Kalibracha ndi wa banja la nightshade, monganso m'bale wawo wapamtima, petunia. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, amatha kusiyanitsa zizindikiritso zakunja zingapo. Chomera chimakhala ndi masamba olimba kumunsi, komanso mphukira zazitali, pamaziko omwe ziphuphu zimawoneka kuti ndizomera zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Ntchito yovuta ndikufalitsa caliberhoa, makamaka ngati njira yofesa mbewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, olima maluwa a novice ayenera kudziwa bwino za kusiyanasiyana kwa mwambowu asanasunthire pakubala.
Kalibrachoa: mitundu yabwino kwambiri yazomera
Mitundu ya caliberhoa imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri, ndipo ambiri aiwo akumva bwino mkati mwa dziko lathu. Chifukwa chake, ambiri mwa othandizira athu adalandira zabwino kuthekera kokula pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse ndi kalasi ya zopatsa m'malo awo. Ngati muli ndi chipiriro ndikudikirira zaka zingapo, ndiye kuyambira mbande zazing'ono mumatha kupeza tchire lokongola komanso labwino lomwe ngakhale alimi oyamba angakulitse.
Kalibulu "Kablum buluu"
Mitundu ya Kablum Blue ndi imodzi mwodziodzi wodziwika bwino kwambiri, yomwe idatchuka chifukwa choti inali imodzi mwazomwe zinali zoyambirira kubzala kuchokera munjira zoyenda mkatikati. Kwenikweni imayang'aniridwa mothandizidwa ndi kudulidwa, ndiye chimodzimodzi Itha kumera bwino poyera, ndi pabwino. Koma, kuphatikiza pamtunduwu, palinso mitundu ina ya caliberhoa yomwe imatha kudulidwa kuchokera ku njere. Komabe, ngakhale kutengera zakusiyana kwawo kwakukulu, akatswiri nthawi zambiri amakonda makamaka mtundu wa Kablum.
Mwa mawonekedwe azinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa kutalika kochepa mpaka 35 masentimita, maluwa ofiirira a zazikulu zazing'ono, omwe adakongoletsedwa ndi diso lakumbali yachikuda pakati. Kubzala mbewu zamtunduwu caliberhoas ikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, ndipo ndikosayenera kuziwasunga musanafesere kukula kwa zopatsa mphamvu. Ndikokwanira kungothirira dziko lapansi, zomwe zidzakhale zokwanira kusungunula zipolopolo zawo mwachangu.
"Mabelu a miliyoni"
Mwa mitundu ina yotchuka, ndikofunikira kuwunikira "mabelu a Million". Mitundu iyi imadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha maluwa ake, omwe amatha kujambulidwa ndi lilac, buluu kapena utoto wofiirira, womwe umakhala ndi mthunzi wopepuka m'mphepete. Mbewu zamitundu izi zimamera bwinokomabe, ndikofunika kuchita zamadzimadzi pamwamba pakuvala ndikulimbikitsa zolimbitsa pa sabata la 3 la moyo kuti muchepetse kukula kwa mbande. Zomera zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa kuti ndizopambana. Mitundu ya achikulire nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kutalika kwa mita 1, kuwonjezera apo, imadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri, omwe amatsimikizira bwino dzina lawo la sonorous.
Kalibracha: Kulima mbewu
Kuti mukule caliberhoa m'dera lake, sikofunikira kugula mbande zamtengo wapatali. Njira imeneyi ikhoza kubzala bwino kufesa njere. Chachikulu ndichakuti muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo onse. Ndi Chomera sichingaganiziridwe kwambiriKomabe, ali mwana, ngati mbande zilizonse, amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Chifukwa chake, panthawiyi pakukula kwa calibraho, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa.
Nthawi yomweyo muyenera kukonzekera kuti zidzatenge nthawi yayitali kuyembekezera kumera. Kuphatikiza apo, ena aiwo ndi omwe adzabisala. Kuti achulukitse kumera, akatswiri odziwa zamaluwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana osangalatsa. Pakati pawo, Epin ndi Zircon amadziwika kwambiri. Pakalibe iwo akhoza m'malo ndi wamba potaziyamu permanganate yankho ndende zochepa.
Mbewu zizikhala mumadzi okonzedwa masana, kenako zimayikidwa pa tawulo ta pepala kapena nsalu yopyapyala kuti iume. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, munthu sangakhale wotsimikiza kuti atabzala mbewu zambiri zimamera. Kwa mbewu ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino.
- Caliberhoa ndi chomera cham'madzi, motero, poyambirira, chimafunikira gawo laling'ono lazopatsa michere. Pa kukonzekera kwake ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito peat ndi kompositi kuphatikiza ndi dothi wamba. Atangofesa, feteleza wa michere amawonjezedwa m'nthaka. Pakulima mbande za calibraho, musanadutse, ndikofunikira kuchita mavalidwe angapo, kuphatikiza ndi kuthirira;
- Kuphatikiza apo, mchenga wowuma uyenera kuwonjezeredwa kunthaka kuti uipangitse. Izi zimakupatsani mphamvu kupumira. Komanso, chisamaliro chikuyenera kulipidwa ku acidity ya gawo lapansi, lomwe muyenera kuwonjezera limu pang'ono. Monga ngalande, ndimayika miyala mu mabokosi okhala ndi wosanjikiza wa 4-5 masentimita, ndipo mchenga umathiridwa pa iyo ndi wosanjikiza masentimita 0.5-1.Pomwe pansi pamabokosi padzadzaza zinyalala zotere, zosakaniza zazikulu zadothi zimawonjezeredwa;
- mosamala muyenera kusankha feteleza wa caliberha mutabzala mbuto kuti ikhale m'munda wonse. Musamagwiritse ntchito manyowa atsopano povala, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda oyamba ndi mizu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzilowa m'malo osakanikirana ndi mchere, feteleza wa potaziyamu kapena feteleza wamba. Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pogwiritsa ntchito nitrofoska. Kuchokera pamenepo, mbewu zidzalandira feteleza woyenera kuti alowe mu kukula.
Popeza mbewu zochepa zimamera nthawi yofesa, ndikofunikira kuzigawa mokwanira panthaka. Kuti muchite izi, kutsatira dongosolo - pagawo la 10 x 10 cm, ndikofunikira kufesa mbewu 50-70. Chifukwa chake muyenera kugula matumba angapo a kalasi iliyonse pasadakhale caliberhoa. Kupanda kutero, pa nthawi yosamutsira poyera, mudzakhala ndi zitsamba zochepa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuchuluka kachulukidwe kamabzala nthawi ngati izi kufesa kumachitika m'mabokosi oimitsidwa padenga kapena ali kukhonde. Ngati mbande mudzasankhakenako ndikuzisamutsira kumalo kosatha m'mundamo, ndiye kuti simungasamale kwambiri za kuchuluka kwa mbewu zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito. Mulimonsemo, mbewu zonse zimagwera pamalowo.
- Pakulima mbande za calibraho, nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, mutabzala, filimuyi imakokedwa pamwamba pa mabokosiwo, ndipo mabesawo nawonso amaikidwa pafupi ndi zenera;
- Njira zazikulu zosamalirira nthawi imeneyi ndikuwaza nthaka katatu patsiku, komanso kuthirira mbande ndi madzi ofunda, osakhazikika. Pakupita mwezi umodzi, osapitirira kanayi muyenera kupanga feteleza amadzimadzi. Hafu ya iwo iyenera kulowa pansi ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa;
- kuyembekezera kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbande za masamba 3-4, amatha kusamutsidwa kukhonde ndi zenera lotseguka. Ikakhala yotentha pamsewu komanso kutentha kwa nthawi masana kupitirira madigiri 22, mutha kusankha tsiku loti mudzasinthe ma caliberi m'malo okhazikika. Kapena mbewu zitha kumasiyidwa m'mabokosi, komabe, pankhaniyi zimayenera kupitilizidwa kuti zizisungidwa mu mpweya watsopano - loggia kapena sill yapa kunja.
Kalibrachoa: Malangizo a Kubzala ndi Kusamalira
Osatengera komwe mumalima caliberhoha - pamakhonde kapena pachitunda, muyenera kusankha malo abwino. Koma kuwonjezera pa kuyatsa kowala, ndikofunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse. Ngati mbewu ingatero opezeka ndi chinyezi chokwanira, pamenepo imatha kulekerera dzuwa mwachindunji. Koma nthawi yanthawi yachilala, kuunikira kowala kumatha kumuvulaza.
Osasunga calibracho m'malo otetezeka. Apo ayi mumakhala pachiwopsezo chongodikira maluwa, komanso kuti mukhale ndi masamba owala pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungasankhe kusunga mabokosi a caliberhoa pafupi ndi khoma, ndibwino kuwayika kum'mwera.
- Kukula kwathunthu kwa kachipangizidwe kumadalira mphamvu yamafuta ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Poganiza kuti sizotheka nthawi zonse kukwaniritsa izi m'malo osabisika, olima dimba ambiri asankha kukulitsa ulemu mu nyumba - pa loggia, pomwe chisamaliro choyenera chitha kuperekedwa;
- panthawi yosamalira chipinda, zidzakhala zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zowunikira kuti malo azitha kutentha;
- Onetsetsani kuti mwateteza mbewu ku zokongoletsa ndi kuwomba mwadzidzidzi kwa mphepo kuti mupewe kuwonongeka.
Chovuta kwambiri pa zochitika zosasangalatsa ngati izi ndi calibra-ampel, yomwe imatha kumva bwino pokhapokha ngati imakhazikika pakhonde kapena pamalo pomwe pali pabwino komanso paphiri.
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa alangizi amalangiza kusamalira mwapadera kukonzekeretsa nthaka kuti izitha kufesa mbande. Limodzi mbewuyo imafunikira pafupifupi 1.5-2 makilogalamu, yomwe idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la zinthu zothandiza. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusintha gawo lapansi kapena kudyetsa, pogwiritsa ntchito kompositi kapena feteleza feteleza.
Caliberhoa amayankha bwino kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kuti chomera chikhale bwino, dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa. Komabe sizitanthauza kuti panthawi ya chisamaliro iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Njira yothandiza kwambiri ndi kupopera mankhwalawa ndimadzi akuwuma firiji kangapo patsiku. Ntchito imeneyi imathandizidwa ndi kuthilira pansi pa muzu, kuiyambitsa osapitirira kamodzi pa sabata.
Chojambula chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa maluwa ambiri kuti asalole kuzizira kwambiri ku Russia, ndiye kuti amafunika pogona. Calibrachoa ndiwosiyana ndi izi, chifukwa zimangofunika kutetezedwa kokha kuphatikiza madzi omwe amagwera. Chifukwa chake muyenera kusamalira momwe chinyezi chimayendera chomera osati pongothirira, komanso mvula.
Kalibrachoa ndi chomera chosalimba, chifukwa chake ngati madontho akuluakulu agwera pamasamba ndi pamakhala, izi zimatha kubweretsa kuvulala kwakukulu. Zowopsa Kuchepetsa mvula kwa mbewu, yomwe nthawi yovuta imapangitsa kuti mbewuzi zitheke kutulutsa.
Podziwa izi, ambiri wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amasankha kukula caliberhoas pamakhonde. Kenako, pangozi yoyamba yakugwa mvula, adzatha kubweretsanso mabokosi az maluwa mnyumba, kuwapatsa chitetezo nyengo.
Pomaliza
Kufunitsitsa kwamaluwa ambiri olima masamba wamba kuti asalowe pamalowo sichodabwitsa, chifukwa monga lamulo, zimasiyana pamawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Koma nthawi yomweyo, iyi si nkhani yapafupi, chifukwa kwa mbewu zotere ndizofunikira kupereka nyengo yapadera.
Ndikosavuta kukula kwa calibhoa pamalo otseguka, chifukwa sikungofunika kuthirira nthawi zonse komanso malo otseguka, komanso kutetezedwa ku kusungidwa ndi mpweya. Tsoka ilo si zigawo zonse za dziko lathu zomwe zingapeze malo otere, nthawi zambiri wamaluwa ayenera kubzala duwa ili pabwino, ndikugwiritsitsa khonde. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri ndimawu omwe amakhalamo omwe amakhala wolimba kwambiri komanso wokongoletsa bwino.
