Chojambula chokongoletsa choyenera cha dziko lililonse kapena chiwembu cha anthu chimakhala maluwa okongola, osalala a Gaillardia. Chomera chokongola chamuyaya ichi chimamasuka kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo chimachita zinthu mosasamala. Ngakhale mlimi amene wayamba kumene akhoza kukongoletsa ngodya zilizonse zamdimba wama maluwa ndi gaillardia kapenanso kupanga maluwa okongoletsedwa ndi dzuwa. Zomwe zimatsala ndikusankha maluwa osiyanasiyana omwe angakopeke kapena kutengera mawonekedwe a dimba.
Kufotokozera, mitundu ndi mitundu ya gailardia yokhala ndi chithunzi
Chomera ndi chitsamba chosokosera icho imatha kukula mpaka 50-70 cm. Nthambi zake zopindika zimazungulira masamba oyambira a lanceolate. Inflorescence amakula pamalangizo a mphukira, pomwe mabowo amadzala ndi maluwa pambuyo podziika maluwa.
Maluwa akuluakulu komanso osazolowereka ali ndi mitundu yooneka bwino. Pakati amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana mithunzi, koma malire ake nthawi zonse amakhala achikasu. Gailardia amayamba kuphuka kumayambiriro kwa Juni ndipo amasangalala ndi mtundu wake wowala mpaka chisanu. Mutha kubzala dimba m'munda, pakhonde kapena kunyumba.
Kukula m'chilengedwe mitundu yoposa 25 ya gaillardia. Pazomera zamaluwa, mitundu itatu yokha ya mbewu yabwino kwambiriyi ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Wophatikiza osatha wa dzuwa
Chomera chotchuka kwambiri, chomwe ndi chifukwa chodutsa spinosa gailardia ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yamtchire yamtunduwu. Zophatikiza ndi chitsamba mpaka 70-80 masentimita kukwera, mphukira iliyonse yomwe imazunguliridwa ndi masamba apamwamba a pubescent lanceolate.
Mabasiketi amaluwa kapena theka-kawiri wamaluwa azunguliridwa ndi mitundu ofiira ofiira, ofiira, amtali, lalanje kapena amtambo wakuda. Maluwa oyamba amayamba kutulutsa kumayambiriro kwa Juni. Maluwa amatalika mpaka miyezi iwiri. Pakati wamaluwa kwambiri Mitundu yosakanizidwa ndi yotchuka:
- Zone "Zosiyanasiyana" ndi mbewu yokhala ndi maluwa awiri ofika mpaka 60 cm. Ma inflorescences m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita 10. Ziphuphu zakuda zachikasu kapena zachikasu zagolide.
- "Kobold" yosiyanasiyana ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi zitsamba zazikulu ndi zotuwa zazikulu, zachikaso zokhala ndi makaso owala ofiira. Kutalika kumafika pafupifupi 40 cm.
- Zosiyanasiyana "Arizona San" ndi chomera chocheperako chokha masentimita 20. Chimamasuka kwambiri kuyambira koyambirira kwa chilimwe mpaka matalala kwambiri.
- Mitundu ya Primavera ndi chomera chophuka mpaka 25c. 25 Matupi asanu ndi atatu okhala ndi mabasiketi mpaka masentimita 12 amatha kupanga kuchokera pakatundu kamodzi.
- Mitundu "Burgunder" imasiyanitsidwa ndi inflorescence yowala, yayikulu yakuda yokhala ndimaso achikasu.
- Mtundu wa Tokajer ndiwosakhazikika pomwe mphukira zake zimakongoletsedwa ndi mabasiketi owala a lalanje.
- "Gold Gobin" wosiyanasiyana ndi mtengo wodabwitsa wokhala ndi inflorescence yachikaso. Limamasamba kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali.
Gaillardia spinosa
Chomera chosatha ochokera ku North America imakhala ndi timabowo tambiri tomwe timayang'ana pansi pa chitsamba. Masamba oyambira amatha kukhala lanceolate, oval kapena oblong. Dongosolo la inflorescence imodzi limafikira masentimita 12. Maluwa a lalanje, achikasu kapena ofiira amatulutsa kumayambiriro kwa June. Chitsamba cha gaylardia spinosa chimakula mpaka masentimita 30-75. Mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri tingaone kuti:
- "Dazzer" osiyanasiyana - mbewu yomwe ili ndi maluwa amtundu wakuda wakuda. Malangizo a pamakhala achikasu.
- Mtundu wamtundu wa Virral umasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa a bango, omwe ma petals ake amakhala ofiira pakati komanso achikaso m'mphepete.
- "Mandarin" osiyanasiyana ndi chitsamba pa mphukira zomwe zimamera maluwa mabango ofiira.
Gaillardia ndi wokongola
Olima minda ambiri amalima m'minda yawo pachaka akufalitsa zokongola za Gaillardia. Pamwamba pamiyendo yake yayitali kwambiri mabasiketi mawonekedwem'mimba mwake momwe mumafika masentimita 6-7. Maluwa amakhala ndi miyala ya mabango, maziko ake ndi ofiira kapena ofiirira-apinki, ndipo m'mphepete mwake ndi achikasu. Gaillardia wokongola ali ndi mitundu ingapo:
- Utoto wa Gaillardia ndi mbewu yokhala ndi mitengo iwiri kapena iwiri ya bicolor inflorescence.
- Gaylardiya Lorenz amasiyana masentimita ena otentha, omwe amakhala ndi maluwa achikasu kapena maluwa achikasu.
Pakati pa mitundu yokongola ya Gaillardia, mutha kutero lembani kalasi "Plume Yellow" wokhala ndi maluwa awiri achikasu ndi mitundu "Red Plume" yokhala ndi maluwa okongoletsa ngati utoto wa mtundu wa terracotta.
Gailardia osatha: Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Chitsamba chosabzala chimatha kumera pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa dimba. Komabe, musanabzale gailardia, dothi liyenera kukonzedwa ndikuwupatsa mphamvu mukakumba ndi humus, feteleza wa mchere ndi phulusa lamatabwa. Chomera sichimakonda dothi louma komanso lonyowa, komanso kuthira manyowa atsopano.
Mbewu za Gailardia ziyenera kubzalidwe kosakhazikika pakati pa Ogasiti kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani madera ozungulira ndi dothi lotayidwa bwino. Zomera zimakonda dzuwa, motero zimakula bwino ndipo sizimachita pachimake.
Mtunda pakati pa maenje a mbewuzo uyenera kukhala wosachepera 20-25 cm. Mukatero, tchire limakula bwino, ndipo duwa ladzuwa liziwoneka bwino chaka chamawa. Gailardia akhoza kukhala wamkulu m'malo amodzi kwa zaka zinayi.
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira matenda osatha a chibadwidwe sikovuta. Ngati mbewu yabzalidwa pamalo owala bwino, ndiye kuti zina zonse zilibe kanthu.
Kusiya kumangokhala kuthirira tchire pamalo ouma komanso katatu pachaka. Gailardia akulimbikitsidwa kuti azilimbidwa ndi feteleza wosavuta pa nthawi ya budding, nthawi yamaluwa ndi mwezi umodzi isanayambike nyengo yozizira yoyamba. Manyowa atsopano sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu.
Kuti chomera chikule kwambiri, maluwa osafunikira amayenera kuchotsedwa munthawi yake. Pafupifupi mitundu yayitali ya gaillardia mukadzala, mutha kukhazikitsa zogwiriziza komwe zimayambira mtsogolo. Kupanda kutero, chitsamba chija chimayamba kugwa ndikuwoneka choyipa.
Pakatha pafupifupi zaka zinayi, gaillardia adzafunika kuziika kwinaku akufalitsa mbewuyo pogawa nthambizo.
Kufalitsa kwa Gaillardia
Chomera chimafalikira m'njira ziwiri:
- mbewu;
- kugawa chitsamba.
Njira yofalitsira masamba
Lash, tchire zakale zomwe zimagawika ndi ma genizomes. Mutha kupatulira tchire m'dzinja mutatha kudulira, kapena kasupe nthawi isanayambe.
Mbewuyo imakumbidwa ndikugawika magawo okhala ndi mizu yambiri komanso mphukira. Kudzala kwa Delenok kumachitika m'mabowo atsopano omwe amakonzedwa pasadakhale. Zomera zobzalidwa zimathiriridwa bwino.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Perennial Gaillardia poyera kufalitsidwa ndi kudzilimbitsa. Komabe, mtundu wa maluwa pamtchire watsopano amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi amayi. Kuti tipewe izi, kudziyika nokha kuyenera kuyesedwa. Kuti tichite izi, mu kugwa, mbewu zimasonkhanitsidwa ndikuziwuma.
Chapakatikati, ndikayamba kutentha, chiwembu chimagawidwa chifukwa chodzala mbewu, zomwe zimakumbidwa ndikuthiridwa mokwanira. Mbewu zofesedwa kuzama kosaposa 0,5-1 masentimita, apo ayi mwina sizingamere. Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, bedi lofesedwa limakutidwa ndi filimu kapena agrofiber.
Mbande zoyambirira zizioneka Masiku 11-12 mutabzala. Masamba enieni 2-3 akaonekera pazomera zazing'ono, adzafunika kuphukika. Gailardia wobzalidwa poyera amabzalidwa m'malo okhazikika kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa kapena kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa. Chomera chidzaphuka mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala.
Kubwezeretsa kwa pachaka gaillardia ndi mbewu
Chomera chamtundu uliwonse chimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu munyumba. Kubzala kumachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Mbewu zimayikidwa pamwamba pa osakaniza ndi dothi lonyowa ndikuwazidwa pang'ono ndi vermiculite. Mabokosi ambewu amaphimbidwa ndi polyethylene kapena galasi ndikuyika malo owala ndi kutentha kwa 20-23C. Pakufunika, dothi limanyowa.
Pakatha pafupifupi masiku 10 mpaka 14, mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera. Ma polyethylene adzafunika kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mabokosi okhala ndi mbande ayenera kusamukira kumalo ozizira. ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwa 18-20ะก. Kudula kumachitika pamene ma sheet awiri owona awonekera. Kusamalira mbewu ndikumunyowetsa nthaka ndikuwonjezera maola masana:
- Kuthirira mbande ndikofunikira pokhapokha dothi likauma.
- Masana masana a mbewu zazing'ono ayenera kukhala osachepera maola 14, apo ayi, chifukwa chinyontho komanso kusowa kwa kuwala, amatha kudwala imvi. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonetse mbande ndi nyali za fluorescent.
Kubzala mbande zamtundu wa Gailardia panthaka kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka Sepemba.
Perennial gaillardia angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa, rabatok, mapiri a alpine kapena maboxbox. Mitundu yotsika pang'ono imapangidwa ngati malire. Mutayang'anira chomera pang'ono pang'ono, mudzapeza zipatso zambiri, zamaluwa zazitali komanso zowala bwino.
