana mmenemo, kupewa ngozi yakuwotcha kapena kuchuluka kwa zinthu mukamayang'ana mulingo woyenera wa chomera chilichonse ndi mtundu wa feteleza. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yakukula, kuvala kwamadzimadzi kumachitika nthawi zambiri m'milungu iwiri kapena itatu, munthawi yamaluwa - nthawi 1 m'milungu 1 kapena 1.5. Munthawi ya chakudya chamagulu, ngati kudyetsa kumapitilizidwa, amabweretsedwa theka - kamodzi pa miyezi 1 kapena 1.5. Mlingo wa feteleza nthawi zambiri umachepera pakati.

Z feteleza wa nthawi yayitali - timitengo, granles, mbewu, etc. - amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo. Nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza nthawi imodzi m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu kuti muwonjezere panthaka sikofunikira. Nthawi zina feteleza zotere zimangowonjezeredwa pakubzala ndikuiwalako za mavalidwe apamwamba mpaka njira yotsatira, koma ambiri mwa feteleza wopitilira kwa nthawi yayitali amafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi kwa miyezi 1-3. Pamene michere imatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono, imathandizira njira yosamalira.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya feteleza wogwira ntchito yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.:

1. Feteleza kapena feteleza umayikidwa m'nthaka mukamabzala.
2. Ndodo za feteleza kapena feteleza wokhala ndi chomera chimayambitsa dothi mutabzala. Amayikidwa ndi 4-5 cm komanso pafupifupi mtunda womwewo kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mphikawo, kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa timitengo molingana ndi utali wa mapoto (1 ndodo - mumphika umodzi ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 10 cm).

Mavalidwe apamwamba a Foliar amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Amangochitika kokha chifukwa cha herbaceous mbewu zokhala ndi masamba osakhwima ndi kupanga wandiweyani wosakhwima.. Samagwiritsidwe ntchito osati othandizira ndi mbewu zonse zomangidwa, komanso mitengo ya kanjedza. Mavalidwe apamwamba a Foliar amachitika pamasamba okha, munthawi ya kukula. M'malo mwake, amawagwiritsa ntchito masamba, koma amapanga njira yosavuta kwambiri - kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. M'malo mopopera mankhwalawa ndi madzi ofunda ndi ofewa, njira yothira feteleza yothiridwa pang'ono. Izi zimachitika mosamala, kupatula mbewu ndikuyiyika pamtunda, kugunda pomwe zinthu za mchere sizidzayambitsa mavuto. Koma ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizike kuti mukamadya masamba osabzala simudzakumana ndi kuwunikira kowala kwambiri, makamaka makamaka kuchokera pakulowera dzuwa, komwe nthawi yomweyo kumayaka masamba. Chinyezi panthawi yodyetsa ayenera kukhala osachepera kapena okwera. Kavalidwe kabwino kwambiri nthawi zonse kumakhala kophatikizidwa ndi nthawi zonse, chifukwa ngakhale njirayi imathandizira kukongoletsa masamba, mbewuyo imatenga michere yayikulu m'nthaka.