Dzinalo la chomera cha chiwindi limachokera ku kumasulira kwa liwu lachi Greek loti 'hepar', - chiwindi. Masamba a duwa anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochizira matenda a chiwindi ndi ndulu, kuwonjezera, masamba ake ndi ofanana pakuwonekera kwa chiwindi cha munthu. Mwa anthu, chiwindi chotchedwa chiwindi chimatchedwa Coppice, chifukwa chimakonda malo otetezeka m'nkhalango ndipo sichimapezeka kawirikawiri m'malo otseguka.
Momwe mungafesere mbewu ya chiwindi
Mbande za Liverpoolwort
Nthawi zambiri, kumene mwatsopano mbewu zimakololedwa ndikufesedwa mwachindunji m'munda mu June. Koma ngati mudagula mbewu, mutha kubzala kale kumapeto kwa February - Marichi, komanso ngakhale Epulo, kuti muthe mbande kuti mubzale mu kasupe.
- Muyenera kusamalira dothi labwino kuti lisasokere, onjezani zinthu zakumaso ndi mchenga ngati dothi limalemera. Idzakupatsaninso chitetezo cham Mbeu yabwino pakuuma.
- Finyani nyemba pang'ono pang'ono momwe zingathere pamalopo ndikuphimba mofatsa ndi dothi loonda.
- Nyowetsani pansi ndi botolo lothira, kuphimba beseni ndi zojambulazo.
- Pamene mphukira za chiwindi zimawonekera, chotsani filimuyo.
- Mbeu zanthete zimachepetsedwa kuti mbande zake zikhale zolimba ndipo zisatambasule.
- Onetsetsani kuti palibe udzu.
- Kusamalira mbande ndikosavuta: kuthirira limodzi ndikulimidwa, ndipo kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse mumatulutsa feteleza wamadzimadzi ndi feteleza wovuta aliyense yemwe mungamupeze m'sitolo. Kudyetsa zachilengedwe kumakhalanso bwino.
- Mbewu zopsa ndi kukonza kupendekeka kwake kadzuwa mu mpweya wabwino. Masabata angapo akwanira izi. Tango titha kukhala ndi masamba 4-5, kuzolowera mpweya wabwino ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, zibzalidwe mu nthaka.
Ngati mumabzala panthaka, ndikofunikira kuti mulch pa kama m'dzinja ndi masamba, ndikuchotsa mulch koyambilira. Zofesedwa zimamera kokha chaka chamawa.
Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba
Ngati chiwindi chanu chakhala chikukula kwa nthawi yayitali, ndizosavuta kugawa tchire kuti mupeze zatsopano zobzala. Gawani tchire mukamadzala mu Ogasiti
- Gawoli lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi impso za 2-3. Mitundu ya chiwindiwacho imagawika pakapita zaka 3-4 zilizonse (ngati palibe malingaliro ena), omwe amabzala m'munda amatha kukula m'malo amodzi popanda kugawanika kwakanthawi.
- Pambuyo pogawa, tchire zimafunikira chisamaliro mosamala mpaka atazika mizu moyenera.
- Mutha kudulira pang'ono mbande kwakanthawi, onetsetsani kuti mukuwunika chinyezi: chifukwa popanda chinyezi chokwanira chaulere, mizu yofooka siyingathe kupereka mtengowo ndi michere yofunika.
- Pambuyo pa masiku 7-10, Delenki imabwezeretsedwa, ndipo mbewuzo zimasinthana bwino ndi malo atsopano.
- Kubzala koteroko kwa chiwindi ndi kotchuka kwambiri, sizitenga nthawi yambiri, ndipo zotulukapo zake zimakhala zosangalatsa nthawi zonse ndi tchire latsopano labwino.
Kubzala kwa hepatatica ndi kusamalira poyera
Chiwindi chithunzi wamba
Popeza amakonda zokongola za m'nkhalangomo, musamubzale m'malo okwezeka lotsegukira dzuwa masana. Sankhani mthunzi kapena mitengo pafupi ndi mitengo, zitsamba, kapena nyumba yomanga pafupi ndi nyumba. Kapenanso - pangani gawo loyamba la mtambo, lotetezedwa ndi zitsamba zazodzikongoletsera.
- Kuti tikule mbewuyi m'munda mwanu, ndibwino kukonzekera nthaka yopanda chonde. Thirani peat yofiirira ndi singano wakucha-wakucha mu dzenje lobzala, popeza chiwindi chimafunikira nthaka yachilengedwe.
- Mukusamalira, duwa limakhala lochiritsika - kwa nyengo yonse yokhayo kungofunika kuthirira kokha, ndikusunga dothi. Ndikofunika, kuti tipewe kumera kumera.
- Makulidwe a chiwindi amawoneka bwino, koma usiku wachisanu ndibwino kusewera motetezeka ndikulimitsa dzimbalo ndi wosanjikiza ndi masentimita atatu a kompositi, peat kapena dothi wamba labwinobwino.
- M'munda womwe watulutsa maluwa, malo osungirako chiwindiwo amawoneka bwino ndi ma periwinkles, maluwa okongola a arizemas, ogula, ma umbilicals a buluu osayiwalika, ngwazi zokondedwa, ma Scyl, owoneka bwino, chipale chofewa. Akhoza kukongoletsa phiri lamapiri kapena mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yazipatso.
Chithunzi cha hepatica
The primroseibindiwort ndi yosavuta kusamalira, kuti kungokhala mizu, sikufuna chisamaliro chapadera. Nthawi zina wamaluwa amakumbukira kuti adakhalapo pokhapokha ngati maluwa oyala azikhala modabwitsa ngati nyenyezi zakumadzulo. Mawonekedwe abwino!
Kufotokozera kwamitundu ya Hepatica
Chithunzi cha chiwindi cha chiwindi Kodi chiwindi cha chiwindi chimawoneka bwanji?
Waku Asia chiwindi (Hepatica asiatica). Imapezeka mu Primorsky Territory pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe. Kukula - mpaka 15 cm, maluwa okhala ndi pinki kapena oyera petals. Wokongola muchikhalidwe. Limamasula mwachidule mu Epulo-Meyi - pafupifupi masiku 20. Imafalikira yokha payokha, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kugawa chiwindi cha ku Asia chotulutsa, koma osati kale kuposa zaka zisanu zilizonse.
Chiwindi chosaneneka (Hepatica nobilis). Koyambira ku Europe Russia ndi Western Europe.
Chithunzi cha chiwindi cha chiwindi
Malo oyambiriramo anali m'nkhalango zambiri. Tsopano chiwindi chodziwika bwino chimatha kumera m'nkhalango zamitundu yosiyanasiyana: coniferous, deciduous, chosakanizika. Komanso duwa limatha kuwonekera m'malo otseguka, pokhapokha atakhala osaphika.
Limamasula kumayambiriro kwamasamba, masamba akangoyamba kutuluka, nawonso - pafupifupi masiku 20. Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala zapinki kapena zamtambo.
Malo olemekezeka a chiwindi amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Limafalikira m'malo osiyanasiyana zaka 3-7, mchikhalidwe - pa 3. Zomera zimagwidwa mungu wochokera mothandizidwa ndi kafadala ndi agulugufe okhala ndi mungu, popeza chiwindi chilibe timadzi tokoma.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi maluwa
Transilvan chiwindi (Hepatica transilvanica = H. Angulosa). Maso osowa. Ili ndi machitidwe ofunikira monga kulolerana ndi mthunzi, kukana kuzizira. Pafupifupi osawopa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Msinkhu wosapitirira 8-10 cm, koma wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yofananira. Amaluwa amtundu wabuluu, ndi zakankhana zachikhalidwe - maluwa apinki ndi oyera mu Epulo kwa masiku 10-20.
Pachikhalidwecho ndizolimba, zimatha kumera zonse mumthunzi ndi dzuwa (koma mthunziwo umakhala bwino komabe), ngakhale pamtunda wonyowa. M'chilengedwe, kuti muchite bwino komanso kuti mukule bwino zimafunikira malo okhazikika: dothi lonyowa komanso lachonde. Ndibwino kuti muzimverera pansi pa mtengo wa mitengo yowoneka bwino kapena zitsamba. Imalekerera chilala, koma m'malo otseguka, maluwa sakhala ochulukirapo komanso osakhalitsa.
Chiwindi chapakatikati (Hepatica x media). Uwu ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa, mtundu wofala kwambiri wa Ballardii. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono, kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi 10 cm, m'mimba mwake - mpaka 30. Imaphuka mu Epulo, kutalika kwenikweni kuposa mitundu ina yonse.
Ntchito zamankhwala
Kudzala kwa chiwindi ndi chithunzi
Chiwindi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri monga mankhwala wowerengeka:
- Masamba ndi maluwa ake amachapidwa, kutsukidwa, ndikupukutidwa totupa.
- Ndipo ku Western Europe, chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a bronchitis.
Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mkati mwa chiwongolero mwa mawonekedwe ake osaphika - magawo onse a mbewu ndi oopsa. Pokhapokha mawonekedwe owuma ndi pomwe pamakhala pabwino.
Ndipo, ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala ochokera ku chomera ichi mankhwalawo, zimakhala zolondola kwambiri komanso zotetezeka kukafunsidwa ndi dokotala.
Za momwe chiwonetserochi chikuwonekera muvidiyo yotsatirayi:
