Bilbergia (Billbergia) ndi mbewu yobiriwira ya epiphytic komanso nthaka, ndi ya banja la bromeliad. Nyengo youma ndi kusintha kwina kwa kutentha ndizoyenera kwa bilbergia. Masamba ndi okongola, owuma, ndikuwoneka ngati chubu, chifukwa amadziunjikira okha. M'mphepete mwa masamba ake pamakhala zipsera, ndipo pansi ponse pamakutidwa ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino. Maluwa ndi owala bwino, ndipo amawoneka ngati ozungulira, amatha kupindika ndi chitoliro. Mtengowo umaberekanso zipatso monga zipatso.
Masinthidwe nthawi ndi nthawi amawoneka m'mbali, chifukwa cha zitsamba zazikuluzizi zimapangidwa zomwe zimakhala ndi ma rosette osiyana, mbewu yotere imatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 60. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mazira amtundu amaonekera patatha zaka zitatu. M'tsogolomo, chomera chikadzazimiririka, ma rosette amafa, ndipo njira zina zatsopano zimawonekera m'malo mwake, zomwe zimatha kutulutsa ndi nyengo yotsatira. M'tchire losatha, machitidwe ambiri amatha kuwoneka omwe amatha kupatsa maluwa nthawi imodzi. Pakatha miyezi ingapo kuchokera ku maluwa, njira zakale ziyenera kudulidwa, motero kusintha chitsamba.
Bilberg amasamalira kunyumba
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zowala komanso zosokoneza, koma ngati nthawi yotentha dzuwa limagwira kwambiri, ndiye kuti shrub imafunikira kupereka mthunzi, chifukwa mapoto awa amaikidwa pazenera kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Chomera chimatha kupezeka kumpoto chakumadzulo, koma sichimapereka maluwa. M'chilimwe, miphika imatha kusunthidwa kunja, chifukwa chitsamba chimafunikira mpweya wabwino. Koma ndikofunikira kuti mutetezere ku dzuwa lomwe likugwira ntchito, ndi mvula.
Kutentha
M'malo ozizira, m'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, chifukwa bilbergia imayenera kukhalabe ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 18-20. Kuti pachimake msanga, kutentha kumachepetsedwa, koma osatsika madigiri 13. Zomera sizikhala zotentha nthawi zonse, izi zimatha kudwala. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kuyenera kukhala madigiri 20-25.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Chomera chimatha kukhalapo ndi chinyezi chochepa mchipindacho, koma ngati kutentha kumapitilira madigiri 22, ndiye kuti amawaza madzi ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika, chifukwa amakhala ofewa. Maluwa atapangidwa, mphikawo umayikidwa pachigoba chapadera chopangidwa ndi dothi lonyowa kapena dongo lokulitsa, koma pansi pakepo sayenera kuyima m'madzi.
Kuthirira
Kuyambira nyengo yophukira komanso nthawi yonse yachilimwe, dziko lapansi mu thankiyo liyenera kukhala lonyowa, koma nthawi yomweyo siliyenera kuloledwa kuyimirira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kochepa kumachitika, kamodzi pa sabata, nthaka ikanguma pang'ono, izi zimavomerezedwa. Pazinthu zotere, madzi amatetezedwa, akuyenera kukhalanso kutentha.
Ngati kutentha kwa chipindacho kuli pamwamba pa madigiri 20, ndiye kuti madzi amawathira masamba. Koma pamatenthedwe otsika kapena ngati tchire lidamasuka, simungathe kuchita izi, apo ayi zimayambitsa kuwola.
Dothi
Bilbergia samasankha momwe dziko lapansi limapangidwira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lamasamba, peat ndi humus ndi moss wosweka. Kusakaniza koteroko ndikabwino komanso kopindulitsa ku bus.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Mukukula, kusunga masiku 14 aliwonse, kuchita zakudya zapadera za bromilium, izi zimachitika ponyowa. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zilizonse zogulitsira nyumba, zomwe zabalidwa pakati ponse. Pazinthu zotere, zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni ziyenera kukhala zochepa, mwinamwake mbewuyo idzafa.
Thirani
Chitsamba chikakula, ndipo poto utakhala wocheperako, ndikumadzinjira mu chotengera chachikulu, zizikhala ndi kuya pang'ono, koma m'lifupi mwake. Pansi pangani ngalande zapamwamba kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino kumizu ndikuchotsa mwachangu madzi ochulukirapo.
Kuswana kwa Bilbergia
Zomera zimatha kubereka mothandizidwa ndi mbewu ndi ana muzu (ana), zomwe zimakula kuchokera muzu.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Asanayambe kufesa, mbewuzo zimayenera kuzikiriridwa mu njira ya manganese, kenako ndikuwuma bwino. Zofesedwa mu chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga kapena moss wodulidwa, utupu umapangidwa kuchokera kumtunda kuchokera ku polyethylene kapena galasi. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala kosalekeza, pafupifupi madigiri 21, kwinaku mukusunthira mawonekedwe a nthaka, ndikupumira. Masamba akaoneka, mphukira pang'onopang'ono zimapanga nyengo yowoneka bwino. Pambuyo pakupanga masamba atatu, chomeracho chimabzalidwa mosiyanasiyana.
Kubalana ana
Ana samalidwa kuchokera ku chomera chachikulu m'mwezi wachitatu, zikagulitsidwa. Anawo akafika kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 20, amadzicheka ndipo amawadula. Magawo onse amaphimbidwa ndi makala amoto komanso owuma pang'ono m'malo abwino mpweya wabwino.
Pokonzekera dothi logwiritsira ntchito dothi lamtundu, magawo awiri amchenga, ndi humus imodzi. Komanso, phesi litha kuikidwa munthaka, lomwe limapangidwira chitsamba chachikulire. Kuti ana akwaniritse bwino, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 22, pomwe kuwotcha kuyenera kuchokera pansi, mawonekedwe a nthaka ayenera kukhala osachepera 25 digiri. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, muyenera kuyika mtsuko kapena chikwama pa zonse zodulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, sayenera kukhudza chogwirira chokha, chifukwa chake, timitengo zingapo timayikidwa mu beseni, pomwe phukusi limakokedwa, m'mbali mwake limalumikizidwa ndi gulu la zotanuka. Madzi omwe akudzikundikira amatsikira m'thumba kapena mumtsuko, osati chomera, mwina kuola kungachitike.
Mwanjira iyi, mbewuyo imafunikira kuwunikira kowoneka bwino, yopanda kuwala kwa dzuwa, kutentha, chinyezi komanso kutentha kwa nthaka kuchokera madigiri 25.
Miphika yokhala ndi dothi imatha kuyatsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera kapena mabatire wamba amagetsi. Ngati mikhalidwe ili yabwino, ndiye kuti mizu imayamba mkati mwa masiku 30. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kupewa kufinya kapena kuchuluka kwa dothi, ndikofunikira kupumira mphukira, ndiye kuti, chotsani thumba kwa mphindi zingapo patsiku. Ngati mphukira wavomerezedwa, ndiye kuti masamba obiriwira atsopano amawonekera pakati.
Mukadzala, zitsamba zakale zitha kulekanitsidwa, zimadzaphuka mu nyengo yotsatira.
Zovuta pakukula kwa bilbergia
- Tchire limatha kuwotchedwa ndi dzuwa, pomwe masamba amatenga malo amtundu wonyezimira - izi zikutanthauza kuti mbewuyo imayenera kusunthidwa kutali ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa.
- Pamene nsonga za masamba zimachita khungu - chinyezi chokhala mumizere kapena madzi ndiolimba chomera.
- Ngati dothi lili ndi madzi ambiri - izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka, kufa kwa chitsamba iko komwe, ndi njira zake.
- Ndikusowa kwa kuwala - zigawo zamasamba amatha kuwola m'mbali.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Bilbergs amathanso kuukira tizirombo monga nsabwe za m'masamba, ma mebubu, nthata za akangaude kapena tizilombo tambiri. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatha kubereka pamasamba, mbali zonse ziwiri, pomwe tzungu limawoneka kubiriwira, ndipo mbewuyo ikafa. Popewa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuyang'anira mbewuyo. Tizilombo tingathe kuchichotsa ndi chinkhupule kapena soli.
Ngati chotupa ndichofunika, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuchita ndi njira zapadera, ndiye kuti ndi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi karbofos. Kuti mupeze yankho, ndalamazo zimaphatikizidwa mu lita imodzi yamadzi ngati madontho 20. Zilonda zonse zimayenera kuzindikirika ndi nthawi, apo ayi tchire limwalira.
