M'manja mwa botanists, ndipo pambuyo pake okonda zikhalidwe zachilendo, dendrobium orchid ochokera kum'mwera kwa Asia adagwa chakumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1800. Mpaka pano, mitundu khumi ndi iwiri ya mbewu zochititsa chidwizi amafotokozeredwa, ndipo ndizosowa kwambiri zachilengedwe, ndipo ena amatchulidwa monga maluwa omwe adakhala pangozi.
Vutoli ndi losiyana kwathunthu ndi ma orchid omwe amapangika mwapadera kapena kuwonjezeredwa kuti azilima m'nyumba. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zotchuka kuchokera ku banja la orchid. Chodziwika bwino pakati pa alimi a maluwa ndi dendrobium nobile - maluwa okongola okhala ndi mphukira zamphamvu, masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino ndi maluwa okongola onunkhira. Zomera zamtunduwu zidabweretsedwa ku Old World m'zaka zoyambirira za zana zapitazo. Ndipo chifukwa cha kukongola kwake, dendrobium ndiyoyenera kuwonjezera pa dzina la mtundu, lomwe limatanthawuza "labwino", "labwino", "lotchuka".
Kuphatikiza pa kukopa kwakunja, ma maluwa amenewa ali ndi mwayi wina womwe amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi okonda mbewu zamiphika. Amangozolowera zomwe zili mchipindacho, ndipo ngakhale wochita chidwi kwambiri satha kusamalira maluwa okongola ndi dendrobium kunyumba.
Mawonekedwe a orchid dendrobium
Ma dendrobium orchid amakhala makamaka ma epiphytes, akukhala mwachilengedwe osati pansi, koma kutsogolera kukhalapo, ogwirizana ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, mizu ndi nthambi zamitengo yamitengo. Maluwa amtunduwu ndi amtundu wamtunduwu, ndiye kuti amapanga masamba atsopano pamizu yokhazikitsidwa pamunsi pa wakale.
Akuwombera dendrobium, poyamba kumangokhala, ndikukula kopitilira kukhala malo ogona, okutidwa ndi masamba owoneka bwino kapena ozungulira. Pa moyo wake wonse, womwe umatenga zaka ziwiri mpaka 4, pseudobulb ya dendrobium imafika kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka, kenako imawululidwa ndipo, ndikupatsa atsikana aakazi, amwalira.
Mu zolakwika za masamba omwe akukula, masamba a inflorescence kapena mphukira zatsopano amapangidwa, omwe ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pofalitsa kufalitsa kwa orbrobium orchid. Maluwa amaphatikizidwa ndi ma inflorescence amtundu wa racemose, omwe kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 20 corollas amatha kutseguka, kutengera mtundu ndi kukula kwa mbewu.
Maluwa a dendrobium nobile orchid orchid ndi mawonekedwe awo apadera samasiya osayanjanitsika ngakhale olemba ena zamtunduwu. Lero mutha kupeza ndikukula mbewu mchipinda chokhala ndi maluwa oyera, a lilac, lalanje komanso maluwa okongola kwambiri. Ndiye chifukwa chake mtunduwu ndiwofunika kwambiri kwa alimi a maluwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndi ziti zomwe zingasunge orchid derbrobium nobile ndi chisamaliro cha kunyumba kwa oimira gulu lapaderali?
Zambiri za kukula kwa orchid dendrobium
Kulowa mnyumba m'sitolo, dendrobium nobile ndi maluwa okongola a mitundu yapafupi amatulutsa bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amawoneka abwino, osaganizira konse za mwiniwake watsopanoyo. Koma popanda chisamaliro choyenera cha orchid, dendrobium nobile kunyumba, nthawi zambiri, sangathenso kutulutsa ndipo mwina adzafa.
Zowonadi ndi zakuti m'malo obiriwira omwe mbewu zimadzalidwa kuti azigulitsa, amagwiritsa ntchito zokupatsani mphamvu ndi feteleza wa nthawi yayitali, ndikupatsa maluwawo chakudya chochuluka ndi miyezi ingapo. Chomera chikayamba kulowa m'mavuto abwino ndikusamalidwa ndi wofesayo, chizikhala chokhoza kusangalatsa ena ndi maluwa odabwitsa, okhalitsa mpaka milungu 8. (Werengani za orchid wa Phalaenopsis ndi chisamaliro chake)
Mwachilengedwe, dendrobiums ndi mbewu zokhala ndi nyengo yotchulidwa. Muzochitika zawo zakutukuka, pali nthawi yogwira, maluwa, ndi matalala. Ndipo nthawi iliyonse yotere ndikofunikira kuti pakhale zofunikira zake.
Kwa dendrobium, maluwa okongola a m'nkhalango amafunika kuwala kowala, koma osati kuwongolera mwachindunji. Kunyumba, izi zitha kuchitika pazenera zakumwera, kumwera-kummawa kapena kumwera chakumadzulo. M'malo ena, posamalira orchid, dendrobium iyenera kusamalira kuyatsa kokumbira.
M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imalekerera bwino zomwe zili panthaka, khonde kapena loggia, ndikofunikira kuti kutentha sikugwe pansi pa 10-12 ° C, ndipo dzuwa lotentha silikugwa pa duwa.
Ngati mbewuyo ilibe kuwala, dendrobium imayimira kusakhala kwa maluwa ndi mthunzi wakuda masamba. Dzuwa litapitirira, masamba ake amawala, amasanduka chikasu, ndipo nyengo yotentha imafota.
Pakati pa nthawi yogwira ntchito m'miyezi yachilimwe, dendrobium imakhala yolimba pa 25 ° C masana ndi 20 ° C usiku. Nyengo yotentha imapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ichepetse, ndipo nthawi zina imaleka kukula. Kutsirira sikokwanira pa nthawi ino. Maluwa amayankha bwino kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda oyeretsedwa.
Ndi nyengo yoyambilira ya nyundo, kutentha kuyenera kukhala 15-20 ° C masana, ndipo usiku mpweya uyenera kuphatikizidwa mpaka 7-12 ° C. Zowunikira panthawiyi sizisintha, koma kuthilira mu maluwa ozizira sikuyenera kukhala kocheperako. Ngati chisamaliro cha orchid deerbium, monga chithunzichi, chikuchitika molondola kunyumba, izi zimalimbikitsa mapangidwe a maluwa ndi kukula kwa ma peduncles. Mukangokhala ndi zizindikiro zakutulutsa maluwa, potoyo imasinthidwa.
Kwa orchid yomwe ili m'chipinda chotenthetsera, ndikofunikira kuti musangokhala ndi kutentha kwapadera komanso kusamalira kuyatsa koyenera. Orchid dendrobium imafuna chinyezi chambiri. Ndipo ngati nthawi yachilimwe mbewuyo ili yabwino pazachilengedwe, nthawi yachisanu muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa kapena kuyika poto pa pallet yonyowa ndi miyala kapena moss.
Dendrobium: chisamaliro cha orchid kunyumba
Kuti chomera chikule kwambiri ndikukula, ndikupereka ma pseudobulbs atsopano, ayenera kumva chisamaliro chokhazikika ndi chothandizira wa wophunzirayo. Dendrobium Orchid Care imaphatikizapo:
- kuthirira nthawi zonse;
- kuvala kwapamwamba;
- kuthirira ndi kusamba makamaka makamaka masiku otentha.
Chomera chimalandira kuthilira makamaka nthawi yonse ya maluwa ndi kukula. Koma pano ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kupezeka kokhazikika pamalo otentha kwa mizu ya maluwa ndi kosavomerezeka. Gawo pakati pa kuthirira liyenera kuti liume.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yamadzi ndikumamizidwa m'madzi oyeretsedwa, kutentha kwake komwe kumatentha kwambiri kuposa mpweya wozungulira. Nthawi yomweyo, kunyowa kwa dothi kungaphatikizidwe ndi kuvala pamwamba powonjezera feteleza wamadzimadzi a ma orchid m'madzi.
Ndikotheka kusinthitsa maluwa pokhazikitsa kuthilira ndi michere ya mizu. Pakutha kwa nyengo yokulira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kuvala pamwamba kumachotsedwa kwathunthu mpaka maluwa atayonekanso pachomera. Kuyambiranso koyambirira kwachizolowezi chisamaliro cha orchid dendrobium kumayambitsa ntchito osati masamba, koma kukula kwa mwana wamkazi.
Kutumiza ndi kufalitsa kwa orchid dendrobium
Monga ma orchids ena amkati, dendrobium siabwino kwambiri pakuwotulutsa pafupipafupi, motero njirayi imagwiranso ntchito mobwerezabwereza pambuyo pa zaka 2-3.
Kuika dendrobium orchid ndikofunikira pazifukwa zingapo:
- ndi kukula kwa mizu kuchotsa gawo lapansi kuchokera mumphika;
- ngati zowola kapena tizirombo zapezeka;
- pamene khalidwe likuwonongeka ndikuwonongeka kwa gawo lapansi mkati mwa chidebe.
Mtengowo umafunikira dothi losakanikira lomwe limatha kugulidwa m'sitolo kapena kupangika palokha kuchokera ku dongo labwino, udzu wosoka, utsi wa coconut, makala ndi makala.
Kuika ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri pakufalitsa masamba a dendrobium orchid. Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungapangire mbewu zazing'ono:
- kugwiritsa ntchito chodzala chamwana wamkazi pamwamba pa wamkulu pseudobulb;
- kulandira mphukira kuchokera kwa tofa ndi masamba a mphukira kuduladulidwa.
Ngati maluwa amakula bwino, mutha kugawa chitsamba. Koma nthawi yomweyo, pseudobulbs zitatu zabwino zatsalira chomera chilichonse chatsopano. Zakale, mphukira zophukira zimapangika mizu yoyipa ndikuphatikizira nthawi yayitali.
Kwa odulidwa a denbrobium orchid ndi ma rosette ang'onoang'ono ozika mu gawo lapansi, mkhalidwe wowonjezera kutentha umakonzedwa. Mwakuwala kowala, kutentha, mbewu zimapanga mizu yodziyimira payokha. Ndikotheka kupatsirana njira mu nthaka pamene ma rhizomes angapo amawonekera kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 cm.
