Zofanana kwambiri ndi kolifulawa, broccoli imadziwika kwambiri chifukwa chaopatsa mphamvu kalori, katundu wathanzi komanso kukoma kwambiri. Amasankhidwa ndi anthu ambiri amakono achilimwe monga chikhalidwe chachikulu chamunda, popeza broccoli, yomwe siivuta kukula komanso kusamalira poyera, imapereka zokolola zabwino ngakhale zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi chilimwe mwachidule komanso kuzizira.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zobzala broccoli:
- mbande (kuchokera kwa njere);
- mmera.
Njira iliyonse ili ndi zopindulitsa zake ndipo ndiyothandiza kukula kwa broccoli m'nyumba yanyengo ndi dimba.
Kumera
Kukula kwa broccoli m'malo otseguka kuchokera ku mbande ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wolosera kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndikupulumutsa mbewu zambiri momwe zingathere.
Kukonzekera kwa mbewu zokulira mbande kumayamba kumayambiriro kwamasika. Kuti mupeze mbande zapamwamba komanso zapamwamba, njere zimasankhidwa, kusankha zokhazokha zazikulu komanso zosawonongeka. Zofesedwa mumabokosi omwe amadzazidwa ndi gawo limodzi kapena gawo lamchere pang'ono.
Dothi lofesa mbewu liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndikulowetsedwa, kotero ngalande zimayikidwa pansi pamabokosi.
Mbewu zimayikidwa m'nthaka patali pafupifupi masentimita 2-3 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake m'mapando osaya. Mphukira woyamba usanawonekere, matenthedwe amoto mu chipinda chomwe mbande zakula siziyenera kutsika kuposa + 20º,, mutamera mbande umatha kuchepetsedwa kukhala 10ºº.
Mbande za Broccoli zikukula mwachangu, kotero patatha milungu iwiri amafunika kudumphira m'madzi. Ndikofunika kulowa pansi m'miphika zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimayamba ndi kutentha, limodzi ndi ana ang'onoang'ono zingabzalidwe pansi.
Nthawi zambiri, mbande za broccoli zimabzalidwa pabedi osati kale kuposa mwezi mutabzala, pomwe masamba 5-6 amawonekera kabichi. Kubzala broccoli m'nthaka m'maderamo, komanso kumadera ena ozizira, kumachitika popanda kale mwezi wa Meyi komanso kokha mu dothi lotenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa.
Njira yakulira broccoli kuchokera ku mbewu
Pofuna kuti musasokoneze ndi mabokosi ndi mbande, mutha kumera broccoli m'munda kuchokera pa mbewu. Monga lamulo, njere zimabzalidwa m'nthaka mpaka pakuya masentimita 2-3 kumapeto kwa Epulo. Kuti mphukira yoyamba ya broccoli iwonekere mwachangu, dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa mukabzala mbewu.
Kukula kwa broccoli potseguka ku Urals, komanso kumadera ena okhala ndi nyengo yachisanu komanso yachidule, kuyenera kuchitidwa kokha mothandizidwa ndi mitundu yosazizira komanso kabichi koyambirira kabichi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yakucha-yakucha m'maderawa sikungakhale koyenera, chifukwa kabichi sikhala ndi nthawi yakucha. Mutha kubzala mbewu za brokoli pamalo otentha m'malo ozizira osati Meyi.
Zolemba Zosamalira Broccoli
Kukula ndi kusamalira broccoli kutchire kwenikweni sikosiyana ndi kulima mitundu ina ya kabichi ndipo ndizotheka aliyense wokhala m'nyengo yachilimwe. Broccoli ndi imodzi mwazomera zobzala. Komabe, kuti chomera chisangalatse zokolola zake zochulukirapo, dothi lomwe lili pabedi lokhala ndi broccoli liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo kabichiyo iyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira broccoli kuyenera kuchitika nthawi 1 pasabata. Kuti kabichi imere ndi yowoneka bwino komanso yayikulu, ndikofunikira kuthirira osati mizu ya mbewu, komanso kuthira masamba ambiri.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuti broccoli ikondweretse zokolola zambiri, iyenera kudyetsedwa katatu pachaka. Nthawi yoyamba - masabata awiri mutabzala mbande m'munda. Potere, feteleza wachilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chovala chapamwamba (mwachitsanzo, ndowa kapena mullein).
Chovala chotsatirachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito nitrate milungu ingapo itatha yoyamba. Kuphatikiza kwachitatu ndi feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu kumachitika pakuwonekera kwa inflorescence yoyamba.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Kulima ndi kusamalira broccoli kutchire nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha tizirombo ndi matenda omwe kabichi kamene timawavumbulutsira. Zilombo zazikulu za broccoli zitha kukhala:
- slugs;
- gulugufe kabichi;
- kabichi ntchentche;
- nsabwe za m'masamba.
Mbande, masamba ndi inflorescence zimatha kuthana ndi matenda monga keel, blackleg, zowola, mosaic, peronosporosis.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo, mankhwala apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhani ya matenda a broccoli, toyesa matenda amachotsedwa m'mundamo, ndipo inflorescence athanzi amathandizidwa ndi mayankho apadera.
Kututa
Dulani mitu ya broccoli iyenera kukhala yobiriwira, osadikirira mawonekedwe a maluwa achikasu. Ngati Broccoli idayamba kutulutsa, imakhala yosayenera kudya anthu. Ndikwabwino kusadula mitu ndikuwasiya m'mundamo kuti mbewu.
Osachotsa broccoli pansi mutadula mutu wa kabichi. Mu broccoli, mphukira zimakula mwachangu kuchokera kuzomwe zimayambira pambuyo pake, zomwe zimatha kupanga mbewu ina.
Zithunzi zomwe zasonyezedwa za kulima kwa broccoli poyera zikuwonetsa kuti ndikathirira nthawi zonse ndikuyang'ana malamulo oyendetsera chisamaliro, aliyense wokhala chilimwe adzatha kulandira zokolola zabwino komanso zabwino kwambiri za kabichi yabwino.
