Njira zokulira maluwa a maluwa ndiosatheka popanda zopinga. Matenda ofala kwambiri ndiwozizi. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwa duwa, chifukwa limatsogolera kuimfa. Mukawona maluwa ayenera kuyamba kulimbana nawo.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuwona maluwa?
Matanga akuda pamaluwa samangowononga maluwa okongola, komanso amabweretsa zowonongeka pamtengowo. Pang'onopang'ono, matendawa amafalikira pachitsamba chonse ndipo amatha kuthana ndi ena. Matendawa ndi osokoneza bongo komanso ovuta kuwachiritsa. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kuteteza khungu lanu kuti musayang'ane maluwa.
Momwe mungapewere kuyambika kwa matenda:
- kumachita kudulira kolondola kwa mbewu yake, chifukwa "tsitsi" limawonjezera kukhazikika kwa maluwa;
- Chotsani masamba owonongeka, masamba, maluwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti awatentha pamalo omwe ali pachitsamba;
- Kupalira kosalekeza kwa mizu;
- nthawi yamvula, kuwaza phulusa kuzungulira tchire ndi kopindulitsa;
- kukonza mbewu zokhala ndi zida zapadera zoteteza maluwa;
- kupopera mbewu tchire ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kapena mahatchi;
- kusankha malo oyenera kubzala maluwa: osabzala m'malo odera komanso oderera;
- kukonza pafupipafupi zida ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti pali mitundu ya maluwa omwe amalimbana ndi mawanga akuda. Ena, mmalo mwake, amatengera za chibadwa chawo. Chifukwa chake, pogula zinthu zodzala, izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.
Momwe ndi kuchitira mawanga pa masamba a rose?
Pakadali pano, m'masitolo apadera amasankha mankhwala ambiri omwe amatha kuchiritsa. Chachikulu ndichakuti musagule chida chimodzi, koma zingapo.
Kukonzekera kwapadera kuyenera kukhala:
- triazole;
- mancozeb.
Afunika kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, pakugwiritsa ntchito mochita bwino. Masiku asanu ndi awiri oyamba, zitsamba za rose zimathiridwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga mancozeb. Mwachitsanzo: Golide kapena Phindu. Pakatha sabata, othandizira okhala ndi triazole amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga Topaz kapena Skor.
Muyenera kukonza tchire madzulo kuti pasakhale mame. Pamaso kudzipha, ndibwino kuthirira chomera pansi pazu. Pambuyo pakutha kwa mawanga pamasamba a rose, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa duwa. Ndi zizindikiro zobwerezabwereza za matendawa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa malo owonongeka a chomera ndikuwotcha.
Prophylactic othandizira
Pa masamba a rose, mawanga akuda amayamba kuwoneka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ndipo kugonjetsedwa kwa mbewu kumachitika kumayambiriro. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakumana ndi maluwa ngati afooka kapena samalandira zakudya zoyenera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuthira maluwa.
Momwe mungawone patali yakuda:
- Choyamba, mbewu imasiya kukula;
- kachiwiri, mawanga amdima amawoneka pamtunda wobiriwira (ngati mapira);
- Kachitatu, chidwi chapamwamba chimawoneka pafupi ndi masamba.
Ena olima dimba amagwiritsa ntchito njira zoletsa matenda. Chiwembu chomwe maluwa amakulira ndikuzunguliridwa ndi adyo wa adyo. Mtengowu uli ndi mwayi wopewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus (khungu lowoneka limayimira mtundu wa bowa Marssonina rosae).
Komanso, kupewa, mutha kuwaza tchire ndi decoctions a adyo kapena fodya. Ma infusions samapatsa mphamvu mankhwala opatsirana ndipo musavulaze mbewuyo.
Kusamalidwa koyenera
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudulira maluwa nthawi zonse. Njirayi ipangitsa chitetezo chomera kutchinjiriza matenda oyamba ndi fungus, omwe amaphatikiza mawanga akuda.
Komanso, ngati mawanga akuda awonekera kale pamasamba a rose, ndiye ndikofunikira kuchekera mphukirazo pamlingo wa masamba atatu kuchokera kumunsi. Kenako utsi tchire ndi mankhwala ("Copper oxychloride", "Vectra", "Cumulus").
Nthambi zonse zofooka, zachikale ndi zowuma zimachotsedwa bwino, chifukwa zimakhala cholinga choti ziwoneke.
M'dzinja ndi masika, zimayambira ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi mkuwa wa sulfate ndi Bordeaux fluid.
Masamba onse owonongeka amasowa msanga, kenako nkugwa. Ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Kupanda kutero, bowa adzachulukana, ndipo nthawi yamapiko imafalikira ku tchire lathanzi labwino.
Nthawi yakula, mbewu imafuna kuti munthu akhale ndi mpweya wabwino, osabzala mbewu zina pafupi kwambiri. Osalola kuti nthawi yayitali muzikhala chinyezi pamasamba a maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mphukira ndi udzu wamsongole. Ndikwabwino kukumba malo ozungulira pafupipafupi, kuyambitsa bowa (wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo) m'nthaka.
Kufalikira kwa matendawa kumathandizira kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri. Koma osati chilengedwe chokhacho chomwe chingapangitse kuti ma maluwa agonedwe ndi malo akuda, komanso tekinoloji yoyenera ya ulimi. Chifukwa chake, musanayambe kulima maluwa awa, muyenera kufunsa momwe mungawasamalire bwino.
