Kukula begonias ndi bizinesi ndi bizinesi yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imafuna kuwongolera mosamala, koma mosamala ndi zovuta zonse zaukadaulo waulimi, zotsatira zake zingakusangalatseni.
Nthawi zambiri, masamba okongoletsa okongoletsa nthawi zonse amakhala obzala, koma mbewu zaubongo zitha kupezekanso ndi mbewu, ngakhale zili zofunikira kudziwa kuti njirayi si yachangu, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala oleza mtima.
Nthawi yopambana kwambiri ya kubzala mbewu ndi kumapeto kwa Okutobala - masiku khumi oyamba a Marichi, pamene masana ayamba kukula mwachangu, zochitika za dzuwa zimachulukana ndikusunga kutentha kofunikira kukhala kosavuta.
Kodi kukula begonia kuchokera ku mbewu?
Choyamba, musanayambe kufesa begonias ndi mbewu, ndikofunikira kusankha chida chobzala chamtengo wapatali komanso chofunikira. M'masitolo apadera, akatswiri otulutsa maluwa ndi osamalira maluwa atha kupereka mitundu iwiri ya mbewu: granular ndi wamba, osakwaniritsidwa.
Mbeu za peeled (granular) ndizosavuta kubzala, chifukwa, chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa michere, zimakhala zokulirapo ndipo ndizabwino pakufesa pamapiritsi a peat. Njira yobzala iyi imakupatsani mwayi wopitilira zomwe zimakhala zomvetsa chisoni kwa ana ang'ono osalimba ngati chosankha.
Musanadzalemo begonias wokhala ndi njere m'mapiritsi a peat, mapiritsiwo amayenera kuyikidwa pa chikwama, chonyowetsedwa ndi madzi, ndiye kuti mbewu za granular ziyenera kuyikidwa pansi aliyense wa iwo, wothira madzi kutentha kutentha kwa chipinda (ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito botolo lothira) ndikuphimbidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena pulasitiki yotayidwa pamwamba galasi pofuna kupitiliza chinyezi chofunikira. Kuthirira mapiritsi ndi nthangala zofesedwa pamoto, chinyezi chake chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, pokhapokha ngati mphukira zomwe zimapangidwa zimangowuma.
Kutengera kutentha kwa 22-23 ° C, mphukira yoyamba iyamba kuwonekera pambuyo pa masiku 14, ndiye, mutatha kupanga tsamba lokwanira lachitatu, mapiritsi okhala ndi mbande amabzalidwa mbande imodzi, ndikudzaza kwathunthu peat ndi dothi ndikutaya pamwamba mosanjikiza kwathunthu ndi madzi mufiriji.
Kufesa begonias ndi mbewu zabwinobwino, osati zokutira, zimachitika mosavuta mu mbande. Pofesa, ndibwino kuti musankhe dothi lotayirira lophatikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa peat pakapangidwe kake, chikhalidwe chachikulu pakukula kwa mbewu ya begonia ndikusowa kwa kusayenda kwa madzi ndi kuyambitsa bwino, kotero muyenera kusamalira makonzedwe oyenera a ngalande.
Ubwino wofunika pakudzala mbewu ndi njira yoyenera yofesera: njere zimapezeka pamalo osungunuka, otayika ndi madzi kuchokera mu botolo lothira, kenako mabokosi omwe ali ndi mbewu atakutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira kapena galasi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti muzikhala chinyontho chofunikira pomera mbeu.
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika mosamala, kuonetsetsa kuti dothi lonyowa, koma nthawi yomweyo palibe kusasunthika kwa madzi, zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa microflora ya fungal, yomwe imakhudza mizu yofooka yofowoka ya mbande.
Mabokosi amayenera kuyikidwa m'chipinda chowunikira bwino, koma nthawi yomweyo amayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa lowongolera, lomwe limangotenthedwa ndi mphukira zomwe zikutuluka, zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa masiku 10 mpaka 12 mutabzala, pamtunda wa 21 - 22 ° C.
Pang'onopang'ono, ndikofunikira kuyamba kuumitsa mbande, pomwe filimuyo imatsegulidwa pang'ono ndipo mabokosi okhala ndi mphukira amatsala pomwepo kwa mphindi 10 - 15. Kenako nthawi yotsitsimutsa (kuumitsa mtima) komanso kukula kwa kutsegulira kwa filimuyo kumawonjezeka, pang'onopang'ono kuzolowera mbandezo kukhala pamalo abwinobwino.
Njirayi imakupatsaninso mwayi wopewa kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda padziko lapansi, komwe kumatha kuchitika panthaka nthawi zonse ngati kutentha sikumawonekera kapena ngati sikusinthika, kuthirira kwambiri kumawonedwa.
Pambuyo pa tsamba lachitatu loyenera, mbande zimafunika kuzimbidwa m'miphika imodzi. Njirayi ndiyotopetsa, imafuna nthawi yambiri, kulimbikira, kuleza mtima komanso kulondola.
Zomera zimadzalidwa kamodzi pachidebe chodzazidwa ndi kuwala, zotayirira, zotayidwa ndi nthaka, zothira ndikuyika malo abwino, pomwe kutentha pang'onopang'ono kumatsika mpaka 20 ° C.
Momwe mungabzalire mbewu za tubonia begonia
Ngati mumaganizira momwe mungakulire begonia kuchokera ku mbewu, ngati ndi yamtundu wamtundu wobiriwira, yankho la funsoli ndi lalifupi kwambiri.
Ukadaulo waulimi pakukula nthangala za tubonia tambiri tili ndi zinthu zingapo:
- Kutentha kwa mbewu kuyenera kukhala 22 - 27 ° C;
- Pambuyo pa kumera, kutentha kumachepera pang'onopang'ono mpaka 19 ° C;
- Pambuyo pa kupangidwa kwa tsamba lachitatu, mbande zimakumbidwa;
- Kutola kwachiwiri kumachitika sabata 4 kapena 5 itatha yoyamba.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mapangidwe a nodule mukamakulira begonias kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ngati mungafesere kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, mudzatha kupeza tuber kokhazikika kumayambiriro kwa dzinja lotsatira.
Zowonadi, kukulitsa begonias kuchokera ku mbewu ndi ntchito yopweteka, koma ndizosangalatsa komanso kuthokoza. Ngati mumasamalira ana anu obiriwira, apatseni chisamaliro chabwino, muthera nthawi yawo kwa iwo, atetezeni ku zovuta ndi zovuta, ndiye kuti maluwa adzakuthokozani kwambiri m'chilimwe ndi maluwa owoneka bwino, owala, openga bwino ndi maluwa okhalitsa, masamba owoneka bwino komanso chitsamba chowoneka bwino.
