Okonza amalingalira Barberry kukhala ngale yokongoletsera. Pafupifupi mitundu 175 ndi mitundu yopitilira 500 imapereka mwayi wosintha malo owoneka bwino kukhala dziko lodabwitsa la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mithunzi, ndi malo otsetsereka ndi otsetsereka - kukhala nthano. Zitsamba zokongoletsera, zikuluzikulu ndi zocheperapo, zobiriwira nthawi zonse komanso zowala, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe otseguka kapena masamba owoneka ndi mitundu ndi mithunzi - kuchokera wobiriwira mpaka wofiyira, burgundy, chikasu, mphonje, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsa zamapaki amumizinda, kugawa kwawo.
Barberry waku Thunberg (Berberis thunbergii). © robertorossiZitsamba za barberry zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri zimawoneka bwino pandekha komanso m'minda yamagulu imodzi yosakanikirana ndi spirea, conifers, cotoneaster ndi zina zokongoletsa. Tchire lotsika la mitundu yamtundu payokha ndilopadera mu mitundu yosakanikirana ndipo zitsamba zazing'ono zimakhala zodabwitsa m'minda yamalire. Udzu umawapatsa chithumwa chapadera kuphatikiza ndi zipatso zokongola zophatikizidwa m'mabrashi ang'onoang'ono, maambulera ndi ma inflorescence ena.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kapangidwe kake kapangidwe kazinthu zopanga ndi mawonekedwe azamoyo zimaloleza kugwiritsa ntchito barberry monga:
- zokongoletsa zachikhalidwe cha mapangidwe a mipanda kapena malo,
- chomera chamtengo wapatali
- wowerengeka yothetsera matenda ambiri,
- chakudya chophika.
Kufotokozera mwachidule za mitundu ndi mitundu ya barberry
Mwa mitundu yonse ya barberry (Berberis) amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka barberry wamba, Turnberg, Ottawa, boxwood, Juliana, Darwin komanso imvi. Iliyonse ya izo ili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndipo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa chitsamba, mawonekedwe a korona, mawonekedwe amtundu wa masamba, mtundu wa maluwa ndi zipatso, komanso kutsutsa chilengedwe.
Zoyang'anira malo Barberry waku Thunberg (Berberis thunbergii) Imadziwika ndi zokongoletsera zokongola, zofiira kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipanda mu dachas ndi madera oyandikana ndi madera akumwera. Mphukira zimakutidwa ndi ma spine osinthika. Barberry Thurnberg salekerera chisanu. Kutalika kwa zitsamba kumayambira 0,5 mpaka 1.5 m ndikukongoletsa bwino bwalo kapena dimba, ndikupatsa magulu amodzi okongoletsa komanso malo obisika okha ndi mawonekedwe achilendo a masamba - zobiriwira zowala nthawi ya chilimwe, komanso kugwa kofiira kwamoto. 2-3 mabulashi ang'onoang'ono omwe sangaberekedwe, koma zipatso zamtundu wofiira zimapezeka m'matumba a masamba. Zipatso zimacha mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala.
Barberis wa tunberg "Rose Glow" (Berberis thunbergii 'Rose Glow'). © Kristine PaulusBarberry wamba (Berberis vulgaris) (wowawasa, ndimu ya kumpoto, mabulosi abiri) ndiwowoneka bwino kwambiri. Zingwe zazitali zowonda zimapezeka kudutsa lonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyumba yachilimwe ngati chitsamba cha zipatso ndikupanga mipanda. Zipatso zake zimakhala ndi zowawasa zachilendo, kumpoto ndi imodzi mwazipatso zomwe amakonda. Ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri lomwe limakopa njuchi. Barberry uchi mankhwala. Zipatso, monga momwe zinalili kale, zipsa mu Seputembara-Okutobala. Amapachikidwa m'magulu ofiira owala bwino. Barberry wamba chisanu ndi chilala choteteza, osasamala mu chisamaliro, koma chokongoletsa malowa (kuphatikiza awiri amodzi) sichabwino.
Barberry wamba (Berberis vulgaris). © pepinierabolintinWa zobiriwira nthawi zonse amawoneka bwino pamawonekedwe Barberry Juliana (Berberis julianae) mpaka 3 m kutalika ndi masamba a lanceolate okongola amdima wobiriwira ndi Darwin barberry. Yotsirizirayi simalola chisanu, chifukwa chake, imalimbikitsidwa chifukwa chodzala kum'mwera zigawo.
Opusa mwachilendo Barberry boxwood (Berberis buxifolia) ndi Barberry imvi (Pomera) Zitsamba zotsika, zophulika, kutalika kwa 0,3-0,5 m zokha, zobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi maluwa achikasu achikasu ndi achikasu, zipatso za buluu - ndizokongola kwambiri m'chilimwe ndipo - chokongoletsera chowoneka bwino nyengo yachisanu.
Ndiwotchuka chifukwa chopanga utoto masamba. Baru ya Ottawa (Berberis x ottawensis) M'chilimwe, amaphimbidwa ndi masamba ofiirira, omwe pofika m'dzinja amasintha mtundu kukhala wachikaso ndi wofiyira. Mitundu yosakanizidwa imasiyanitsidwa ndi zipatso zazikulu. Prickly ndi wopanda ntchito.
Barberry ngati chikhalidwe chokongoletsa masamba amatha kubzala pamalo owoneka bwino ndi m'malo opanda mthunzi. Pakusintha kuunikira, masamba a masamba osiyanasiyana amasintha mtundu, wotsalira momwe ndi wokongola komanso wowala. Mbali iyi ya barberry ngati shrub yokongoletsera imakopa chidwi cha akatswiri ojambula komanso okonda umunthu wosangalatsa pakupanga nyumba zam'nyumba zamalimwe komanso malo ogwirira ntchito.
Barberry Juliana (Berberis julianae). © Andreas Balzer 
Barberry boxwood (Berberis buxifolia). © teannurseries 
Barberry wa Ottawa (Berberis x ottawensis). © medeliaiMachiritso a barberry
Mwa njira zochizira, ochiritsa achikhalidwe amagwiritsa ntchito decoctions ndi infusions wa magawo onse azikhalidwe (zipatso, masamba, makungwa, mizu) kuchiza chiwindi, impso, matenda am'mimba komanso minyewa.
Pazachipatala, mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu zipatso za barberry amazindikiridwa pakuyeretsa magazi, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mitsempha yamagazi komanso ngati prophylactic yomwe imachepetsa chiopsezo cha zotupa zoyipa. Magawo onse azikhalidwe ali ndi malo okhala. Masamba a barberry, omwe amatengedwa pambuyo pa maluwa, ndi makungwa ang'onoang'ono nthawi yophukira, amapondereza njira zotupa, ali ndi diuretic ndi he hetaticatic katundu. Zodzikongoletsa kuchokera pamizu zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, zimathandizira ndi rheumatism ndi matenda a gallstone.
Zomera za barberry zili ndi contraindication kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngati mankhwala. Kufunsira kwa dokotala ndikofunikira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Babraris kuphika
Zipatso za mitundu ya barberry yabwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kupanikizana, zakudya zonunkhira, zipatso zosafunikira, zowonjezera za tiyi, zokometsera zazikulu mbale. Madzi ochokera zipatso, yophika ndi shuga, ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda a ARI monga antipyretic. Msuzi wa barberry nyama ndi nsomba zimakhala ndi kukoma kosazolowereka. Kuyambira zipatso amakonza zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zakumwa za zipatso, viniga wachilengedwe. Zipatso zouma ndi dzuwa zouma malinga ndi mavitamini C omwe ali mu tiyi amatha kusintha ndimu.
Maluwa a Barberry Tunberg. © David ThompsonKukula barberry
Barberry akhoza kubzala mosavuta m'nyumba yotentha. Kukhala ndi mndandanda waukulu woterewu, sikungapangitse chisamaliro chokwiyitsa chisamaliro, koma kumakondwera nthawi zonse ndi chovala chake, zipatso ndi kukolola kwa nyengo yozizira.
Zofunikira ndi kukonzekera dothi
Mabulosi amakula pamtunda wamtundu uliwonse. Kutengera ndi zida zamitundumitundu, zimatha kukhala m'malo otentha kapena mumthunzi. Satha kuyimirira madzi osayenda, amakonda nthaka youma.
Kuti mizu yake izikhazikike mwachangu ndikuyamba kukula ndi kukulitsa, dzenje lobzala lifunika kukonzekera pafupipafupi katatu kuposa mizu ya mmera, pafupifupi, miyeso ndi 50x50x50 cm.
Chidebe chamadzi chimathiridwa mu dzenje lokonzekera. Yembekezani mpaka kuti inyowe m'nthaka, kenako ndikutulutsirani madziwo. Drainage imapangidwa kuchokera ku mwala wosweka, miyala yayikulu, mchenga wokhala ndi masentimita 15-20-25, kutengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'deralo. Malo omwe atsalawo amadzazidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi humus ndi peat (ngati alipo). Galasi la phulusa, supuni 3-4 za laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite (laimu), 50-60 g wa superphosphate ndi 20-30 mchere wa potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa osakaniza pachidebe chilichonse. Ma tuks amaminiti ofanana momwemo amatha kusinthidwa ndi nitrophos, Kemira, feteleza wina wonse.
Kubzala barberry
Ndikwabwino kubzala barberry m'chaka, kuti nthawi yachilimwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timalimbitsa, timakhala ndi mizu ndikuzika mizu yatsopano. M'madera otentha, mbewu zimabzalidwa bwino mokwanira. Barberry ingabzalidwe ndi chitsamba chimodzi mu dzenje kapena mbewu zingapo mzere, ndikusiya pakati pa mbeu 20-25 masentimita (kwa udzu wobiriwira). Mmera umayikidwa pakatikati pa dzenje lobzala kuti mizu yotalika ndi 3-4 masentimita pansi pa nthaka ndikuwonjezeredwa pansi ndikusakanizidwa ndi dothi. Pakhosi pamizu pali impso zatsopano. Mukamayanika kuzungulira tchire, masamba amenewa amapatsa mphukira zatsopano. Mmera wobzalidwa umathiriridwa (ndowa 0,5 za madzi) ndikuwumbika ndi masamba, utuchi, ndi mulch yaying'ono.
Chisamaliro
Chisamaliro cha barberry chimaphatikizapo kulima kuthana ndi udzu, kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira, komanso kupangira korona.
Barberry zakudya
Mavalidwe apamwamba amayamba mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Onjezani 30-40 g wa urea, wokhathamiritsidwa mu ndowa, pansi pa chitsamba. Mu zaka zitatu zotsatira, zimadyetsedwa masika maluwa asanatseguke kapena asanafike maluwa ndi kemira, nitrofos kapena nitroammophos, kapena feteleza zina zovuta zomwe zimakhala ndi kufufuza zinthu. Mutha kungowonjezera zinthu pazovala zazikulu. Manyowa pansi kuthirira kapena mu njira yothetsera. Akuluakulu barberry tchire manyowa zaka 3-4 zilizonse.
Kuthirira
Mutha kuthirira mbewu zazing'ono 1-2 pakatha sabata kuti mukhalebe ndi mizu yaying'ono. Ndi chitukuko chake, timachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kamodzi pakadutsa masiku 10-15-30. Tchire modekha limapirira chilala chochepa. Kutsirira kotsatira kumachitika pamene nthaka yakuya kwa kanjedza imataya chonyowa kuti ikhudze. M'chaka chamvula, chikhalidwe sichithiriridwa madzi. Chilala chimakhala bwino kwa barberry kuposa chinyezi chambiri komanso chinyezi chamadzi pamizu.
Kudulira
Kudulira mabulosi kumachitika chaka chilichonse. Pakatikati, kudulira mwaukhondo nthawi zambiri kumachitika. Dulani odwala, owuma, ma curve, akuwombera kukula mkati. Udzu uyenera kudulidwamo kuti apatse mwayi kuti mphukira zomwe zatsala kuti zikule bwino. Kudulira ndi kuthandiza kudulira kwa barberry kumachitika mu June ndi August. Ndondomeko ndikofunikira kuti tisunge mawonekedwe oyambira mu hedgerow.
Barberry waku Thunberg (Berberis thunbergii).
Kufalikira kwa barberry
Barberry imafalikira ndi zipatso ndi mbewu. Mwachilengedwe kwambiri pofalitsa maudzu mwa kudula ndi magawo, omwe amachitidwa chimodzimodzi ndi gooseberries ndi currants.
Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Zilombo zazikulu za zitsamba ndi nsabwe za barberry, njenjete zam'maluwa, masamba a barberry, barberry sawfly. Mankhwala samalimbikitsa kuti mankhwala azomera. Pakadali pano, makampani opanga mankhwala amapereka mndandanda waukulu wazinthu zachilengedwe zomwe sizili zovulaza kwa anthu ndi nyama. Amatha kubzala mbewu mpaka nthawi yokolola. Zachilengedwe zolimbana ndi tizirombo t pamwambapa ndi izi: fitoverm, boverin, actofit (acarin), bicol ndi ena. Zomera zam'munda ziyenera kukhala mogwirizana ndi malingaliro. Kupanda kutero, zotsatira zomwe mukufuna sizikugwira ntchito.
Barberry imakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew ndi dzimbiri. Matenda oyamba ndi fungal nawonso amathandizidwa mosavuta ndi biofungicides akagwiritsidwa ntchito mogwirizana ndi malingaliro. Zida zodziwika bwino zachilengedwe zolimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi powdery mildew ndi Trichopolum, Phyto-Doctor, Mikosan, Phytosporin, Bactofit, Alirin ndi ena. Asanathenso ndikatha kukolola, tchire zimathiridwa ndi madzi 1% yankho la Bordeaux fluid.
