Chomera cha herbaceous Tricyrtis (Tricyrtis) ndi nthumwi ya banja la Liliaceae. Mwachilengedwe, amapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Japan ndi Himalayas. Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, mtunduwu umagwirizanitsa mitundu 10-20, zina mwa izo ndi zomwe zimalimidwa ndi wamaluwa pansi pa dzina la "munda orchid". Dzinali la mtunduwu limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek lomwe limamasuliridwa kuti "tubercles", izi ndichifukwa choti duwa limakhala ndi timitsempha itatu. Tritsirtis imadziwikanso kuti "kakombo kakang'ono," chidziwitso ndichakuti pali achule pazakudya za aku Filipinos, ndipo kuti awagwire, amapaka khungu lawo ndi msuzi wa duwa ili, chifukwa fungo lake limakopa amphibians. Tricirtis inayamba kubzala kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, koma idayamba kutchuka m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri.
Zolemba za Tricirtis
Tritsirtis ndi mbewu yosatha, yokhala ndi nthangala zazifupi. Mphukira zopanda masamba ndizowongoka, nthawi zina zimakhala ngati nthambi. Masamba a masamba a Sedentary omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse (palinso ena omwe amakhala ndi tsinde), amakhala ndi ovoid kapena oblong mawonekedwe. Masamba nthawi zina amakhala owoneka bwino. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe opakidwa utoto amatha kupaka zoyera, kirimu kapena chikasu, ndiwowoneka bwino komanso amodzi. Maluwa amakhala okha, ndipo amathanso kukhala gawo la ma umb-a inflorescence kapena ma bullets, amapezeka pamtunda wa mphukira kapena masamba obisika. Mu perianth, pamasamba akunja pali zikwama zazifupi kapena ma spurs, omwe ndi timadzi tating'ono. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lokwera, mkati mwake momwe muli mbewu zakuda kapena zofiirira.
Kubzala Tricirtis yakunja
Nthawi yobzala
Kuti mukule tricirtis, muyenera kufesa mbewu mukakolola m'nthaka, ndipo zimachitika nyengo yachisanu isanachitike. Ngati, pazifukwa zina, kufesa kumayimitsidwa mpaka kumapeto, ndiye kuti mbewu zisanabzalidwe ziyenera kutalikidwenso, chifukwa zimayikidwa padera la firiji yomwe idapangidwira masamba kwa masabata 6-8. Chikhalidwe ichi chimafalitsidwa ndi njira zamasamba, zomwe zidzafotokozedwera pansipa.
Malamulo akumalo
Malo oyenera kubzala azikhala pamalo otetezedwa pansi pa mitengo yayikulu. Patsamba pamayenera kukhala dothi lotayirira lodzaza ndi masamba humus ndi peat. Komanso mbewu izi zimatha kukhala dothi lakuda. Dziwani kuti pafupifupi theka la tsiku malowo akuyenera kuyatsidwa ndi dzuwa. Komanso malowa azitetezedwa ku mphepo iliyonse, komanso kuchokera kukakonzekera. Tritsirtis amatithandizanso kukokoloka chinyontho m'nthaka. Mukakulitsa mitundu ya mochedwa, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amafunika kuyatsa kwabwino kwambiri, chowonadi ndichakuti chifukwa cha kucha koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira, njira yopangira masamba ndi maluwa imatha kusokonezeka.
Mbeu zake ziyenera kuyikidwa m'munda wopanda masentimita 0,3 okha, ndiye kuti mbewu ziyenera kuthiriridwa mosamala. Zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba zimaphukira kwa zaka 2-3.
Kusamalira tricirtis m'munda
Ngakhale wolima novice azitha kukulitsa tritsirtis pachiwembu chake, popeza palibe chomwe chimapangitsa izi. Ndibwino kwambiri ngati maluwa obzalidwa patsamba lomwe limakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za mbewuyi. Kusamalira chomera choterocho ndikosavuta, kotero muyenera kuthiririra, kudyetsa, udzu, kumasula dothi pakati pa tchire ndikuchotsa maluwa owuma panthawi yake.
Momwe mungamwere ndi kudyetsa
Ngakhale kuti chikhalidwechi chimaletsa chilala, chimakonda chinyontho. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kuthirira mwadongosolo ambiri, makamaka ngati kuli chilala chomwe sichitha. Pakathirira gwiritsani ntchito madzi osakhazikika, omwe amayenera kutentha bwino padzuwa. Thirani madzi mosamala, pansi pa muzu. Madzi akanyowetsedwa m'nthaka, amalimbikitsidwa kuti amasulidwe, komanso, ngati pakufunika kuthandizira, akumalira. Alimi odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa amalangiza kuti mudzaze nthaka yonse ndi mulch, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati manyowa kapena humus, sizingangoletsa nthaka kutenthedwa, chinyezi chitha kutulutsa msanga, udzu udzu uzikula mwachangu, komanso udzakhala gwero la michere ya tricirtis.
Ngati angafune, chikhalidwe ichi sichingathe kudyetsedwa konse. Koma muyenera kudziwa kuti imayankha bwino kwambiri kuvala kwapamwamba ndi feteleza wazachilengedwe komanso zovuta za mchere. Manyowa atsopano odyetsa saloledwa.
Thirani
Nthawi zambiri, maluwa oterowo safunikanso kuwaika, makamaka ngati angalandire mwatsatanetsatane pakuvala komanso maluwa. Komabe, ngati tritsirtis ikuyenera kuikidwa, kuti poyambira mudzapeza malo oyenera kwambiri, kulipira mwatcheru nthaka, iyenera kukhala acidic, ndipo iyenera kukhala ndi organic and peat.
Kufalikira kwa Tricirtis
Kubadwanso kwachikhalidwe ichi ndi njira yofotokozedwera mwatsatanetsatane pamwambapa. Imodzi ndi kufalikira kwachitsamba, mutha kupanga zipatso zake. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani tchire m'nthaka, chotsani nthaka yotsalira papulogalamu yake, komanso mizu yowuma komanso yowola. Kenako chitsamba chimagawika pakati kapena magawo angapo, ndipo aliyense wa iwo azikhala ndi mphukira ndi mizu. Malo omwe mabala amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi malasha osweka, ndiye kuti zodulidwazo zibzalidwe m'zitsime zomwe zimakonzedwa kale. Mabowo amayenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi lachonde, kenako mbewu zobzalidwa zimathiridwa madzi ambiri.
Zisanu
Tritsirtis amafunika pogona nyengo yachisanu. Kuteteza tchire ku chisanu, ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi peat kapena agrofiber. Madera akumwera, komwe nyengo yake ndi yofunda ndipo nyengo yotentha imakhala yotentha, makamaka, tricirtis nthawi yachisanu silingaphimbidwe, koma wamaluwa odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsabe, chifukwa imatha kuvutika ngati chipale chofewa chimagwa nthawi yachisanu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Tricirtis amalimbana ndi matenda. Komabe, ngati yakula mu dothi lolemera ndikuthilira kwambiri, mizu yake imatha kuvunda chifukwa cha kusayenda kwamadzi. Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, mchenga uyenera kuwonjezeredwa kunthaka musanabzalire pakukula. Komanso yesani kukonza njira yothirira kuti madzi m'nthaka asasunthike.
Zowoneka bwino ndi mabowo zimatha kuvulaza mbewuyo, sizimangodulira mabowo mumbale za masamba, komanso zimangoyambira pokhapokha patali. Ma gastropod adzayenera kusungidwa ndi manja. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti pamwamba pa dothi lozungulira tchire lakutidwa ndi khungwa la mtengo lalikulu kapena tizilomboti tophwanyika, tizirombo tofananira timayenda movutikira.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya tricirtis yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Wamaluwa amalima mitundu yonseyo ndi mitundu iwiri yamitundu mitundu.
Waku Tricyrtis wa ku Taiwan (Tricyrtis formosana), kapena Formosa Tricyrtis
Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi 0.8 metres. Pamwamba pa mphukira ndi fleecy. Pamwamba pa masamba obiriwira owoneka ngati masamba obiriwira, pamakhala timitengo tofiira tofiirira. Pamaso pa maluwawo ndi utoto wa pinki kapena wamtambo-wamtambo wokhala ndi utoto wokhala ndi timabowo tofiirira.
Tricyrtis chikasu (Tricyrtis flava = Tricyrtis yatabeana)
Mtunduwu umachokera ku nkhalango zamapiri za Japan. Pamwamba pa tsinde ndi laubweya, ndipo kutalika kwake kumatha kusiyana ndi 0.25 mpaka 0.5 metres. Ma apical inflorescences amakhala ndi maluwa achikasu, monga lamulo, amakhala a monochromatic, koma nthawi zina amakhala amtoto. Mtunduwu pakadali pano si wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa.
Hairst Tricyrtis (Tricyrtis pilosa = Tricyrtis maculata = Tricyrtis elegance)
Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi a Himalayas, pomwe izi zimatha kupezeka pamalo okwera mpaka mikono 2,000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi 0.6-0.7 metres. Pamunsi pamiyeso ya pepala lalifupi-lanceolate pali pubescence. Apical inflorescence a maluwa oyera, pamwamba pomwepo pali mawanga akulu amtoto wofiirira. Mtunduwu siwodziwika kwambiri ndi omwe amalima maluwa.
Ma tritsirtis okhala ndi miyendo yayitali (Tricyrtis macropoda)
Mwachilengedwe, mtunduwu umapezeka ku madera otentha a Japan ndi China. Kutalika kwa thengo kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0.4 mpaka 0.7 m. Tsinde la mawonekedwe a cylindrical kumtunda kwake ndi pubescent. Kutalika kwa masamba okhala ndi tsinde ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 13, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 3- 6; ali ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid kapena oblong. Ma terminal ndi axillary inflorescence amapanga maluwa oyera onunkhira, pamwamba pake pomwe pali malo ambiri ofiirira. Maluwa ndi ofupikirapo kuposa ma pedicels.
Broadleaf tricirtis (Tricyrtis latifolia = Tricyrtis bakeri)
Malo obadwira kumtunduwu ndi nkhalango zamitundumitundu za Japan ndi China. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi mamitala 0.6. Pamaso pa masamba obiriwira owoneka ngati mazira pali timadontho ta utoto wakuda, womwe umawonekera kwambiri koyambirira kwenikweni. Mtunduwu umayamba kuphuka kale kuposa mitundu ina ya tricirtis. Maluwa amatengedwa mumakutu kwambiri, amapaka utoto wobiriwira ndi woyera, ndipo pamaso pawo pamawoneka mthunzi wakuda.
Tricyrtis wokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi (Tricyrtis hirta), kapena tricirtis hirta (Uvularia hirta)
Mtunduwu umachokera ku subtropics ku Japan. Ndiye wotchuka koposa onse. Kutalika kwa tchire kumatha kusiyana kuchokera pa 0.4 mpaka 0.8 m. Pamwamba pa tsinde la cylindrical pamakhala kachulukidwe kakang'ono, kamakhala ndi mulu waufupi. Kutalika kwa masamba ake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 15, ndipo m'lifupi ndi pafupifupi masentimita 5, ali ndi mawonekedwe a elliptical kapena wide-lanceolate, ndipo pamwamba pawo palinso pubescence, yokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Masamba omwe ali kumtunda kwa mphukirawo ndiwosangalatsa. Maluwa amatha kukhala osakwatiwa kapena osakankhidwa mutizidutswa tambiri, amakula pamwamba pa mphukira kapena m'machisa. Pamaso pa maluwa oyera pamakhala mitundu yambiri ya utoto wofiirira. Mitundu yamunda:
- Masamuna wamatsitsi wamfupi - chitsamba chiribe kuperewera;
- wamfupi wamatsitsi - pamtunda wa maluwa, madontho amakhala ndi mtundu wakuda kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu yayikulu, ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana kale.
Koma odziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndi hybrids amtunduwu wa tritsirtis:
- Kukongola kwamdima. Zosiyanazi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhazikika kwake. Maluwa ndi otuwa pinki, ndipo pamwamba pawo pali unyinji waukulu wautoto wakuda.
- Rasipiberi mousse. Maluwa ndi ofiirira ansalu, opanda timawuti.
- Blue Haven. Chikopa. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi belu amakhala ndi masikono otuwa a lalanje ndi ma pichesi ofiira. Pansi pake, pamakhala miyala ya buluu, ndipo pamwamba pake pamakhala chikaso, pang'onopang'ono amatembenukira utoto ndi nsonga zamtambo.
- Kukongola Kwambiri. Pamaso pa maluwa oyera pamakhala malo ambiri ofiirira.
Zotchuka kwambiri ndizina monga: Mayazaki, White Towers, Laylek Towers, Kohaku, Milky Way Galaxy ndi ena.
