Mtengowo ndi wa mtundu wazipatso zamwala. Maula ku dera la Moscow - mitengo yabwino kwambiri yazipatso mosazindikira. Mosiyana ndi ma apricots ndi mapichesi, maula poyamba amakula m'malo otentha, amavutika kuzizira. Wamaluwa amapatsidwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutengera kusankhidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ku China, Spain, America, kupukutidwa kwawo kambiri.
Khalidwe la Plum
Ma plums onse amayimira mtengo wochokera pamwala. Kwenikweni, ma plums amakula mpaka mamita 3-6, ali ndi korona wozungulira. Nthambi za mafupa zimapezeka pakatikati pa thunthu, mawonekedwe amtengowo amatengera zosiyanasiyana. Pali mbewu za mzati - zotsatira za kusintha kwachilengedwe, kosankhidwa ndi kusankha. Wowoneka bwino komanso wopatsa, amatenga mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya plum ku dera la Moscow.
Zipatso za Plamu, kutengera mitundu, zimakhala ndi utoto kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka utoto wakuda. Kukula kwa zonona kumasiyana 20 mpaka 150 g. Pali mitundu yazodzilimbitsa, koma ina iliyonse imapereka zipatso zochulukitsa. Kuchepetsa m'matawuni kuyambira Julayi mpaka pakati pa Seputembala, zomwe zimatengera mitundu.
Mitundu yonse ya maula imagawidwa malinga ndi momwe imagwiritsira ntchito:
- plums zabwino, zodziwika ndi kukoma kosangalatsa, pafupifupi onsewo amapezeka chifukwa cha kusankha;
- zopezeka bwino zimaganizira zipatso za maula akudya, omwe alibe mtengo;
- plums zokongoletsera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe, maluwa awo, mawonekedwe amtengo ndi tsamba amapanga mawonekedwe apadera.
Ganizirani mitundu yambiri ya ma plums a dera la Moscow, omwe akufunika pakati pa amateurs ndi akatswiri.
Mitundu yoyambirira ya maula
Mu Julayi komanso koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, mitundu yoyambilira imakhala ndi mphatso yokolola zipatso zokoma.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi za gulu lanyumba, zopangidwa ndi obereketsa Kursakov. Mtengo wamtali wautali, wopindika, wopindika mosiyanasiyana. Masamba ndi akulu, masamba amapita kutali ndi mphukira. Mtengowo umabala zipatso kwa zaka 4 mutabzala. Maluwa pachaka ndi kutentha kwambiri yozizira. Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda a maula. Plum Zarechnaya koyambirira amatanthauza mitundu yopanda chonde, pollinator akhoza kukhala Etude, Tambov kukongola.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zamtundu wa tebulo, zimakhala ndi mayendedwe abwino. Zipatso zolemera 35-60 magalamu zimakhala ndi kukoma kwa mfundo za 4.5 pamiyeso isanu, zipse nthawi yomweyo mkati mwa Julayi.
Imodzi mwa mitundu yoyambirira komanso yobala zipatso zambiri, yomwe imabala zipatso bwino ngakhale kumpoto kwa dera la Moscow. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'onoting'ono, 30 g zokha, koma nthambi zake ndizokulungidwa ndi mipira yokongola. Kirimu samataya kukomoka pambuyo pakuzizira, koyenera kuyamwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimayamba kubereka zipatso chaka chotsatira mutabzala. Mtengo wachikulire umapatsa 30 makilogalamu zipatso zabwino. Mtengowo umatha kupirira -40 C, koma su kulolera thaws. Ma Plum osiyanasiyana Skoroplodnaya amadzilimbitsa, ndipo amapukutidwa pokhapokha ndi ma plum hybrids. Oyenera kupukutira ma plum osiyanasiyana Mpira Wofiyira. Izi ndichifukwa chamaluwa oyambira. Kutalika kwa mtengo wozungulira ndi mamita 2.5, wosakanizidwa umapezeka kuchokera ku Sino-American zosiyanasiyana Klaymeks, kufukula kwa Ussuri kofiira.
Mitundu yoyambirira yochokera ku mbadwo waku China. Mtengowu sunali wamtali, 2.5 m wamtali, korona wakuthengo, piramidi. Tsamba ndilobiriwira mopepuka, lowongoka bwino. Maluwa ndi akulu, zidutswa zitatu chilichonse, zoyera. Zipatso zolemera 45 g, yowutsa mudyo, zotupa. Kulawa adavoteledwa pa mfundo za 4.4. Orlovskaya Lota maula zipatso sizimasweka, osagwa, zipsa mu Ogasiti.
Kubala kumachitika kwa zaka 3, mitunduyo imakana kugunda, dzira lolimba la mizu ndi nthaka ndilokwera. Ndi zokolola zambiri, zipatso zimachepera paz kulemera.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi za gulu la Russian Plum, lomwe limapezeka chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa maula a cherry ndi Tauride Chinese plum Burbank. Mtengowo ndi wamtali, 3 m kutalika, wolimba ndi zipatso zoyambirira zazing'ono - 20-30 magalamu.
Ubwino wa ma plum Apaulendo ndi:
- kutentha kwa dzinja;
- kucha kale;
- kukana matenda a fungal;
- fruiting pachaka.
Zoyipa - kudzala, ndi maluwa oyamba, kumazunguliridwa ndi madzi oundana.
Mitundu yamapeto ndi yapakatikati, yabwino kwambiri ku dera la Moscow
Gulu lachi Hungary la plums lili ndi shuga wambiri, mtundu wakuda, kumene amakatula, zipatso zokomera aliyense zomwe amakonda. Mitengo ndiyitali, ma plums amakolola pambuyo zinyalala. Plum Vengerka Korneevskaya ndi mitundu yopanda chonde, yolemera ma plum 130-140 magalamu. Zipatso ndizotsekemera, zamkati zimasiyanitsidwa bwino ndi mbewu. Kubala zipatso kumayamba zaka 3-4 mutabzala. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndi kuthyoka kwa nthambi zolemetsa. Backups zofunika.
ChiHungary chimafuna kutsatira mosamalitsa mawu a njira zopewera matenda kuchokera ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
Maula a Smolinka omwe amadziwika ku Central Russia amangobwera kum'mwera kwa Moscow Region. Zipatso zamafuta-ovoid zimalemera magalamu 35. Kukoma kwa mchere wamafuta, kukolola kumasonkhanitsidwa pakati pa Ogasiti, mpaka 15-20 makilogalamu kuchokera paula umodzi. Mtengowu umakhala m'mawa, zipatso zimakhalapo kwa zaka 2-3, zosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu ndikusintha kwatsopano, zimakula mpaka mamita 5.5. Zosiyanasiyana ndizopukutidwa ndi mungu, ma pollinators ndi Superear ndi Opal. Nthambi zimakutidwa ndi zipatso mu kugwa, popanda yopuma zimatha kuthyoka.
Zipatso zazing'ono zolemera 22 gm za kukoma kwapadera zinapangitsa kuti maula a Memumazev akhale okondedwa m'minda ya Moscow, Central ndi Middle Volga. Zipatso zimacha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Korona wa mtengowo ndi chitsamba, ndipo nthambi zimatsitsidwa pansi pa kulemera kwa mbewuyo.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zodzichinjiriza ndi kuthekera kwambiri kotsitsa mukamazizira. Ubwino wa kukumbukira kwa ma plum Timiryazev ndikukana kleasterosporiosis ndi zowola zipatso. Mtengowu sufuna chilala, umakonda chinyezi, koma umakhudzidwa ndi nkhupakupa.
Zipatso zapakatikati zokulira za 25-25 magalamu pofika nthawi yophukira zimakwirira mtengo wamtali wa 5.5. Yakhontovaya maula amavutika ndi chilala, samagwira chisanu, osawopa kubwerera ku chisanu. Zosiyanazi ndizopanda chonde, ngakhale popanda chibwenzi chaka chilichonse zimapereka eni ake zipatso zaphikidwe ndi fupa laling'ono.
Fruiting plum imachitika pazaka 3, ndipo chachisanu mumatha kupeza 50 kg ya zipatso zomwe zimatsanulidwa ndi dzuwa. Koma izi zikuyenera kupezeka kwa plums pafupi ndi Vengerka Moscow kapena Skorospelka ofiira.
Pali kukaikira ngati kuli koyenera kubzala mtengo wamtali kwambiri mdzikolo. Koma pali njira yotulukira - kugula sapling ya Yakhontova maula pa chitsa chocheperako cha maula Alexiy kapena Felt chitumbuwa.
Mtundu wakale wobadwa kunyumba wokhala ndi mizu yaku Italiya yomwe imakhala yolimba kwambiri yozizira. Mtengowu ndi wautali mamita atatu, wozungulira bwino. Plum Famu yagulu lachigulu lachigulu lambiri limakhala ndi zonona pang'ono. Maula ndi amtundu wa tebulo, amasungidwa bwino. Wopangayo adapanga Michurin, crossbred Ternozliva ndi Greenclod wobiriwira. Kubala kumachitika pazaka 4-5 ndikukula pang'onopang'ono. Mtengo wazaka zisanu ndi zitatu udzapereka 18 kg wa kirimu, ndipo wazaka 11 - theka kale centner. Muyenera kusonkhanitsa zipatso mwachangu, apo ayi zidzauma.
Ubwino wa plum Greenhouse pamodzi famu:
- kuphatikiza chisanu kwambiri komanso kuzizira pambuyo pa nyengo yachisanu yozizira;
- thunthu la mtengo silingatengeke ndi maenje a chisanu.
Plum imafunikira pollinator, yemwe sangathe kuchokera ku mitundu yaku China.
Dzina lathunthu lazinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi Egg Blue Plum. Mtengowu ndi wamtali, mpaka mamita 6, wokhoza kubereka zipatso zaka 30. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikubzala komanso kuuma nyengo yachisanu. Simuyenera kuyembekezera kukolola kwakukulu kuchokera pamitundu iyi, mpaka 12 makilogalamu a zipatso zokoma pachaka, ziribe kanthu, zingapatse chiyani. Kulemera kwa mabulosi okoma onunkhira ndi magalamu 35. Imayamba kubala zipatso zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Kutha kwa madigiri 35 kumatha kupirira popanda impso. Mtengo ukhoza kukhala chokongoletsera cha dera lanu. Mbewuyo imatambasulidwa, ndipo imapachikidwa pamitengo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nayi plum yotsika pachimake. Ingoganizirani iye, atasanganiza ndi zipatso zolemera 60 magalamu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipilala ndi mphatso yochokera ku chilengedwe, kusabereka. Odyera adawona mawonekedwe amtengowo ndikuwutchinjiriza. Zotsatira zake, mitundu ya mitengo yazipatso idawonekera, kuphatikizapo ma plum.
Chomwe chimadziwika ndi mtengo wotere ndi kusapezeka kwa nthambi za mafupa wamba, ndipo nthambi zamtengo ndi mkondo zimapangidwa pafupi ndi thunthu. Nthawi yomweyo, zipatso za mitengo yamtunduwu ndizoposa bowa wamba, ndipo palibe malo ochepa oti chitukuko cha mtengowu chikhale.
Pulamu ya Imperial ndi chingamu cholumikizira, mbewu yoyamba imapangidwa pambuyo zaka 2, zipatso zimatha 17, ndipo zokongoletsera zimakhalapo zaka zina zingapo. Zipatso za Imperial ndi zazikulu, 60 magalamu, ndipo ndizokoma kwambiri.
Mtengowu umafalikira kutalika kwa 1.5-2 metres, sufuna kudulira, koma umafunika kuthandizidwa, apo ayi umakotamira chifukwa cha kulemera kwa mbewuyo. Ng'ombe zimafunikira kutetezedwa nthawi yozizira nthawi iliyonse, makamaka mbande.
Bizinesi yofunikira ndikusankha ma plum osiyanasiyana popereka. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mtengowo umawonetsedwa bwino pamene agrotechnics imawonedwa.
