Ngwazi zomwe zimadziwika kutizi zimachokera ku North America. Spruce, monga ma conifers ambiri, amatha kuzolowera moyo wamthunzi, komanso chilala si cholepheretsa. Imakula pamadenga oyandikana ndi mchenga, umafikira kumtunda wama 40 metres (wobzalidwa - 25), umakhala pafupifupi zaka zana. Mtengo ungabzalidwe ndi zodula ndi mbewu.
Mitundu ya spruce imakhala ndi oimira ambiri, koma mtengo wapa siliva wa Khrisimasi ndi wochepetsetsa komanso wokongola kwambiri kuposa onse. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizochulukirapo, zimalekerera chisanu kwambiri komanso kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, sizigwirizana ndi chipale chofewa. Ndi machitidwe awa amaposa "abale" ake onse. Kuthengo, mitengo ya Khrisimasi imakhala imodzi munthawi yaying'ono. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje komanso kumapiri akumpoto kwa North America (madera akumadzulo). Nthawi zina malo awo amakhala mapiri (kutalika - 2-3 zikwi mamita pamwamba pa nyanja). Mtengo wazipatso zamtengo wapatali wa Evergreen spruce umaonedwa kuti ndi wamtundu wamtengo wapatali kwambiri, umakhalanso wokongola nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
Kufotokozera kwa prickly siliva spruce
Siliva spruce ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, a piramidi (ofala) ofunda okhala ndi mainchesi 6 mpaka 8 mita. Nthambi zanthete pa izo ndi zazitali, zamiyendo zopingasa, mawonekedwe awo wamba amatsitsidwa (wakale mtengo, wotsikira). Mtundu wa korona ndi wamtambo-imvi. Zabwino kwambiri komanso zotchuka ndi mitundu yokhala ndi "siliva" wapamwamba kwambiri pamtundu wa singano. Inde, mthunzi wabwino wa mitengo yolimidwa (chifukwa chosankhidwa nthawi zonse). Ndizosangalatsa kuti mphukira zikasiya kukula, kukula kwa imvi-buluu kumachepa, singano zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wamtundu wonse.
Thupi la singano zazing'onoting'ono limakhala lobiriwira ndi kuyanika pang'ono. 3-masentimita ofanana ndi singano owoneka ngati nkhope ali ndi nkhope zinayi pansi. Thunthu la mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa Khrisimasi wokhala ndi khungwa la bulauni imafanana ndi mzere wozungulira, mulifupi mwake ndi mita imodzi. Nthawi zina, mtengo wa 2 kapena 3 thunthu umapezeka. Mtengowo ukakula, makulidwe ake (pafupifupi 3 cm). Mtengo wakale umasiyanitsidwanso chifukwa chakuti uli ndi khungwa loipa. Ponena za mphukira za spruce, ndi zazifupi, zopanda kanthu, zolimba, mtundu wawo ndi wa bulauni, wotuwa kwambiri ndi imvi. Mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe owuma omwe ali pamwamba penipeni pa korona ndi cylindrical. Poyamba zimakhala zobiriwira, koma zika kucha, zimayamba kukhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni wokhala ndi chiputu. M'mphepete mwa zomangira zokhala ndi miyeso yokhotakhota. Spruce amawonjezera pachaka kukula kuchokera 12 mpaka 15 cm.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira spruce siliva
Spruce amakula bwino m'malo otetezeka pang'ono. Komabe, mtengo womwe suthamanga kwambiri panthaka usangalala ndi nthaka yachonde, pomwe mapangidwe ake ozika mizu yolimba ndi omveka. Yang'anani! Mukalowetsa chomera, musamapanize ndi mizu, pompopompo ndikupondaponda dothi! Spruce amaopa kuti pansi pamadzi pali pafupi, chifukwa ngati alipo, palibe amene angachite popanda ngalande “yofewa” (miyala ndi miyala ya pansi). Khosi la muzu liyenera kukhala pansi. Acidity yovomerezeka padziko lapansi ndi 5-4.5.
Monga tanena kale, mtengo wapa siliva wa Khrisimasi wabzalidwa ndi njere ndi odulidwa. Bowo lobzala liyenera kukhala ndi dothi lochita kugoba (mbali ziwiri), peat (1 gawo) ndi mchenga (gawo 1). Zingakhale bwino kuwonjezera nitroammophoska (magalamu 100) panthaka. Ngati dzinja lili lotentha komanso louma, mitengo yaying'ono imathiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata - ndowa yamadzi pachomera chilichonse. Siliva spruce, mosiyana ndi wamba, amalekerera chilala bwino. Mumasuleni dothi pansi pa mbande mosaya - 5-7 masentimita akukwanira, mutaluka, ikani masentimita 5-6 a peat wosanjikiza, womwe umasakanizidwa ndi dothi, koma osachotsedwa.
Nthambi zimadulidwa zouma zokha, zosweka ndi matenda. Mitengo yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maudzu pamafunika kudulira kwambiri. Ate akuluakulu ndiosakhazikika nthawi yozizira, koma singano zazing'onoting'ono zimayenera kutetezedwa ku nthawi yophukira komanso chisanu chakumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Yoyamba iwiri mutabzala nthawi yozizira, nthaka pansi pa mitengo imakwiriridwa ndi utuchi (masentimita 6-8) kapena peat, mitengo ya akulu saifunikira.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya siliva
Ngati gawo la malo kapena nyumba zapakhomo ndi laling'ono, sizingakhale bwino kukula, koma mitengo ya Khrisimasi, yosiyanasiyana mitundu, kutalika ndi mawonekedwe a singano. Mitundu yamtundu wamtambo wamtambo wamtambo ndi siliva imakhala yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa.
Wodziwika kwambiri ndi zonunkhira zamtundu wabuluu. Ndi wamtali (pafupifupi 10 m), wokhala ndi korona wokongola mawonekedwe. Singano za mtengo uyu ndi zolimba, mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira-wobiriwira mpaka siliva. Ndi singano zokulira, imapeza mtundu wopepuka. Buluu wabuluu wabzalidwe m'mayokha; samasankha dothi komanso chinyezi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala iye yemwe amakhala ngati Chizindikiro cha Chaka Chatsopano.
Chithandizo - Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya spruce yokhala ndi singano zamafuta abuluu. Korona amakhala wozungulira, kutalika kwa mtengowo pafupifupi mita 7.
Masingano opepuka kwambiri mumitundu mitundu Hoopsii. Mbali yake yapadera: kuti mupeze korona wokongola, m'zaka zoyambirira mtengo wachichepere uyenera kumangidwa.
Mitengo ya Khrisimasi yotalika mamita awiri ndi yokongola kwambiri. Pali mitundu yocheperako komanso ya pansi pa siliva. Chipere chokhotakhota ndi mtengo wokhala ndi singano zamtambo. Palibe kutalika kwa mita, yokhala ndi korona wowala. Pamakhala pilo wamtambo wofiirira. Kutalika kwake ndi 50 cm basi, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 70. Wamng'onoyo amatulutsa timitundu tofiirira tokhala m'mphepete mwa mphukira. Mitengo ya spruce yotereyi imawoneka bwino kwambiri komanso m'malo osiyanasiyana (kumapiri, kumapiri a kumapiri, ndi zina zambiri).
Kodi zokometsera zasiliva zimamera kuti?
Kukongola kwa silvery kuchokera ku North America. Mtengo uwu ndi chizindikiro cha mayiko a Colorado ndi Utah (USA). Imalekerera kudulira bwino, ndikupanga korona. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wa Khrisimasi nthawi zambiri umakhala ngati mpanda. Kupanga malo okongola, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yake yokongoletsera ndikoyenera. Makamaka opanga maonekedwe okongola amakonda mawonekedwe a buluu, omwe timawadziwa ngati siliva (buluu). Anatengedwa kuchokera pagulu linalake lachigawo choyambirira malinga ndi chilengedwe chake. Pamenepo, amayandikana ndi mitundu yobiriwira komanso yobiriwira. Mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochulukitsa mabizinesi akunyumba.
Ali ndi zaka 30 mpaka 40, spruce wa silvery amalowa nthawi yake yopepuka kwambiri. Pakadali pano, ali ndi utoto wowala kwambiri. Hferbone sikuti ndi wokongola komanso mtengo wothandiza kwambiri. Kukongola kwamtundu, mwachitsanzo, kumawagwiritsa ntchito cosmetologists: amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala hydrolyte, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pokupukuta kuchokera ku zida za distillation ndi gawo lomwe lili ndi madzi. Chithandizo champhamvu cha antiseptic ndi mabala othandizira amathandizidwa kuti azisamalira khungu la mtundu uliwonse (kuphatikiza ndi mafuta kuphatikiza).
