Zamia ndi wa genus Cygnus, banja la Zamiev. Ndi chomera chobiriwira chomwe chimatha kutalika mpaka mamita awiri. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 60 ya banja la zamia. Mtengowo uli ndi zaka pafupifupi 2000; kuthengo, udamera nthawi yamadinala. Ngati mutanthauzira dzina la chikhalidwe ichi kuchokera ku Chilatini kupita ku Chirasha, mumakhala "opanda cholakwika" kapena "chopanda phindu."
Zambiri
Mwachilengedwe, zamia zimamera m'malo otentha komanso madera a kumpoto ndi South America. Mitundu yambiri yazomera imakhala ndi thunthu losalala loumbika pansi lomwe limabisala pansi.
Ma plates a masamba amapezeka panthambi, ndikuzikuta kuchokera mbali ziwiri mpaka pamwamba. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a elliptical ndipo ali pamtunda wa petiole wautali. Masamba achichepere amafanana ndi fern, wogawana m'munsi m'magawo awiri.
Mwachilengedwe, chikhalidwe chimachita maluwa pakati pa chilimwe, ndipo maluwa atatha, zamia zimapanga zipatso zofanana ndi ma honi opanda kanthu. Komabe, mbewu yolimidwa siyimakhala pachimake kapena sichichita kawirikawiri.
Mu chisamaliro chachikhalidwe sichosangalatsa, koma chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati wamaluwa akufuna kubwezeretsa maluwa ake ndi mtengo wa kanjedza kakang'ono, zamia zitha kukhala njira yabwino kwa iye.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Zamia Zonama Parasitic - mbewuyo imamera ku Ecuador, Panama, Peru ndi Colombia munthaka kapena pamiyala yamitengo yotentha. Kutalika kwa kupanikizana kumafika mpaka 3 mita, ndipo nthambi zokhala ndi masamba mpaka 2 metres. Osachepera, mitsempha yaying'ono imakhala pa petianne ya masamba obiriwira amdima. Masamba a masamba ataliitali akhala ndi mbali, ndipo gawo lakunja kwa tsamba limakhala ndi mtsempha wautali.
Zamia Wodzaza - Zikhalidwe zamitundu yoterezi zimamera ku Mexico. Thunthu la mbewuyo ndi 80% pansi. M'manja achikale, imatha kutuluka panthaka pang'ono. Masamba a masamba ataliitali ndi okongoletsa, okhala ndi imvi-buluu. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid, kachulukidwe, cirrus ndi khungu. Masamba achichepere amaphimbidwa ndi mamba oyera mbali zonse, zakale kokha kuchokera pansi.
Zamia the Broadleaf - mbewuyo imamera ku Honduras. Yotsika, yokhala ndi thunthu lozungulira, lomwe limamera pamwamba pamtunda ndi masentimita 10 okha. Zina zonse ndizobisalira. Masamba a masamba ndi aatali, okhala ndi mawonekedwe owundikira. Amakula makamaka pamtunda wazidutswa zochepa.
Zamia Dwarf - ndiwofupikitsa kwambiri. Ali ndi thunthu, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 25. Ili pafupifupi m'manda pansi. Ma mbale opanda masamba ndi utoto, utali, wobiriwira wakuda, ngati kanjedza.
Zamiya Husky - Mtengowo umafika kutalika kwa mita 1, koma pafupifupi thunthu lake lonse ndi mobisalira. Masamba osalala ndi achikopa, amisili, obiriwira amtundu wakuda ndi kuwala pang'ono kwamaluwa. Kutalika kwake kumafikira mita ndikufanana ndi mitengo ya kanjedza.
Zamia chisamaliro chakunyumba
Zamia ndi chomera chokonda kuwala, koma nthawi yomweyo sichilola dzuwa mwachindunji, chifukwa chake, chimafunikira shading yosavuta. Kuyika zikhalidwezo kuyenera kukhala pazenera loyang'ana kumwera, komabe, limakhala labwino pawindo lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa.
Sill ya kumpoto ndi malo osayenera a zamya, chifukwa m'malo ano amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mwina angaleke kukula. Nthawi ndi nthawi, chikhalidwe cha kanjedza chikuyenera kuzunguliridwa pambuyo poyenda kwa dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, wofesayo azitha kupanga masamba ofanana masamba kumbuyo.
Ndikayamba masika, amathanso kupita kumakomo kapena kumunda. Chomera sichikonda kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mpweya wothazikika, kotero chipindacho ndi icho chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.
Zamia amakonda chinyezi chambiri. Kuti apange microclimate yabwino, mtengowo uyenera kuwazidwa ndi madzi oyimirira kuchokera mfuti yolumikizana bwino. Kamodzi pamwezi, masamba ake amayenera kutsukidwa ndi nsalu yonyansa kuchokera ku dothi ndi fumbi.
Zamia sakonda mpweya wowuma komanso wotentha, chifukwa chake sayenera kusungidwa pafupi ndi batri. Kuti amve bwino, wopukutira mpweya ayenera kuyikidwa pambali pake.
Zamiokulkas, kapena momwe amadziwika kuti mtengo wa dollar, ali ndi kufanana kwakukulu kwambale zamasamba, ndichifukwa chake adatchedwa dzina. Amakula mukamachoka pakhomo popanda zovuta, ngati mumatsatira malamulo aukadaulo azaulimi. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira Zamiya
Mu nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe, amanguya amafunika kuthirira okwanira. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika kangapo pa sabata, madziwo atapuma kale. M'dzinja, mmera uyenera kuthiriridwa pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yozizira, chinyezi cha nthaka chimachepetsedwa.
Kuchita mopambanitsa kapena, m'malo mwake, kuyanika kunja kwa gawo lomwe lili mumphika ndi chomera kungapangitse kuchepa kwa kukula kapena ngakhale kufa kwa woloweza.
Dothi la zamiya
Dothi loyenera kubzala liyenera kukhala lozama komanso lambiri.
Mutha kugula gawo lapansi kuti mugulidwe mu shopu yamaluwa kapena muzipanga nokha kuchokera pamtunda ndi malo ochepetsa, peat, humus ndi mchenga, otengedwa chimodzimodzi.
Pansi pa mphikawo, ndikofunikira kupanga ngalande kuchokera ku dongo labwino kwambiri kuti ateteze chinyezi pamizu.
Kupatsirana Thirani
M'zaka zisanu zoyambirira mutabzala, mbewuyo imayenera kuisinthidwa chaka chilichonse. M'tsogolomu, kumuika kumachitika zaka zitatu zilizonse. Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa posamutsa dziko lapansi kuchokera kumphika wakale kupita ku watsopano.
Komabe, musanazule, ndikofunikira kuyika dongo la dongo labwino pansi pa poto yatsopano, kenako ndikusunthira mbewuyo pansi ndi poto yatsopano, ndikudzaza matumbawo ndi dothi lokonzekereratu ndikuthira pansi pamwamba pake.
Pambuyo pake, nthaka iyenera kukanikizidwa pang'ono kuti ipangike ndikutsanulira. Zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi kuti chomera chikule.
Mphika wa mphika
Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa mumphika wopanda dongo. Ili ndi malire abwino achitetezo komanso mpweya wabwino kwambiri, womwe umalola mizu "kupuma".
Mphika uyenera kukhala wakuzama mozama, ndipo mulifupi wake uyenera kusankhidwa kuti ukhale wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa mizu.
Feteleza wa Zamiya
Kudyetsa ngongole kumakhala kofunikira kokha mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe pakulima kamodzi pamwezi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyenera kukhala zovuta feteleza wazomera zowola. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, simuyenera kuchita feteleza.
Kufalikira Zamia
Zamia limamasula kuthengo kokha. Nthawi yowoneka ngati inflorescences imagwera pakati pa chilimwe. Pambuyo maluwa, mbewuyo imapanga ma mbewu ndi mbewu zofanana ndi zomwe zimapezeka pa conifers.
Zamera zobzalidwa sizimachita maluwa, chifukwa kunyumba sizingatheke kuti pang'onopang'ono pakhale chomera.
Kuchepetsa
Kudula kwa kanjedza kakang'ono sikumapangidwa chifukwa cha kukula kwamasamba amamba. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba amakula pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kudulira kumasokoneza mbewu.
Mosiyana ndi zikhalidwe zina, zamia sizikhala zokongola kwambiri pakuchotsa nthambi, koma m'malo mwake, pambuyo pa njirayi ziyamba kuuma ndikufa. Kuchulukitsa komwe wobzala angachotse ndikuwachotsa mphukira zakufa ngati pakufunika.
Kukonzekera Zamia nthawi yachisanu
Kuyambira pakugwa, chisamaliro chomera ziyenera kusinthidwa pang'ono. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pobweretsa chinyontho pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira. Kumwaza ndikusisita masamba kuyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pamwezi. Sikufunika kuthira manyowa m'malo mwa matalala.
Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika, muyenera kusamalira chikhalidwe monga chizolowezi.
Kubalana
Pogwiritsa ntchito kudula, muyenera kusankha nthambi yaying'ono ndikusiyanitsa ndi chomera. Mmera womwe udalipo ubzalidwe mumphika wochepa ndi osakaniza ndi mchenga. Kenako chogwiriziracho chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena kuyikidwa pansi pa botolo la pulasitiki yofesedwa.
Tsiku lililonse, chomera chaching'ono chimapatsa mpweya wabwino kwa mphindi 15. Chinyezi chadothi chikuyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ndi kuthilira nthawi yake, kuti dothi lisaphwe. Tsinde likazika mizu, itha kubzalidwe mumphika waukulu, ndikupanga dope lalikulu la dothi lalikulu. Amangu aang'ono amagwera osakaniza.
Kulimidwa kwa mbewu ya Zamia
Kuti akwaniritse kufalitsa mbewu, wofesayo amatenga mbewuzo ndikufesa pamsakanizo wapansi wa mchenga wa peat, womwe uyenera kudzazidwa ndi chidebe chapadera. Mbewu zapamwamba zimafunikira kuwaza ndi dothi loonda, kuthira gawo lapansi ndikuwaphimba ndi polyethylene kapena chidutswa chagalasi.
Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kupendekera mbande tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo ngati pangafunike kupukuta dothi pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti. Mbewu zikaonekera ndipo masamba angapo amapangika pa iwo, amathanso kubzyala m'miphika yaying'ono ndi dothi lolimba kuti liumire, atapanga ngalande pansi pa thanki.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Popeza zamia ndi chomera chakupha kwambiri, sichitha kugwidwa ndi matenda kapena tizirombo. Masamba okha omwe amawopseza chikhalidwe ndi ulusi wa kangaude ndi nkhanambo. Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo zowopsa izi mwa kupopera mbewuzo ndi tizirombo ta Actellik malinga ndi malangizo omwe ali pomphukusi.
Kuchokera ku matenda, chomera chimatha kuvulaza kwambiri mpaka kufa - kuvunda kwa mizu chifukwa chakuthirira kosayenera. Mwakutero, mutha kupulumutsa chikhalidwecho ndikusinthira gawo laling'ono komanso poto ndi chithandizo choyambirira cha mizu yokhala ndi yofooka yankho la manganese ndikudula mbali zakufa kuti muchotse matenda.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Olima nthawi zambiri amakula ndi vuto longa chikasu cha masamba pachomera. Masamba amatha kukhala achikasu chifukwa cha hypothermia ya bala. Kuti mubwezere mwakale, chikhalidwecho chizisunthidwa kupita kumalo ena komwe zingakhale bwino. Komanso, chithandizo ndi Epin kapena Zircon chimamuthandiza kuthana ndi nkhawa.
Masamba achikasu zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Mavuto otere akachitika, ndiye kuti m'malo mwake muyenera kuthira mankhwala omwe angathandizire kukonzanso ndikuthandizira mizu yatsopano kupanga mwachangu.
Pakakhala masamba achikasu pamasamba ndikuwola kwawo kwamtsogolo, ndikofunikira nthawi yomweyo kulandira chithandizo, popeza mbewuyo idakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungal etiology, omwe ngati atachotsedweratu, atha kubweretsa chikhalidwecho. Kuti apulumutse kuzingidwa, ndikofunikira kumuyika ndikusintha mu dothi latsopano ndi mphika, mutasanthula mizu ndikuchotsa zovunda. Asanabzala zosakaniza mu nthaka, mbewuyo iyenera kusungidwa kwa theka la ola mu yankho la kukonzekera kwa Fitosporin.
Masamba achikasu amatha kuwonekera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo.. Mwa kuwononga tizirombo, zanga zidzatha kubwerera ku mawonekedwe ake akale.
Zamiya lolemba Feng Shui
Malinga ndi malingaliro a Eastern Feng Shui, zamia ndi chomera chomwe chimatha kukopa chuma komanso chisangalalo mnyumbayo. Amatchulidwanso mtengo wa ndalama, chifukwa masamba ake amafanana ndi ndalama. Kuti mtengo wa mgwalangwa ubweretse chuma ndi chitukuko m'nyumba yomwe imakuliramo, ndalama za China ziyenera kupachikidwa panthambi zake ndikuthiriridwa ndi madzi omwe amapangidwira ndalama. Muphika wokhala ndi chomera, mutha kuyikanso ndalama zingapo zazipembedzo zosiyanasiyana.
Mafano a Feng Shui amadziwa kuti mphamvu zake zamatsenga zimadalira malo omwe mtengowo unali. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungayika chomera m'chipinda chochezera, chogona kapena khitchini, ndiye kuti mutha kukopa zabwino zonse mnyumbamo. Mukasamutsa wothandizira ku ofesi, wolima maluwa adzathandizira patsogolo pantchito yake ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zopindulitsa pazantchito yake.
Pomaliza
Komabe, kuwonjezera pa matsenga ake, mbewuyo imakhalanso ndi zinthu zokongola kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa nyumba yanu ndi kanjedza kakang'ono kosadziwika bwino, komwe kadzakupatsirani chuma ndi mwayi, khalani omasuka kubzala loko ndipo onse "Wishlist" wanu adzakhutitsidwa.
