Kanyumba kamnyengo kamalimwe kafika, ndipo mbewu iliyonse imayesetsa kudziulula. Maluwa, izi zimachitika pambuyo pobala mwana. Phulusa, dyetsani mbewuzo mwamphamvu ndipo pitani mumithunzi, ndikupatsa mbadwo watsopano. Salvia imatsegula maluwa ake obiriwira kutalika kwa chilimwe, pomwe tizilombo touluka tomwe timakhala ndi thunzi yayitali timagwira kwambiri. Ndi maluwa ake opambana, amasangalatsa ndikusangalala. Kodi kukula salvia, kupanga?
Chiyambi ndi kulima salvia
Salvia ndi sage ndi banja limodzi la cinquefoil. Duwa limamasuliridwa monga chizindikiro cha kufunikira kwake - kukhala wathanzi. Kuthandiza kwa sage kumadziwika kwa ambiri. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kuyambira ku Egypt wakale. Salvia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mitundu yokongoletsera yomwe imakhala ndi makolo wamba omwe ali ndi tchire. Kuphatikiza apo, ku Europe, sage amatchedwa salvia.
Chomera cha mitundu yambiri chimalimidwa ndipo ndi chomera chakumera kwa America ndi Europe. Mitundu yambiri imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yoposa 900. Pakati pa salvia palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hallucinogenic. Chomera chimakonda malo owala ndi dothi lopepuka.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira salvia
Kuwonongeka kwamatawuni sikungachite popanda salvia pazifukwa zambiri:
- Salvia limamasula mosalekeza komanso nthawi yonse yotentha mpaka chisanu.
- Chomera chokongoletsera bwino sichimakula ndipo chimagwira bwino ntchito zake.
- Kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kuchokera ku mayendedwe sikukhudza kukongoletsa kwa mtengowo.
- Kusankha mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ya inflorescence, mutha kupanga chilichonse.
Koma wamaluwa omwe amayamba kubzala salvia kunyumba nthawi yachisanu ikungokhalanso ndi chikondi chomera. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wofiira wopambana, ma panicles a salvia akuwomba pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mutha kupanga kotsika kwamitundu yambiri, ndikusankha salvia malinga ndi kutalika kwa tchire. Koma gawo lalikulu lopezera maluwa yayitali ndi kulima mbande za salvia.
Kodi kubzala salvia pa mbande ndi liti
Chomera cham'mera pachaka chachinayi, chifukwa chake chimadzala mchaka chokha pofesa mu February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi. Mbewu za Salvia zitha kugulidwa m'sitolo yapadera, kapena mutha kuzipeza nokha. Amatha maluwa atagwa masiku 50. Kumera kwa mbeu kumatenga zaka 5.
Ndibwinonso kugula mbewu zamtundu wina m'masitolo odziwika
Asanabzale mbewu, ndikofunikira kukonzekera mtengowo kwa mbande. Ziyenera kukhala zopepuka komanso zopatsa thanzi. Masabata awiri musanafesere salvia kuti mbande, dothi liyenera kuthandizidwa ndikumapangidwa komwe kumathandizira kuti nthaka igone. Finyani nthaka, inyowetsani ndikupanga supuni pachidebe cha mankhwala EM-1 Baikal. Pakupita milungu iwiri, nthaka yofunda idzakhala yachonde, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, mbande zokhala ngati udzu zidzatuluka, zomwe mbewu zake padziko lapansi zidzagwedezeka.
Ikani bokosilo ndi dothi lokonzedwa mu pallet, mulingo ndikubzala mbewu zazing'ono za salvia zosakanizika ndi mchenga kuti zitha kugawidwanso. Pofuna kukanikiza njerezo pansi, nyowetsani pansi ndi sipinira yabwino kuchokera pamwamba ndikuphimba pansi kuti tisunge chinyontho. Kubzala ndikusamalira salvia panthawi yamera wamera ndikofunikira kuti ipezenso mbande zabwino.
Kuwombera kumawonekera masiku 10-14. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira dziko lapansi panthawiyi, kuti ziletso zisawonongeke. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika kudzera poto. Dziko lapansi kudzera m'mabowo amadzaza ndi chinyezi, ndiye kukhetsa madziwo poto kuti pasakhale chinyezi chowonjezera.
Nthawi yamere, pewani kutalika kwa mbewu kuti ikhale chingwe ndi pogona.
Mbande zomwe zili mu gawo la cotyledon zimatha kutambalala ngati zili m'malo otetezedwa kapena kutentha kwambiri. Kenako ndikofunikira kuwonjezera nthaka kumera uliwonse, kupewa kugwa. Kuthirira patsogolo popanda kunyowetsa tsamba. Mukamakula mbande za salvia mu nthanga, nthawi imeneyi imadziwika kuti ndi yofunika kwambiri. Kuwunikira, kutentha kochepetsedwa kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muthe kumera mbande zolimba poyambira kubzala
Kutola kwa salvia kuchokera kumbewu kumayenera kuchitika pambuyo pa kuwonekera masamba awiri kapena owona, ndikumakulitsa mphukira mpaka masamba a cotyledon. Choyambirira choyamba chimakhala chidebe chimodzi pamtunda wa 5 cm pakati pa mbewu. Kuchepetsa kwachiwiri kwa mbewu kumachitika m'mwezi umodzi mosiyanasiyana makapu, ndikuwoneka bwino ndi phala, popeza amayenera kupanga asanathe mwezi ndi theka.
Kaya ndikofunikira kuthira feteleza pomera mbande zikuwonetsa mtundu wa mbewu. Ngati chitsamba sichikula bwino, mutha kumudyetsa ndi michere ya maluwa osafunikira kwenikweni. Koma paziyankhira zilizonse, nthaka yachonde imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo zakudya zimayenera kukhala zokwanira.
Mukabzala ndi kusamalira salvia, muyenera kuyambitsa chomera chake. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa masamba awiri a 3-4 a masamba enieni, pamwamba amayenera kukhomekedwa kuti apereke mwayi kuti ayambe kupanga mphukira za axillary. Nthawi yomweyo, konzani muli ndi mbewu kuti pasasungike. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo, matenthedwe usiku amatsitsidwa mpaka madigiri 10, amasintha mchere usanakwere pansi.
Chifukwa chake, kuti tikuze mbande za salvia kuchokera ku mbewu, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitika:
- konzani nthaka yabwino ndi mbewu yabwino;
- yang'anani kutentha kwa kayendedwe ka kutentha ndi kuwunikira nthawi iliyonse kukula;
- kupewa kuchulukana kwambiri komanso kunyowa kwambiri kwa dziko lapansi;
- pakudula pachomera.
Kubzala mbande za Salvia mu nthaka
Kubzala ndikusamalira salvia poyera kumakhala posankha malo oyenerera bedi la maluwa kapena rabatka. Malowa akuyenera kuyatsidwa bwino, dothi ndi lopepuka komanso lachonde, lopanda chinyezi. Pokhala maluwa obiriwira, mutha kuwonjezera feteleza wa phosphorous-potashi munthawi yomweyo. Mukamatera, onjezani alendo okhala ndi phulusa, spoonful of superphosphate ndi lita imodzi yovunda bwino. Sinthani mosamala chitsamba ndikuchikulitsa pang'ono. Thirani ndi madzi ofunda ndikuphimba kuchokera ku dzuwa kwa masiku angapo, mpaka mbewuyo itazika mizu kapena chomera nyengo yamvula.
Zomera zimayikidwa 20-30 masentimita kutengera kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi kutengera kwake nthambi. Kuthirira mbewu ndi moyenera, pakuumitsa padziko lapansi chikomokere, kuthirira kwamadzi kuyenera kuchitidwa madzulo okha. Maluwa a chomera amapezeka patatha masiku 100-120 atamera ndipo sanayime mpaka chisanu. Maluwa amakhala ochulukirapo ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa komanso kukulitsa kuvala kwapamwamba kosavomerezeka pamankhwala a EM-1 Baikal.
Tizilombo ndi matenda a chomera.
Salvia samakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imangoyenera kumenya nkhondo ndi tizilombo tina tomwe tidakhazikitsa. Tizirombo touluka ndi ma thukuta. Chifukwa chake, kubzala salvia kuyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi ndiwo zamasamba, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo bulongowiyonso amakhalanso. Kuphatikiza apo, tchire limatha kukhala ngati nsabwe, nthata za akangaude. Zomera zokongoletsera zimavutika. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala amphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe ndi bwino osagwiritsa ntchito zamasamba nthawi ya zipatso.
Nkhono ndi ma slgs amakonda kudya masamba apamwamba a salvia. Ngati zilipo m'mundamo, ndibwino osati kuti maluwo azizigwira. Njira yakale kwambiri ya misampha ku khungwa ndi slate, yokhazikitsidwa ndi tchire ingathandize. Koma mumtsuko womwe muli mowa ndi zipatso zamadzimadzi, ngakhale mabuluni oyandikana nawo amatha kukwawa.
