Kukula ndi kusamalira zonunkhira

Ma nthochi ndi osasamala kwambiri komanso owuma nthawi yozizira. Amakula bwino m'kuwala kulikonse: padzuwa, pamthunzi komanso mthunzi. Khalani olimba m'malo otetezeka, koma pang'onopang'ono pamenepo. Koma dzuwa lokwanira limaphuka, koma limakula bwino. Malo abwino kwambiri kuchokera kumpoto, kumpoto-kum'mawa kapena kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa malowa ndi malo omwe ali pathanthwe, malo otetezedwa, mabedi omangidwa ndi malo olimidwa, koma osakhala olemera kwambiri. Nthambi zimabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 40-50 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake kuti akule bwino, ndikupanga chophimba chotseka. Zomera sizingathe kuyima ngakhale kutalika kwambiri, chifukwa zimafunika madzi. Pamaso pa izi, amakhala bwino ngakhale m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi.

Maluwa a Badan.

Chapakatikati, chisanu chikasungunuka ndikuuma pang'ono, masamba owonongeka kwambiri nthawi yachisanu amachotsedwa ku zipatso. Masamba onse sangachotsedwe, chifukwa masamba omwe amafa amathandizira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi komanso isamasungidwe kozizira kwambiri. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, zimathandizanso kudula mphukira zokulira, kudyetsa mbewu ndi feteleza wovuta wa mchere. Kuvala kotsatiraku kumalimbikitsidwa masabata awiri mutatulutsa maluwa, pakukulira masamba atsopano.

Zofukizazi ndizachikondi. © Shelagh Fritz

Mabanana amathiriridwa madzi munthawi yophukira, maluwa ndi masabata awiri pambuyo pake, ndipo pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati kuli kouma. Mitundu yambiri yamitengo ya badan nthawi yozizira imakhala malo ogona, pomwe mitundu yonse yosankhidwa ku Europe ku Russia ikuwopsezedwa ndi masamba ndi masamba amasamba. "Asisi" oterewa akulimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe m'makona otetezedwa kwambiri m'mundawo.

Zofukizazo zimapangidwa ndi mtima, masamba ndi inflorescence. © Radomil

Popanda kuziika, nthochi zimatha kukula kwazaka makumi angapo. Kuika zinthu pafupipafupi kumawonjezera "mawonekedwe" a badan ndikutsogolera matenda. Kukula kochepa kwambiri pamalo amodzi ndi zaka 7-8. Kukula, amapanga makatani okongola a masamba owonda amtundu, owala bwino kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. Chapakatikati, amaphimbidwa ndi unyinji wa maluwa ochulukirapo. Wofowoka chifukwa chomera mosakwanira (chinyezi chosazungulira), zomasulidwa pafupipafupi, kapena zina zowonongeka zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi tsamba la tsamba (ramulariosis).

Masamba owuma kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi mliriwu ndikuchotsa masamba matenda, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi maziko.

Mitsinje yopanda maluwa pabedi lamaluwa. © Kurt Stuber

Nthaka zimafalitsidwa ndikugawa mbewu zachikale zikagulitsidwa, zodulidwa kapena mbewu. Zomera zoyamba zaka ziwiri zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Amachita maluwa pachaka cha 3 - 4. Zomera zopangidwa bwino zokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu ndizoyenera kudula. Gawo lodziwika bwino la nthambuyo limazika bwino kwambiri kuposa m'munsi. Masamba pachikondacho amachichotsa, ndikungotsala atatu okha mwaachichepere pa malo ogulitsira. Zodulidwa zimayenera kukhala ndi masamba atatu, omwe amakhala pansi pa masamba otsala. Kudula mbewu mutayamba maluwa: kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Rhizomes mukabzala imamiziridwa m'nthaka 3-5 masentimita mpaka m'munsi mwa malo ogulitsira. Madzi pafupipafupi. Amamera pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Chomera chomwe chidamera pachimake mchaka cha 2 - 3.