Mallow - mfumukazi yapachaka

Maluwa ndi masamba a nkhalango ali ndi mitengo yambiri ya ntchofu, chifukwa chake, akhala akuigwiritsa ntchito ngati chofukizira komanso chodana ndi zotupa. Kuchokera maluwa amapanga utoto wa ubweya ndi vinyo. Malva meluca (Malva meluca) imapereka ulusi wopota, woyenera kupanga zingwe, zingwe, hemp; Mbewu zake zimakhala ndi mafuta owuma pang'ono.

MallowChilatini - Malva, anthu - mallow, stock rose, nkhonya.

Pafupifupi mitundu 30 yamtunduwu, yomwe imakula mu nyengo yotentha ya ku Europe, Asia, North Africa ndi North America, amadziwika chifukwa chokhala ndi masamba atatu, chikho chogawanika asanu, miyala isanu ndi gynoecium, yomwe ili ndi ma carpels ambiri; thumba losunga mazira limakhala ndi malo ambiri, chisa chilichonse chimakhala ndi ovule imodzi; chipatso chimagawika kukhala ma achenes. Amakulitsidwa ngati chomera chokongoletsera.

Mallow ndi chaka chilichonse, chochepa kwambiri komanso chokhala ndi masamba osatha, ndikunama, kukwera kapena phesi lolunjika, woyamba fluffy, kenako pambuyo pake, 30-120 cm.
Masamba amakhala opanda tsankho, owoneka mozungulira pamtima, wokhala ndi ma lobes a 5 kapena okonzeka, pubescent.

Maluwa 1-5 mu nkhwangwa zamasamba; mitundu yochepa kwambiri ya inflorescence imakhala ndi maburashi. Pamakhala nkhawa kwambiri, oblong - obovate, pinki, ndi mikwingwirima 3 yamdima yayitali. Limamasula kuyambira June mpaka Ogasiti.

Mizu yake ndi yayitali, nthambi.

Chipatsochi ndi polysperm.

Kukula zofunika

Dothi lotayirira, lotakidwa bwino, lolemera mu humus (loam).

Malo: dzuwa. M'malo otseguka ndikofunikira kumangiriza. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chilala, sizimakonda madzi osayenda.

Kufesa: mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha mu Meyi - Julayi; kapena poyera kumapeto kwa June. Mbewu zimamwazidwa pamtunda, pang'ono zowazidwa ndi dothi. Chakumapeto kwa Ogasiti, m'munda.

Mtunda wokulirapo 60cm.

Kuthirira: Pakatikati, nthawi zonse.

Mavalidwe apamwamba: pachaka ntchito humus ndi kompositi 3 makilogalamu pa 1 sq.m.

Gwiritsani ntchito: zopangira miyala, zokongoletsera kumwera ndi mpanda, komanso zodula.

Chisamaliro

Imakula bwino padzuwa, koma imalekerera pang'ono, ngakhale kuti imatsika ndikuwala komanso kutalika. Kuti muteteze mbewu ku mphepo, muyenera kumangiriza zitsamba ndi msomali wapamwamba.

Tsinde limafunikira kumasula dothi mwadongosolo komanso kuthira feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu. Kutsirira kumalimbikitsidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kochuluka ndikuonetsetsa kuti madziwo samayenda.

Tsinde limafalikira ndi mbewu. Mutha kuwabzala kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ndiye kuti mbewuyo idzaphuka chaka chamawa. Bzalani mbewu kumayambiriro kwa masika. Zikatero, pofika nthawi yophukira, tchire tating'ono tambiri tambiri timabereka, timene timakhalabe nthawi yachisanu pansi pa chisanu.

Kwa nthawi yozizira, kubzala pachaka kwa maluwa maluwa kumakutidwa ndi masamba owuma, nthambi za spruce kapena zipatso za peat, utuchi, humus. Chaka chotsatira iwo amakula mwachangu ndikuphuka pakati - kumapeto kwa Julayi.

Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kubzala tsinde lomwe linamera mbande kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Malinga ndi iwo, pamenepa, mbewuyi imatha kuphuka chilimwe isanathe ndipo imakondwera ndi maluwa ake onse mu Ogasiti, Seputembala ndipo, nthawi yophukira ikatentha, Okutobala. Chifukwa chake, zimakhala pachimake ndi chilimwe cha India.

Kuti mbewu zitheke kuchokera kumaluwa oterowo, nthambi zake zimadulidwa ndikumangokhala ndi paphwando louma, pomwe mbewuzo zimacha. Mbeu zokhala ndi tsinde zimatha kukhalabe ndizotheka kwa zaka zitatu.

Kukula kudzera mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikothekanso. Mbewu zokhala ndi njirayi zofesedwa kumapeto kwa Meyi. Mphukira zimawonekera masabata awiri.

Mbande imabadwa masamba awiri enieni akamakula, kubzala pa mtunda wa 15-20 cm.

Kuswana

Kubzala pofesa mbewu panthaka kapena malo obiriwira ozizira mu Meyi-June. Pakubzala, mbewu za alumali yazaka ziwiri ziyenera kutengedwa, chifukwa zimamera bwino.

Kubzala m'malo kumachitika mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, kusunga mtunda pakati pa mbeu ya masentimita 50. Magulu osiyanasiyana, omwe amatuluka mchaka choyamba, amabzalidwa mbande kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, mu Meyi adabzalidwa. Pakati panjira nthawi yozizira nthawi yopanda kuwala imakhala ndi nthambi za spruce ndi masamba. Mukakumba ndikubzala, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mtunda wokhala ndi mizu yopanda minofu. Pokhapokha ngati zinthu izi zimatha kukhazikika msanga ndipo zimaphuka bwino.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Anachita dzimbiri. Pakutero, mawanga achikasu kapena ofiira ofiira ndi ma pustule amawonekera kumbali yamkati yamasamba; kunjaku - mawanga owala; masamba amasowa ndikugwa. Chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbewuyo pokhapokha ngati matendawa afalikira, wonongerani mbewuyo. Kwa zaka 2, musabzale mallow m'malo ano.