Zolemba za Florist: mtengo wa khofi

Kwa ine, monga munthu amene amakonda kubereka mbewu zamkati, chinthu chofunikira posankha nthawi ina kuti ndikwaniritse zosunga zanga ndichinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, mbewu yenyewe iyenera kukhala yokongola, koma osati yokha. Tiyeneranso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi ena, chifukwa nthawi zonse zimakhala zosangalatsa kunyadira chiweto chanu. Ndipo ngati mbewu yotere imaberekanso zipatso, ndiye kuti ndiwogunda weniweni! Ndipo chomera chotere mu chopereka changa ndi mtengo wa khofi.

Tonse tikudziwa kuti khofi imakulira m'maiko otentha, ndipo mitundu yake yayikulu imakhala ndi mayina odziwika kale: arabica, robusta, liberic ndi zapamwamba. Koma ndi anthu ochepa omwe adatha kuwona momwe khofi imawonekeramo nyama zamtchire, pokhapokha mutapita kukawona malo obzala khofi. Kodi sichingakhale bwino kukhala ndi minda yonse ya khofi pawindo lanu? Ndi malingaliro awa, ndinapita ku malo ogulitsa maluwa apafupi.

Pazinthu zamkati, ndizowona kusuta khofi umodzi, koma kuchokera ku mitengo okhwima kuyambira wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Mphukira za mtengo wa khofi. Khofi wa ku Arabia, kapena, Mtengo wa Khofi waku Arabian (C coffeea arabica)

Mtengo wa kofi wa ku Arabica, kapena m'malo mwake umaphukira, ndinapeza zinthu zambiri m'sitolo yazomangamanga. Pafupifupi 15-20 mphukira ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 7-10 yakula mumphika. Mphukira zoyipa, zofooka komanso zowoneka ngati zowonongeka zinatayidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo zabwinozo zidabisidwa mumiphika yazidutswa ziwiri kapena zitatu. Tchire lidakula mwachangu ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu lidasandulika mitengo yokongola yomwe idayamba kubala zipatso.

Zipatso za khofi zinandisangalatsa kwa miyezi ingapo. Poyamba zinali zobiriwira, kenako zinasanduka zofiira. Pafupifupi miyezi 6-8 yakucha, ndipo pafupifupi tirigu zisanu adakolola kuyambira nthawi yoyamba kukolola. M'malo mwake, mkati mwazinthu zamkati ndizowona kusuta khofi umodzi, koma kuchokera ku mitengo okhwima kuyambira wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Kukula mtengo wa khofi kunyumba

Dothi

Pansi pake mtengo wa khofi uyenera kukhala wopepuka kwambiri, wa airy komanso wovomerezeka. Mwakutero, dothi lomwe limagulitsidwa mbewu zotentha lingabuke, lidzangokhala ndi izi. Ngati mukukonza dothi nokha, mutha kutenga osakanikirana a peat ndi humus mogwirizana ndi 50/50. Komanso mumphika mutha kuyika zidutswa zingapo zamoto, zomwe zimapulumutsa kuchokera ku acidization lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, mphika wobzala uyenera kusankhidwa pamwamba, popeza mizu yake imatsikira.

Feteleza

Mtengo wa khofi umakula chaka chonse, motero pamafunika kuvala pafupipafupi, pafupifupi masiku khumi. Manyowa ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi zinthu zina. Monga feteleza wa nayitrogeni, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito peat, vermicompost, yomwe ingagulidwe m'malo ogulitsira mundawo. Monga chovala chapamwamba cha phosphate, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la superphosphate. Ndipo kuchokera phulusa mutha kuvala zovala zapamwamba zapamwamba za potashi.

Mapangidwe a Korona

Mbande zazing'ono za khofi zimangokulira. Zikakula, nthambi za mafupa zimayamba kukula, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi thunthu. Chifukwa chake, kuti chisoti chololera chikule moyenerera, mtengo umayenera kuzunguliridwa mozungulira mozungulira kuti mbewuyo imakula chimodzimodzi.

zipatso za khofi

mtengo wa khofi

mtengo wa khofi kukonda penumbra

Kusamalira mitengo ya khofi

Ngakhale khofi imakhala m'maderawo, sikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mphika powotcha dzuwa, popeza m'chilengedwe khofi limamera mumthunzi wambiri kuchokera pamitengo yayikulu. Mawindo abwino kwambiri mu nyumba: kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Popeza khofi ndi chomera chotentha, boma lotentha ndilofunika kwambiri, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Kutentha m'chipindacho sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 15 ° C. Kutentha kochepa, malire akuda amawonekera pamasamba, kenako pepalalo limasanduka lakuda ndikugwa. Komanso nthawi yozizira, ndikukulangizani kuti muike thabwa kapena polystyrene pansi pamphika kuti mizu ya mbewu isamere. Ndipo pamapeto pake, khofi m'magulu samalola kukonzekera. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusamala makamaka podutsa malo. Mphepo yozizira ikalowa mmera, khofi imayamba kuzimiririka nthawi yomweyo.

Khofi m'magulu silivomereza kulembedwa

Ngati nsonga za masamba ziuma pa khofi, ichi ndiye chizindikiro choyamba chouma. Yankho: muyenera kuwonjezera chinyezi mchipindacho - ikani chinyontho kapena chidebe chamadzi pansi pa batri. Mutha kuthiranso chitsamba pafupipafupi ndi mfuti. Ndikofunika kwambiri kutsuka masamba ake kamodzi pamwezi ndi madzi ofunda pansi pa bafa, kuti madzi asasefukira. Ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika chotere, masamba nthawi zonse amakhala opanda chinyezi komanso okongola. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwaza khofi pafupipafupi kukutetezani ku kangaude, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda komwe kamapezeka kwambiri kunyumba. Chizindikiro choyamba cha mawonekedwe ake ndi madontho opepuka pamapepala - malo ojambula, ndipo, mwatchuthi, timabwaluni tating'ono.

Ngati nsonga za masamba ziuma pa khofi, ichi ndiye chizindikiro choyamba chouma.

Muyeneranso kusamala mukathirira. Simungathe kudzaza chomera, masamba amayamba kufota ndikuyamba kugwa. Ndipo musamakhumudwe. Popeza masamba a mtengo wakumwa ndi wamkulu, chinyezi chimatuluka mofulumira kwambiri. Mtundu ukangouma, masamba azigwa nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi ochepa pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa nthawi zonse, koma nthawi yomweyo madzi samasunthika mu poto wamphika. Madzi amayenera kuthiriridwa kutentha firiji, kukhazikika, yofewa komanso yopanda laimu.

mabulosi aliyense amakhala ndi nyemba ziwiri za khofi

Zochitika pa mtengo wa khofi

Zomera zanga ndidapulumuka "kawiri kawiri kufa". Mlandu woyamba unachitika pomwe chomera chija chidatsegulidwa, ndikutsegula zenera nthawi yozizira kutentha kwa -25 ° C. Kenako tsinde lokha lomwe limatsalira khofi, ndipo masamba nthawi yomweyo adagwa. Mlandu wachiwiri - ine ndikalibe, mbewuyo id kuthiriridwa mosasamala, ndikuuma, ndikugwetsanso masamba. Njira yotsitsimutsira mbewu zakufa izi inali kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuthirira kocheperako. Pakupita miyezi ingapo, mbewuzo zidasinthanso zobiriwira.

mtengo umodzi wa khofi umatha kutulutsa 0,5 makilogalamu a nyemba za khofi pachaka

Chifukwa chake, kupatsa mtengowo malo abwino, mutha kusilira osati masamba obiriwira okha, komanso chidwi chambiri kuti mukolole khofi weniweni! Mwa njira, mukufuna kudziwa zomwe ndidapanga ndi zokolola zanga zoyambirira? Zachidziwikire, nthawi yomweyo ndidagawa m'miphika ndi nthaka ndipo tsopano ndikuyembekezera chatsopano. Posachedwa ndikhala ndi munda wanga wowerengera khofi pawindo, womwe ofesi yonse izikambirana, ndikukhulupirira, kupitirira.