Pereskia - imodzi mwakale kwambiri. Makolo akale a cacti amakono anali ndi masamba “abwinobwino” omwe, pomwe mbewuzo zimasinthasintha ndi nyengo yachipululu, nkusandutsira minga, tsinde lidayang'anira ntchito zamasamba.
Mitundu ya Peresian ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 20 yomwe imakhala m'malo otentha komanso owuma - kuyambira Mexico kumpoto mpaka kotentha ku South America kumwera.
© Caesius
Pereskia (Pereskia) Ndi mtundu wakale wa cacti wokhala ndi masamba. Makolo akale a cacti amakono anali ndi masamba, omwe, pomwe mbewu zimasinthasintha ndi nyengo yachipululu yopanda nyengo, idasandulika minga, tsinde lidatenga ntchito za masamba. Ambiri peresky - zitsamba zazikulu kapena mitengo yamiyala yamiyala yamtengo wapatali. M'malo akukula amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mabatani obiriwira. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi zipatso zabwino.
Pereskia ndiosavuta kusamalira, kukula msanga ndikukhala ndi mizu yamphamvu. Okonda a Cactus nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito peresia monga katundu wophatikiza cacti ina, makamaka zigocactus.
© Topjabot
Kukula Zinthu
Malo
Peresiya ndijambulira, ndibwino kuisunga pazenera lakumwera kwa nyumbayo, ndikupukutira makamaka maola otentha kuti mawanga oyaka asawonekere masamba. Mhunzi ya Peresia ikutha kukula ndikufa. Pereskia ndi thermophilic. Chimakula bwino masentimita 23-25 C. Usiku, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala kozama pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umayikidwa m'chipinda chofunda. Masamba akuda bii amasamalira kuzizira.
Kuwala
Kuwala kowala
Kuthirira
Munthawi yakukula kwambiri, mmera umathiriridwa madzi ambiri, koma kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka ili ndi nthawi youma isanakheke.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Wofatsa. Masamba amawoneka bwinoko ngati chomera chimapopera nthawi ndi nthawi ndi madzi ofewa, koma mpweya wouma umavomerezedwanso ndi pereskia.
Kuswana
Kufalikira ndi tsinde kudula kudula kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe. Zodulidwa zimazika mizu kwambiri pamtunda wa 25-28 C. Zodulidwa zitha kuzikiranso m'madzi.
Thirani
Pereskia imasowa nthaka yachonde komanso yoloweka, pomwe amapanga dothi losakanikirana, dothi lamasamba ndi mchenga wopendekera, ndikuwonjezera makala pang'ono. Peresia yomwe ikukula mofulumira imasinthidwa pachaka kumapeto, mbewu zakale - chilichonse pakapita zaka ziwiri.
Zothandiza katundu
Okonda ma Cactus nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito peresia ngati katundu wophatikiza cacti ina, ndipo nthawi zambiri Schlumbergera amatemera.
© Tsitsani Kwezani Bot
Chisamaliro
Peresia imalekerera dzuwa mwachindunji, imakula bwino pazenera lakumwera. Ndi kuwala kokwanira, zimatha kumera pazenera lakumadzulo ndi kumpoto, koma zimachita pachimake kwambiri.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti nthawi yayitali nyengo yamitambo nthawi yophukira-nyengo yachisanu, kapena mutapeza chomera powunikira dzuwa, mbewuyo imayenera kuzolowedwa pang'onopang'ono.
Zowoneka bwino ndi zonunkhira zomwe zimayima pamthunzi (kapena nthawi yozizira) sizingadziwike mwadzidzidzi ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa; ziyenera kuzolowera pang'onopang'ono.
M'nyengo yotentha, imathandiza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuumitsa mbewu, kulekerera pereskia panja (khonde, dimba). Pakadali pano, chomeracho chimayenera kukokotedwa kuti chitetezedwe ku mvula. Ngati mulibe mwayi wosungitsa mbeu m'chilimwe panja, muyenera kukhazikika chipinda chomwe chimasungidwa.
Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira, mmera umasungidwa bwino. Chapakatikati, ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuwunikira, kuunika zochulukirapo kumazolowera pang'onopang'ono kupewa kupsa.
Kutentha kwamtambo kwamtunda kumakonda mozungulira 22-23 ° C, ndi mpweya wabwino. Mu nthawi yophukira, kutentha kumatsitsidwa mpaka 15 ° C, mbewuyo imakonzedwa kuti ikhale matalala. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umayamba kupuma - panthawiyi ndikofunika kuti uzisunga kutentha kwambiri (12-16 ° C), osatsika kuposa 10 ° C. Sonyezani kuyatsa bwino, ndikuwongolera mchipinda chomwe pereskia ili.
Kutsirira pafupipafupi kumapeto kwa chirimwe ndi chilimwe, monga mawonekedwe oyambira a gawo lapansi, amauma amachepetsa, ndipo ndizosowa nthawi yozizira, kuti masamba asadutse. Musaiwale kuti kuthirira mopitirira muyeso kumawononga.
Chinyezi sichichita mbali yofunika.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembala, ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewuzo nthawi zonse ndi feteleza wa theka la cacti kawiri pamwezi, panthawi yopumira sadyetsedwa pofuna kupewa kukula kosafunikira. Kumbukirani kuti mulingo wa nayitrogeni mu michere ya mchere uyenera kukhala wocheperako pazinthu zina, popeza kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni komwe kungayambitse kuwola kwa mizu, mwachidziwikire mutha kutsatira gawo lotsatirali: nitrogen (N) -9, phosphorous (P) -18, potaziyamu (K) - 24. Ndikwabwino kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe.
Zomera zimafuna kupanga kudulira, zimachitika mchaka. Zomwe zimadulidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa.
Zomera zazing'ono zimadutsa kangapo pachaka - pamene zimakula. Akuluakulu - monga amafunikira, mizu ikadzaza mphika. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kwa peresia kuli koyenera chonde, kumasuka ndi kuphatikizira humus (tsamba, dongo-turf, humus, mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 2: 2: 1). Popeza mizu yake ndi yamphamvu, ndikofunikira kubzala peresia m'miphika yayikulu. Pansi pamphika pamakhala zotungira zabwino. Pambuyo pakuwonjezera, monga lamulo, kusintha kwakuthwa kumatsatira.
Kufalitsa kumafalitsidwa makamaka ndi kucha, koma osati kunyentchera, kudula komwe kumazikidwa mu gawo lonyowa, lotayirira..
© Stan Shebs
Mitundu
Pereskia moreiflorous (Pereskia grandiflora). Mndandanda: Rhodocactus grandifolius, Cactus grandifolius. Pansi pazachilengedwe, kufika mpaka 5 metre, thunthu limafika 20 cm. Masamba ndi achikopa komanso chonyezimira, amagwera nthawi yozizira kutentha pang'ono pamunsi pa 10C. Pali ma spikes ambiri pa tsinde, nthawi zina amafika pa 2-3 cm. Pereskia ali ndi maluwa a pinki omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence.
Pereskia lalanje (Pereskia bleo De Candolle). Mndandanda: Cactus bleo Kunth. Zomera zimafikira kutalika kwa 5 metres zachilengedwe. Masamba ndi akulu; njira yamtsempha imawonekera kwa iwo. Limamasula m'chilimwe. Maluwa ofiira owala a lalanje, mpaka kukula kwa masentimita 5-6, ofanana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, otseguka nthawi yamadzulo. Zipatso zosaoneka bwino, koma zowala zachikasu zonunkhira ngati chinanazi. Kudulira pafupipafupi kwa chomera kungaperekedwe koyenera.
Pereskia prickly (Pereskia aculeata). Chomera kuchokera ku malo otentha aku America, pomwe mbewuzi amazigwiritsa ntchito ngati ma hedge kapena kuti apeze zipatso - chifukwa chomwe zimatchedwa "Barbados gooseberries." Mtundu wa Pereskia ukufalikira kuchokera kumwera chakum'mawa kwa United States of America (Florida) kupita ku nkhalango ndi zigawo za Brazil ndi Paraguay. Chomera chobiriwira komanso chokwera chimafikira kutalika kwa mamilimita 10. Mtunduwu, womwe umadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri akale a cacti, uli ndi mnofu, wolimba kwambiri masentimita 1.5 mulifupi ndi masamba a loundolate kapena oval, wobiriwira wamdima, mpaka 9c cm ndi mainchesi 4 Popita nthawi, masamba omwe amakhala m'munsi mwa tsinde amawonongeka ndipo ma buluu a bulauni omwe amakhala ndi ma spine olimba kwambiri a bulauni okwanira 1-3. M'munsi mwa areoles, pansi pamasamba, pali mizere iwiri yifupi, yokhota. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso koyambilira kwa nyundo, pa mphukira yachichepere ya Peresia, chikho chowoneka ngati chikho, chofiirira ndi utoto pinki, maluwa onunkhira pang'ono okhala ndi mulifupi wa masentimita 2,5,5,5. Zipatso zanthete, zachikaso, 2 cm.
Pereskia Godseffa (Pereskia godseffiana) - magwero angapo amadzitcha kuti mitundu yosiyana. Koma olemba ambiri amati izi ndi mitundu ya P. thorny (P. aculeata var. Godseffiana).
© Luis Diego & Adolfo Garcia
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Kuperewera kwa kukula.
Chifukwa chake ndikosakwanira kuthirira mu chirimwe kapena kubowoleza madzi m'nyengo yozizira. Komanso, izi zimachitika popanda kupezeka kwakanthawi ndikuthilira kwambiri chilimwe.
Ndi wopanda kuwala, makamaka nthawi yotentha, mbewu imatambalala, kutalika kwa ma internodes kumawonjezeka.
Mapeto olimba a tsinde, pansi pake pali malo owola.
Cholinga chake ndikuthilira kwamadzi m'nthaka, makamaka nyengo yozizira.
Zowonongeka: mealybug, kangaude mite, nkhanambo.
