Azalea chifukwa cha maluwa ake obiriwira ndi imodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri zamkati. Koma, mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti nthawi ikatha, chomera chimayamba kufa, chifukwa azalea wamkati ndi duwa lopatsa chidwi. Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino kuti mbewuyo isayambe kuuma ndi kutaya masamba ake. Ndipo,, chifukwa cha zoyesayesa zanu, Azalea adzakuyamikirani kwambiri ndi maluwa osangalatsa kwambiri.
Kuchokera m'mbiri ya mbewu
Duwa lamkati nthawi zonse amakhala, nthambi yobiriwira yabwino kwambiri. Kwawo ndi Japan ndi China, koma amathanso kupezeka kumwera kwa Europe ndi North America. Azalea am'nyumba ndi amtundu wa rhododendrons. Rhododendron kuchokera ku Greek "Rhodon" amayimira duwa, ndipo "dendron" amayimira mtengo. Kupanda kutero, rosewood. "Azalea" latanthauziridwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo chachi Greek - youma. Amatchedwa choncho chifukwa mawonekedwe ake, monga lamulo, ndi shrub laling'ono louma. Amawonekera ku Russia kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, koyambirira adangokhala m'minda yazomera ndi malo obiriwira.
Kuthengo, kuli pafupifupi nthumwi za azaleas pafupifupi 350, koma Pali mitundu iwiri yokha yamkati:
Azalea aku India (ambiri). Ndi shrub yobiriwira nthawi zonse yomwe imakula mpaka 50 cm. Masamba ali obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi petioles lalifupi osaposa masentimita 3.5. Amakutidwa ndi tsitsi lofiirira ku azalea. Maluwa oterewa amaphuka nthawi yozizira, maluwa awo amafikira mainchesi 3 mpaka 5 cm.- Azalea aku Japan nawonso ndi chitsamba chobiriwira, chotalika 30 mpaka 50 cm. Masamba ake ndi ang'ono, owala. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku mitundu yapitayi ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Chitsamba ichi chimatha kusungidwa m'mundamo.
Azalea aku India (ambiri). Ndi shrub yobiriwira nthawi zonse yomwe imakula mpaka 50 cm. Masamba ali obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi petioles lalifupi osaposa masentimita 3.5. Amakutidwa ndi tsitsi lofiirira ku azalea. Maluwa oterewa amaphuka nthawi yozizira, maluwa awo amafikira mainchesi 3 mpaka 5 cm.M'nyumba azalea limamasula kwambiri wazaka 3 mpaka 4. Amakhala ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri a pinki, komanso nthawi zambiri oyera-oyera, ofiirira, otetezedwa, ofiirira, amakhalanso amtali-awiri. Maluwa a maluwa azipinda za chipinda amatha kukhala awiri, pang'ono pawiri, osalala. Masamba a azalea ndi ochepa komanso amtundu wobiriwira wakuda.
Kupeza maluwa okongola kwambiri mkati mwa azalea, ndibwino kuti musankhe yomwe ili ndi masamba osawerengeka, chomera choterocho chimatha kusintha malowedwe ena ndikuwasangalatsa maluwa ake okongola kwanthawi yayitali.
Muyeneranso kuunika bwino chomera cha tizirombo ndi matenda. Mwa kuyala mbewuyo pang'ono, mutha kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa masamba owuma, omwe akuwonetsa chisamaliro chosakwanira, matendawa.
Azalea: kusamalira kunyumba
Kuti maluwa azalea okongola nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira onetsetsani chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba kuseri kwa duwa lamkati.
Kuwala
Choyamba, mutagula maluwa amkati, muyenera kupeza malo abwino. Popeza ali ndi zithunzi zambiri, koma akuwonongeka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, malo abwino omwe angakhalepo pazenera lakum'mawa, ngati njira kuchokera mbali zakumpoto ndi kumadzulo. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kukumbukira mukachoka ndichakuti kuunika kuyenera kumwazikana, ndipo mthunzi wocheperako ulinso woyenera.
Pakapangidwa masamba (Okutobala - Novembala), chisamaliro chimayenera kuthandizidwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti pali kuwunikira okwanira, mwachitsanzo, kuwunikira nyumba ndi nyali za fluorescent.
Kutentha
Mukamasamalira azalea, muyenera kudziwa kuti gawo lalikulu limaseweredwa kusunga kutentha koyenera. Izi zanyumba sizimakonda kutentha, 15-18 0С - kutentha kofunikira kwa icho, ndipo pamene budding imakhala yotsika kwambiri - kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 12 0С. Chifukwa cha izi, maluwa amatha kuthandizidwa, ndipo amatenga nthawi yayitali komanso ochulukirapo.
M'chilimwe, azalea ndizovuta kupulumutsa kuchokera kutentha, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, ndikufunika kuyiyika pakhonde (pokhapokha ngati palibe kumbali yakumwera) kapena, ngati pali chowongolera mpweya wapanyumba, yesani kusunga kutentha osapitirira 20 0C.
Chinyezi
Imafunikira chinyezi chokwanira, chifukwa mbewu iyi nthawi zambiri imakonda kutsanulira pang'ono madzi ozizira kuchokera mfuti yafuka. Pamene maluwa a azalea, muyenera kuwaza iwo mosamala, chifukwa maluwa osalimba amatha kutuluka m'madzi. Akasinja amadzi atayikidwa mozungulira chithandizochi kuti atuluke.
M'nyengo yotentha, amadzimva kuti ali kunja kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, m'munda. Chinyezi chimayenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi nthawi yotentha.
Kuthirira
Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posamalira chomera chilichonse, chimakhudza kakulidwe, kakulidwe kazomera. Azalea ndizopindulitsa kwambiri, kotero kuti tisawononge, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo otsirira awa:
Ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse, makamaka zochulukirapo panthawi ya maluwa.- Musalole kuti dothi liume. Azalea amakonda nthaka yonyowa. Koma ngati izi zitachitika mwadzidzidzi, mutha kutsitsa maluwa mumphika wokhala ndi madzi ochepa ofunda ndipo patapita maola angapo amatenga madzi momwe angafunire.
- Musamachulukitse nthaka. Ndikofunikira kuthira madzi omwe adasunthira poto, apo ayi nthitiyo imavunda.
- Ndikofunikira kuthirira ndi madzi apampopi, omwe atsalira masiku angapo, chlorine amatha kutuluka ndipo sangawononge azalea wamkati. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito kusungunula madzi ozizira kuthirira.
- Mutha kuthirira kawiri (osati kangapo) pamwezi ndi madzi oyimirira ndi madontho awiri kapena atatu a mandimu - izi zipangitsa kuti maluwa azaleas apamwamba akhale abwino kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse, makamaka zochulukirapo panthawi ya maluwa.Dothi la Azalea
Izi zofunikira zanyumba acid nthaka ph kuyambira 4 mpaka 4.5. Kusakaniza kwa malo okonzeka kumagulidwa m'masitolo apadera popanda mavuto. Koma dothi limakonzedwanso kunyumba mosakhudzika ndi singano zowola, moss ndi mchenga (2: 1: 1).
Kudula ndi kumatula azaleas
Kuti chipangike bwino komanso chitsamba kupangika, komanso maluwa okongola kwambiri, ndikofunikira kusamalira moyenera, kumadula nthambi zake ndikuzidulira. Pambuyo maluwa, maluwa onse amodzi ayenera kuchotsedwa. Kuyambira mu Meyi, muyenera kudula mphukira zatsopano ndikutsina pang'onopang'ono. Cholinga chachikulu cha chisamaliro ichi ndikuti masamba aphulike pamitu ya mphukira.
Kuchepetsa ndikofunikira ndi secateurs apadera. Sikoyenera kudula nthambi zonse, koma okhawo omwe ali otambasuka. Monga lamulo, masamba achichepere ayamba kuwonekera masabata angapo mutadulira.
Zovala zapamwamba za Azalea komanso zokupatsani mphamvu za kukula
Ndikofunikira kudyetsa izi feteleza wa mchere, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mulibe chlorine, apo ayi iwononge. Ndikwabwino kugula zovala zapamwamba za Azalea m'masitolo apadera. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, muyenera kudyetsa kamodzi (osatinso) pa sabata, ndipo nthawi yozizira nthawi imodzi yokha kwa masiku 30. Masamba akayamba kupanga ngakhale nthawi yamaluwa azalea, muyenera kugula feteleza wokhala ndi potaziyamu wokwanira, phosphorous, mwachitsanzo, Uniflor-bud, Kemira-lux.
Thirani
Pambuyo pa maluwa oyamba, ndibwino kuti ndikulitsa izi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala, kudzera munjira yakusinthira, Kutulutsa pansi kuchokera pansi, ali ndi mizu yopyapyala kwambiri ndipo ndiyosavuta kuwonongeka. Muyenera kusankha poto yosaya kuti chipinda azalea chikhale, kuti mizu ikhale pafupi ndi dothi.
Monga lamulo, mbewu zazing'ono amazika kamodzi pachaka, ndipo achikulire - kamodzi kokha zaka zitatu. Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zouma, maluwa, nthambi.
Kubalalitsa kwa Azalea
Duwa lakunja kufalitsidwa ndi tsinde kudula. Ndikofunika kuchita izi m'chilimwe. Kuti tichite izi, odulidwa pang'ono-okhala ndi masamba omwe alipo kale amabzala pansi, ndikofunikira kuphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi, thumba la pulasitiki. Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndizambiri komanso nthawi zonse. Ngati maluwa ayoneka, amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Pakatha miyezi ingapo, muzu wakuzika mizu udabzalidwa, uyenera kubzalidwa mumphika. Wotambasuka akuwombera pazodulidwa mizu kuti apange korona.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta azalea
Matenda amawoneka chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera: kuthirira kosakwanira kwa chomera, kuyang'ana dzuwa, kutentha m'chipinda chomwe duwa limakhalapo, kusowa kuwala, dothi losayenera. Matenda Azikhalidwe:
Ngati masamba afota, chikasu, amagwa, ndiye chifukwa chake ndikulephera kuthirira mbewuyo kapena dzuwa. Mukayamba kutsatira malamulo othirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuyatsa, vutoli lidzatha.- Ngati dzimbiri kapena imvi zowola zatulukira, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kuti duwa likhalepo ndikudula masamba owonongeka.
- Maluwa ake akangotuluka chikasu, amayamba kuzimiririka ndikugwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti madzi abwino akumwa madzi. Mutha kukonza izi ngati mumathirira ndi madzi owiritsa ndi feteleza apadera.
- Chifukwa chambiri chinyezi m'nthaka, azalea nthawi zambiri imakhudzanso mochedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu adzafe.
Ngati masamba afota, chikasu, amagwa, ndiye chifukwa chake ndikulephera kuthirira mbewuyo kapena dzuwa. Mukayamba kutsatira malamulo othirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuyatsa, vutoli lidzatha.Spider nthata, scute, sitiroberi nthata - tizirombo tomwe titha kuwononga azalea wamkati. Polimbana, ndikofunikira kukongoletsa duwa lanyumba mwanjira zapadera. Choyamba muyenera kupanga masamba a masamba ndi yankho la sopo, kenako muzitsuka ndi madzi ofunda kenako muyenera kuwaza ndi mankhwala omwe mwapeza (mwachitsanzo, yankho la Actellik).
