Gelenium ndi mtundu wa zomera za herbaceous, zonse pachaka komanso zamuyaya, za banja la Asteraceae. Mulinso mitundu 32 yobadwira ku North America. Amakhulupirira kuti adatcha duwa helenium polemekeza Helen wokongola.
Zambiri
Chomera ichi ndichofunika chifukwa maluwa ake amatha kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pomwe mulibe mitundu yambiri m'mundamo. Gelenium ili ndi masamba lanceolate. Maluwa a terry adakhala otentha kwambiri, kuyambira achikasu mpaka maluwa ofiirira.
Pa helenium osatha, mizu imamwaliranso patadutsa, koma masamba atsopano amawoneka kuchokera pansi panthaka panthawiyi, komwe padzakhale maluwa chaka chamawa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pali mitundu isanu yokha ya gelenium yomwe imalimidwa, yomwe idapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Gelenium Bigelow wamkulu pang'ono. Imakhala ndi mitengo yayitali kwambiri, pafupifupi mita, masamba apansi ndi maluwa okhala ndi maluwa achikasu mkati mwake, m'mimba mwake mwa inflorescence mpaka masentimita 6. Maluwa amachitika kumayambiriro kapena pakati pa chilimwe.
Spring gelenium imakulanso mpaka mita, kutalika kwake, maluwa amakula pang'ono kuposa amtundu wa Bigelow, ali ndi utoto wamalalanje, pakati pa duwa ndi la bulauni. Maluwa amagwa mu Meyi-Juni.
Gelenium Gupes kapena hupa imakhala ndi maluwa akulu achikasu ndi lalanje pakati. Maluwa amapezeka m'mwezi woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa chilimwe.
Gelenium yophukira mtundu womwe ndi wofala kuposa ena m'minda yathu. Zomwe zimayambira pa gelenium imeneyi zimakula kupitirira mita imodzi ndi theka ndikukhalira mitengo. Maluwa ndi akulu, achikaso. Maluwa amkati amtundu wakuda kwambiri. Limamasula kumapeto kwa chirimwe.
Wophatikiza Gelenium analengedwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma wamkuluyo amaonedwa kuti ndi yophukira. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamtunduwu ndi Rubinzvert wokhala ndi maluwa amtundu wa ruby.
Mayina ena omwe mwina mwamvapo, monga Gelenium Bandera, chithumwa chofiira, phaeton, kumayamayama ndi mitundu yochokera ku mitundu yapamwambayi.
Kubzala kunja kwa gelenium ndi chisamaliro
Gelenium ndi dimba la maluwa motero kusamalidwa ndi kubzala kwake kumachitika poyera. Mukakulitsa gelenium, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira ndikuti sichithana ndi gawo louma, choncho muyenera kuthirira maluwa bwino, makamaka masiku otentha.
Koma Gelenium sichimakondanso nthaka yonyowa, motero ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ivomerezedwe. Komanso, nthawi zina ndikofunika kumasula pang'ono nthaka ndikumasulira.
Manyowa Gelenium katatu. Woyamba - kuvala pamwamba pa nayitrogeni mu nthawi ya masika, nthawi yachisanu isungunuke. Lachiwiri kumapeto kwa masika. Pakadali pano, ndibwino kuphatikiza gelenium ndi organic kanthu - humus kapena urea. Kachitatu nthawi yamaluwa. Pano amagwiritsa ntchito mullein amadzimadzi, komanso Agricola-7, supuni ya malita 10 a madzi.
Mukugwa, potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate amadzidyetsa kuti adyetse, komanso supuni ya malita khumi.
Pofuna maluwa abwino komanso chitsamba chokongola, ndikofunikira kuchotsa inflorescence limp ndikuchotsa nsonga za mphukira. Zaka zingapo mutabzala, muyenera kumuyika Gelenium. Pakadali pano, zitha kufalitsidwa ndikugawa chitsamba.
Mbewu za Gelenium zimakololedwa mu kugwa, koma mvula isanayambe. Mutha kumvetsetsa ngati mbewu zakupsa ndi ma inflorescence - ngati mbewu zakhwima, ndiye kuti mafupowo adzayamba kuda, ndipo apakati adzayamba kuda. Koma, mwatsoka, mbewu zomwe mudatola sizingakhalepo, ndibwino kuti mugule m'masitolo.
Musanadye nyengo yachisanu, mbewuyo imadulidwa mpaka mainchesi khumi. Pamalo olimapo, utuchi umaphikidwa ndipo umakutidwa ndi lutrasil.
Kubala kwa Gelenium
Ndikofunikira kubzala chomera pomwe chisanu chikutha kwathunthu, ndiye kuti, osati koyambirira kwa Meyi. Malo omwe amafikira azikhala padzuwa, koma malo amdima adzatero.
Nthaka imafunika kutsanulidwa, acidity ndiyosaloledwa. Nthawi ina asanabzike, malowo amakumbidwa ndi kompositi. Kupumula kwa chomera kuyenera kukhala 2 mozu. Maluwa, asanabzalidwe kwa mphindi zingapo, amayikidwa m'madzi kuti zithetse chinyezi. Mtunda pakati pa maluwa uyenera kuonedwa m'dera la masentimita 30. Mutabzala, dothi limaphikidwa ndi humus kapena peat.
Ngati mbande zimapezeka ndi mbewu, ndiye kuti chaka choyamba mbewu sizimaphuka. Ndipo kumbukirani kuti mukamafalitsa mbewu, zilembo zamitundumitundu zimatayika, kotero maluwa osinthika ndi omwe amaphatikizidwa bwino kwambiri ndi njira yazomera.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Gelenium pafupifupi sakhala wodwala, koma nthawi zina pamakhala kugonja kwa chrysanthemum nematode. Zikatero, mabowo ang'onoang'ono amawonekera pamasamba, kenako amawuma. Madera omwe amadwala amadulidwa ndikuwotcha, ndipo m'deralo, ngati pachitika kale matenda a chomera, laimu yozimitsa imawonjezedwanso.
