Amakonda zokolola zachilendo, amalima maluwa amalima mandimu, tangerine komanso makangaza kunyumba. Masamba a mandimu ndi mandarin nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa, kotero kugula iwo sikovuta. Makangaza ndi osowa pogulitsa. Koma ngati angafune, itha kumera chifukwa cha mbewu. Makangaza wamba amasanduka mtengo waung'ono ndipo limaphuka ndikubereka zipatso. Zachidziwikire, zipatsozo zidzakhala zochepa, koma maluwa okongola a pinki ndi kununkhira kwake kwapadera kudzaphwanya izi. Sikovuta kusamalira makangaza, koma muyenera kuphunzira malamulo obzala komanso kukula.
Mtengo wamakangaza * - kufotokozera, chithunzi
Chomera chomera Kutalika kumafika masentimita 90-100 okha. Zachilendo kwambiri zimakonda kuphuka komanso pafupipafupi. Mtengowo umangokhala ndi maluwa owala omwe amatulutsa zonse mu inflorescence komanso payekhapayekha.
Makangaza * omwe amapangika pambewuyi amaphuka ndipo amabala zipatso osapitirira zaka zitatu mutabzala.
Kwa makangaza, muyenera kusankha malo owala. Zomera zimakonda kuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana. Dzuwa mwachindunji lidzawotcha masamba. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wobzalidwa pazenera lakumwera uyenera kuzimitsidwa kuyambira dzuwa dzuwa.
Kodi kubzala makangaza?
Ngati mukukonzekera kupanga makangaza pa mbewu, ndiye kuti zonse ndizofunikira samalani zodzala:
Muyenera kugula chipatso chokongola chachikulu kumsika kapena m'malo ogulitsira masamba. Pa khungu lake sikuyenera kukhala mano, zowola, nkhungu.- Kunyumba pamafunika kuthyoledwa, ndipo mbewu zochepa zatsala kuti zibzalidwe. Zomwe zimamera zimafikira 95%, kotero mbewu zinayi kapena zisanu ndizokwanira.
- Kuchokera ku mbewu mumafunikira kuchotsa zamkati zotsalazo, kutsuka izi pansi pamadzi. Mbewu zolimba minyanga ya njovu ziyenera kutsalira. Mbewu zobiriwira komanso zofewa sizigwira ntchito pobzala.
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulowetse zinthu zomwe zasankhidwa kwa maola 12 mu njira ya Zircon kapena Epina. Pa supuni imodzi yamadzi, mukufunika madontho awiri a yankho.
Muyenera kugula chipatso chokongola chachikulu kumsika kapena m'malo ogulitsira masamba. Pa khungu lake sikuyenera kukhala mano, zowola, nkhungu.Pomwe mbewu zimanyowa mutha kukonza dothi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza kwadothi komwe kumagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, nthaka ikhoza kukonzedwa popanda dothi lachonde, peat ndi mchenga.
Mbeu zamakangaza zimabzalidwa m'mizere yodzaza ndi mbande yakuya masentimita 1-1.5 Kenako zimakonkhedwa ndi dothi, ndikuwazidwa ndi madzi ofunda ndikuphimbidwa ndi polyethylene. Pezani mtundu wowonjezera kutentha womwe mbewu zimaswa msanga. Kutentha kwa kumera kwa khangaza kuyenera kukhala osachepera 25-30C.
Mbewu zobzalidwa mu Novembala kapena koyambirira kwamasika ziyenera kumera masabata angapo. Ngati zibzalidwe nthawi ina pachaka, ndiye kuti zitha kudulilidwa kwa miyezi ingapo.
Achinyamata amatulutsa chisamaliro
Mbewu yoyamba ikangoyamba, chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chiyenera kuyikidwa pamalo owala. Ndikofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti dothi siliphwa. Ndikwabwino kuthirira madzi mwa kupopera kuchokera ku mfuti yothira.
Mbande zokhala ndi masamba enieni kapena atatu enieni zimasungidwa mumiphika yosiyana. Zomera zazing'ono zibzalidwe pansi, kuti zikonzedwe zomwe muyenera kusakaniza:
- tsamba humus - 1 gawo;
- sod - magawo awiri;
- mchenga - magawo 0,5;
- peat - 0,5 magawo.
Pomegranate imakhala ndi mizu yapamwamba kwambiri, motero mtengowo umatha kumera m'mbale zing'onozing'ono. Chachikulu ndichotsekera bwino.
Kusamalira ana ang'onoang'ono kumakhala madzi ambiri komanso kuthirira, komwe kumachitika poti nthaka ikasakaniza. Dothi mumaphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Madzi ochulukirapo amafunika kutsanulidwa.
Zomera zobzalidwa m'dzinja nthawi yachisanu zidzafunika perekani zowonjezera zina. Kupanda kutero, ndikusowa kuwala, mbande imatambalala kapena sikudzakula konse.
Zinthu za mtengo wamakangaza
Sikovuta kusamalira makangaza omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu. Mtengowo ndi wopanda ulemu, koma pamafunika kutsatira malamulo ena osamalira:
Munthawi yachilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kwa makangaza kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana mwa 18-25C. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imasungidwa bwino m'chipinda chozizira pa kutentha kwa 12-15C. Chapakatikati, pomwe matalala omaliza adutsa, chitsamba chimatha kuyikidwa khonde kapena m'munda wakutsogolo.- Chipamba cha makangaza chisazime. Chifukwa chake, chilimwe mtengowu umamizidwa madzi ambiri komanso nthawi zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, ngati mbewuyo imasungidwa bwino, kuthirira kumachepa. Pomegranate imathiriridwa kuchokera kumwamba kokha, chifukwa imakhala ndi mizu yopanda tanthauzo.
- Kuti makangaza azitha kubereka bwino, ndikofunikira kuti manyowa azikhala chomera kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe wazomera zam'mera izi. Kudyetsa kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Koma muyenera kudziwa kuti pogula feteleza yambiri nitrate. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutadya zipatso zamakangaza, ndikosayenera kudyetsa ndi feteleza wotere.
- Zomera zikayamba kulowa, zimayamba kuthira masamba. Iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe, ndipo palibe chifukwa choopera. Kuti aletse makangaza kuti asataye masamba, omasulira ena amawasunga m'chipinda chotentha nthawi yozizira. Izi sizikulimbikitsidwa, popeza mbewuyo imatopa ndikuchepetsa kukula.
- Mphukira za mitengo ya makangaza yomwe imakula kuchokera ku mbewu imayamba kuphuka mu February. Pakadali pano, iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo opepuka, ndikuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Mphukira zofowoka ndi youma zimayenera kudulidwa. Posachedwa, tchire lidzakutidwa ndi masamba atsopano.
- Zomera zazing'ono zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizilowa m'malo chaka chilichonse. Mphika uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pafupifupi masentimita awiri kuposa woyamba. Mitengo yoposa zaka zitatu imalowedwa pokhapokha mizu yake itadzaza mtanda wonse. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti makangaza amakonda pang'ono maphika, omera pomwe amakula bwino ndipo amatulutsa zipatso kwambiri.
Munthawi yachilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kwa makangaza kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana mwa 18-25C. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imasungidwa bwino m'chipinda chozizira pa kutentha kwa 12-15C. Chapakatikati, pomwe matalala omaliza adutsa, chitsamba chimatha kuyikidwa khonde kapena m'munda wakutsogolo.Mapangidwe a Korona
Kupanga chitsamba chokongola ndi fluffy, makangaza chaka ndi chaka kuchokera ku chomera chaching'ono muyenera kumeta tsitsi.
Kudulira kuyenera kuchitika isanayambike kukula kwachomera, kutanthauza mu February. Akamakula, umodzi wa mitengo yamtengo umasinthidwa ndikuwombera wachinyamata wamphamvu. Chifukwa chake, kudula ubweya kumalimbikitsa. Kudulira achinyamata mphukira kuyenera kuchitidwa pa impso kuyang'ana kunja. Zotsatira zake, awiriawiri kapena asanu masamba akhalebe panthambi. Mphukira zotsalira pakuchepetsa zitha kuyikidwa kudula.
Korona wa mtengowu amatha kupangidwa mwanjira yomwe mukufuna. Chitsamba chimatha kupangidwa kukhala mpira, kapena kupangidwa kukhala mtengo wopopera.
Ngati mukufuna kudziyesa nokha mu luso la bonsai, ndiye kuti makangaza angachite izi. Tchirepo limatha kupatsidwa mawonekedwe ofunikira ndikudina nthawi zambiri ndikulidulira, ndikukhomera nthambi zakale pansi, ndikugwedeza achichepere ndi waya. Grenade imatha kupangidwa pafupifupi kalembedwe kalikonse.
Ndikudula osawopa kudulira kwambiri. Chapakatikati, mtengowo umapeza mphamvu, ndipo nthambi zatsopano ndi masamba adzaphuka msanga. Musaiwale kuti nthawi zonse muchotsa maluwa owuma ndi masamba pachitsamba.
Tizirombo ndi matenda a makangaza
Kukula makangaza, amalimbikitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti ayang'anire tizirombo kapena matenda. Nthawi zambiri, mbewuyi imakhudza:
Spider mite. Ngati masamba adayamba kugwa, kenako kangaude woyera atawonekera, pomwepo mbewuyo imayambukiridwa ndi kangaude. Poyamba, mtengo ungayesedwe kuchiritsa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa adyo, anyezi peel kapena fodya. Ngati zida zotere sizikuthandizira, ndiye kuti ndibwino kusula chitsamba ndi mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera.- Peduncle ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Izi zikuluzikulu zazirombo siziwononga. Zikawoneka, mbewuyo imatha kutsukidwa ndi "sopo wobiriwira", kapena kuwaza ndi tizirombo.
- Kuola kwa imvi kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a patina yankhungu pachomera. Makangaza amatha kuchiritsidwa pochiza chitsamba ndi mankhwala apadera a imvi zowola.
- Khansa yamitengo imawoneka ngati mabala, m'mphepete mwa pomwe matupi ake amatuluka. Ndi matenda, mphukira ziume kaye, kenako chomera chonse. Khansa yanthambi imakhudza nthambi zowuma kapena zowonongeka. Chifukwa chake, madera omwe ali ndi matenda a chomera ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mitundu yamaunda, kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.
Spider mite. Ngati masamba adayamba kugwa, kenako kangaude woyera atawonekera, pomwepo mbewuyo imayambukiridwa ndi kangaude. Poyamba, mtengo ungayesedwe kuchiritsa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa adyo, anyezi peel kapena fodya. Ngati zida zotere sizikuthandizira, ndiye kuti ndibwino kusula chitsamba ndi mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera.Kutulutsa koyamba mtengo wamikangaza ndi chisamaliro chabwino kungayembekezeredwe kale Miyezi 10-12 atawonekera kwa Sentsi. Chomera chomwe chimakhazikika panyumba chimaphuka kangapo pachaka, ndipo ndimakondweretsa zochepa, koma zipatso zokoma.
