Pafupiti waubweya waubweya - umatchedwanso nyongolotsi yaubweya kapena shaggy, chosisita - pali chikhulupiriro choti chitha kuneneratu za nyengo yachisanu yozizira. Ngati zili zowona, kapena chizindikiro chongopeka, tikukuuzani za mbozi yotchuka iyi komanso momwe "mungawerengere" mtundu wake.
Nthano ili nayo: thupi la mbozi yokhala ndi ubweya limakhala ndi magawo 13 osiyanasiyana a bulauni ndi ofiira kapena akuda. Madera oterapo, otentha kwambiri nthawi yozizira adzakhala. Ngati chakuda chipambana, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira imakhala yoopsa.
Momwe "chimbalangondo" chidatchuka
Cha kumapeto kwa 1948, Dr. S. Carran, katswiri pa American Museum of Natural History, adapita ndi mkazi wake ku Bear Mountain National Park kukaphunzira mbozi zaubweya.
Carran adatenga njira zambiri momwe angathere patsiku, adazindikira kuchuluka kwa magawo a bulauni ndikulosera nthawi yozizira ikadzabwera. Kuyesera uku kunavumbulutsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya New York ndi mnzake mtolankhani.
Dr. Carran adapitilizabe kafukufuku wake zaka 8 zotsatira, kuyesera kuti sayansi iwonetse nyengo, yomwe ndi yakale ngati mapiri ozungulira Bear Mountain. Chifukwa chodziwika bwino, mbozi yaubweya yakhala mbozi wodziwika kwambiri ku North America.
Zambiri zamalingaliro
Khungubwe lomwe Dr. Carran adasanthula anali mtundu wopepuka wa njenjete ya Pyrrharctia isabella, kapena Isabella Ursa.
Ichi ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri ndi mapiko achikasu a lalanje okhala ndi mawanga akuda. Kugawidwa kumpoto kwa Mexico, United States ndi kumwera kwa Canada. Munthawi ya njenjete, siyosiyana ndi enawo, komabe, mphutsi yopanda mapangidwe, yotchedwa chimbalangondo chaubweya, ndi imodzi mwa mbozi zochepa zomwe anthu amatha kudziwa.
M'malo mwake, njirazo sizophimbidwa ndi tsitsi, koma ndizovala zazifupi zazifupi zotuwa. Amakhala nthawi yozizira m'matumbo a mtengo komanso pansi pa khungwa, choncho nthawi yophukira nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwonera gulu lonse la anthu akuwoloka misewu ndi misewu yammbali.
Chapakatikati, zimbalangondo zimakutidwa ndi cocoons ndikuzisintha ngati njenjete. Monga lamulo, malekezero a thupi la mboziyo amapakidwa utoto wakuda, ndipo pakati ndi bulauni. Ili ndiye mtundu wawo wosiyanitsa.
Kodi mbozi zaubweya zitha kuneneratu nyengo yachisanu?
Kuyambira 1948 mpaka 1956, Carran adawona kuti magawidwe a bulauni amatalika kuyambira 5.3 mpaka 5.6 mwa 13. Chifukwa chake, mtambo wa bulauni unkakhala zoposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a thupi lonse. Nyengo zomwe zinachitika nthawi imeneyi zinali zochepa, ndipo Carran adazindikira kuti zomwe anthu amakhulupirira kale ndizomveka, ndipo zitha kukhala zoona.
Koma wochita kafukufukuyo sanadziwitsepo pamfundoyi. Amadziwa kuti zomwe akumana nazo ndizochepa kwambiri. Ndipo, ngakhale ambiri adakhulupirira chiphunzitso chake, sichinangochitika choseketsa ambiri. Carran, ndi mkazi wake komanso gulu la abwenzi, adachoka mumzinda uliwonse kugwera njira zatsopano kuti akatolere atsopano. Adayambitsa otchedwa Friend of the Shaggy Worm Society.
Zaka 30 pambuyo pa msonkhano womaliza wa Sosaite, kafukufukuyu adayambiranso ndi Natural Museum ya Bear Mountain National Park. Kuyambira pamenepo, malingaliro pazakuyerekeza ndi kuneneratu zakhala zazikulu kwambiri kuposa kale.
Kwazaka 10 zapitazi, Banner Elk, North Carolina adachita nawo chikondwerero cha Autumn Shaggy Worm Festival. Chochititsa chidwi pamwambowo ndi mtundu wa mbozi. Meya wakale amawunika wopambanawo ndikuwonetseratu nyengo yozizira: magawo a bulauni kwambiri, ofatsa nthawi yozizira. Ngati zakuda zilipo, nthawi yozizira imakhala yoopsa.
Asayansi ambiri sanyalanyaza tanthauzo la mbozi yaubweya, poganiza kuti imeneyi ndi tsankho. Amakhulupirira kuti ndizopanda pake kuyang'ana unyinji wonyansa wa mbozi pamalo omwewo kwa zaka, kuyesa kutsimikizira nthano zachikhalidwe.
Katswiri wazomangamanga Mike Peters wa University of Massachusetts samagwirizana ndi malingaliro a anthu onse. Malinga ndi iye, pali kulumikizana pakati pa kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu ndi kupendekera kofiirira. Pali umboni kuti kuchuluka kwa mitsempha ya bulauni kumawonetsa zaka za mbozi. Zotsatira zake, munthu akhoza kuweruza nthawi yayitali, kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Apa pokha zimangotanthauza za nthawi yapita, osati chaka chamawa.
Mphutsi za Shaggy zimawoneka mosiyana chaka chilichonse. Zimatengera dera lomwe amakhala. Mukakumana ndi mbozi yaubweya mwadzidzidzi, onetsetsani mtundu wake ndikudziwonetseratu zomwe zidzachitike nyengo yachisanu ikubwera.
