Mtundu wa Tigridia, pazambiri zosiyanasiyana, ndi wa banja la a Kasatikov kapena a Iris, komabe akatswiri asayansi ambiri amakhala ndi lingaliro loyamba.
Duwa ili limakhala lokongola kwambiri komanso silimakula nthawi zambiri, ngakhale kuli kwakuti kusamalira silikhala lolemetsa makamaka, ndipo kukongoletsa ndikokweza.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Mitundu ndiyochepa, ndipo ndi mitundu yochepa yokha yomwe imalimidwa mchikhalidwe, yomwe imakonda kwambiri Tigridia peacock. Mtunduwu umachokera pakati komanso kumwera kwa North America.
Ichi ndi choperewera osatha, kukula mpaka theka la mita kapena pang'ono. Masamba a xiphoid. Kuchokera pa tuber imodzi yathanzi, timitengo ta maluwa tosachepera asanu timatulutsa maluwa aliwonse mpaka asanu.
Duwa la zisanu ndi chimodzi limakhala lobe, lalikulupo, lalikuda - kumtunda kwa perianth nthawi zambiri limakhala lofiirira ndi lalanje kapena lalitali, gawo lamkati limakhala laling'ono, lalanje kapena, nthawi zambiri, lowoneka. Maluwa amawonekera ndikutseguka potembenuka motero amatulutsa pafupifupi mwezi, ngakhale moyo wamsamba umodzi wokha ndi maola 9 okha.
Zosiyanasiyana zochokera ku mitundu iyi:
- Alta - inflorescence ndi yoyera ndi ofiira,
- Aurea - pamakhala chikasu pamoto,
- Canariensis - gawo lakunja la duwa lili m'mitundu yofewa, mkati mwake ndi ofiira,
- Lilac - ma lilac okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira ndi carmine.
Tigridia tubular mphukira yamtunduwu ndi yofupikirapo kuposa ya Peacock, pambali pake imabala bwino. Nthambi ndizocheperako. Maluwa ofiira okongola a pinki.
Tigridia Chess dzina la mtunduwu limadzilankhulira lokha - pamakhala pamtunduwu, mawanga amayikidwa mu cheke.
Tigridia kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro
Kusamalira tigridia si kolemetsa, komabe duwa limakhala lachilendo kwambiri ndipo kulima kwake kuli ndi malingaliro ake. Tsambalo likuyenera kusankhidwa kuti liwunikiridwe bwino, osati kuwongoleredwa ndi kulemba.
Mukadzala m'malo otentha pomwe kubzala koyambirira kumatha kuchitika, mphukira za mbewuzo zimakhala zamphamvu ndipo ndizotheka kuchita popanda kuthandizira, malinga ngati kuli dzuwa lokwanira ndipo kulibe mphepo.
Nthaka ndizopepuka, zopepuka, zopatsa thanzi, zokhala ndi ngalande, zosagwira nawo mbali, dothi la acidic sililandiridwa. Ngati gawo loyambira ndi lolemera kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, dongo, ndiye kuti limasakanizika ndi mchenga, miyala yamiyala. Kusamalidwa kwazomera kuli kofanana ndi chisamaliro cha gladioli.
M'madera otentha kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ku Ukraine, Kumwera kwa Russia ndi Belarus, kubzala kutha kuchitika m'nthaka kumapeto kwa mvula. Mababu amazikiratu pansi, ndipo pakati pa anthu amasiya masentimita 15. Pakatha mwezi kapena kupitirira apo, zikumera ziyamba kubwatuka. Tchire limakula, koma limayamba kuphuka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe gladioli amakulira pobzala ndi kusamalira poyera, komanso malingaliro ena ambiri pazomera izi, werengani nkhaniyi.
Mbande za Tigrid
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mukadzala mwachindunji m'nthaka kumapeto kwa masika, mababu atsopano samatukuka kwambiri, choncho ngakhale mutakhala m'malo ofunda kungakhale kwabwino kubzala mapoto pasadakhale.
M'madera akumpoto kwambiri, omwe ali pamlingo wa St. Petersburg, ndibwino kuti mudzaze kubzala (kumayambiriro kwa kasupe) m'miphika ndikuwakhazikitsa m'malo obiriwira nyengo isanayambike chilimwe.
Nthawi zambiri, mababu a tigrid amayikidwa mumiphika posakanikirana ndi peat, mchenga ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, timitundu itatu. Zimathiriridwa pang'ono, ndipo pakumaswa kumera, kuthirira kumalimbitsidwa. Asananyamuke kupita pabedi lamaluwa, amakula nthawi zonse m'chipinda. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, ndiye kuti mphukira zimatha kuyamba kutambasuka mopitilira kumtunda ndipo ziyenera kumangirizidwa kwa othandizira.
Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, amazithira dothi lotseguka, nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika ndi mphika. Ndikofunika kuti muike manyowa 30 a mahatchi osakanizidwa ndi masamba mumabowo musanachitike, ndikufanana dothi lokwera, kenako ndikani poto ndi chomera.
Kuthirira tigridia
Kutsirira kumachitika nthaka ikawuma, pamoto kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofunda ndipo, makamaka, azitha kuthirira kwambiri.
Ndiye kuti, kukumba chidutswa cha chubu ndi mabowo pafupi ndi chomera ndikuthira madziwo. Kutsirira kwamphamvu ndikofunikira pakamasamba.
Zomera za tigridia
Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuwonjezera kwa nayitrogeni pamlingo wa 35 g pa 1 mita2. Patatha mwezi umodzi mutabzala, pangani feteleza wamadzi amadzi onse, mlingo womwe umasonyezedwa phukusi.
Pa budding, palibe vuto kuyambitsa nitrophoska - 50 g pa 10 malita a madzi othirira. Yankho lomweli limatha kupopera masamba.
Tigridia nthawi yachisanu
Ndi maluwa osokonekera, mphukira imadulidwa. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mababu azikonzekera bwino nthawi yozizira. Ngati zimayambira ndizitali kwambiri kapena ngati zili pansi, musayiwale kudzipangira.
Pambuyo pa chisanu choyambirira, gawo lobiriwira la tchire limafa, kenako ndikudula, ndipo anyezi amakumbidwa, ndikuyeretsa pang'onopang'ono mbali ina ya dziko lapansi, koma mbali inatsala - igweranso pambuyo pake.
Ziwuma kwa masiku osachepera 30 m'chipinda. Masiku 10-15 mutayamba kuyanika zinthuzo, zotsalira za dziko lapansi zimatsukidwa, mizu imadulidwa, ndipo chitsa chimadulidwa mpaka 2 cm.
Kuti musungidwe mchipinda chouma, ndibwino kutenga mchenga. Ngati malo osungiramo madziwo ndiwunyontho kwambiri, ndibwino kungopachika zinthuzo m'maenje a nayiloni.
Chapakatikati, asanadzalemo, tubers adalekanitsidwa. Chitani izi masiku 4 musanabzike, chifukwa malo omwe mababu amapanikizidwa amodzi ayenera kuwuma.
Kulima mbewu za Tigridia
Kumagawo akumwera, komwe maluwa amayambira pakati pa chilimwe, mutha kutola mbewu za tigrid ndikufalitsa mbewuzo pogwiritsa ntchito.
Kufesa kumachitika pakati pa nthawi yozizira, yoyambira stratization, ndiye kuti, chithandizo chokhala ndi kutentha pang'ono, sichofunikira. Kufesa kumachitika mumchenga wosakanizika ndi peat muyezo wa 1 mpaka 1.
Gawo lapansi sililoledwa kuti liume, nthawi ndi nthawi kuthirira. Mphukira imayamba kubwatula masiku 10-20 mutabzala.
Chakumapeto kwa mvula, mbande zimabzalidwe pabedi lamaluwa, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira, mababu omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku mbewu zazing'ono adzakhala atayenerera kale kufalitsa.
Momwe angatolere, kusungira mababu ndikuwadzala, kutanthauza njira yazomera yobala, idakambidwira pamwambapa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kukula tigridia kumatha kukumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa ayenera kuthana nawo mababu ovunda nthawi yozizira. Kuti chodzala chitha kusungidwa bwino, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fungicidal kukonzekera, mwachitsanzo, yankho lofooka la baseazole.
Nthawi zina amapezeka dzimbiri. Nthawi yomweyo mawanga ofiira amawoneka pamasamba. Pofuna kuthana ndi bowa, mawanga owononga amadulidwa ndipo 1% yankho la Bordeaux fluid kapena fungicides yofananayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kupanda maluwa Nthawi zambiri zimachitika feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri akamayikidwa panthaka zamafuta, pomwe masamba amayamba kukula mwachangu, ndipo maluwa, mmalo mwake, samachitika.
Mababu a Tigrid amakonda kudya zimbalangondo zazing'ono. Mwa kugunda mizu ya chomera, amachiwononga. Izi tizilombo titha kuwazindikira ndi milu yaying'ono lapansi padziko lapansi. Njira yabwino yothanirana nawo ndi manyowa, uchi, kapena misampha ya mowa. Komanso, mutazindikira chisa, mutha kuchidzaza ndi sopo ndi madzi. Ngati pali tizirombo tambiri tambiri, kenako pitani ku mankhwala.
Zopatsa kudya zakudya zamadzimadzi. Tizilombo timachulukana mwachangu kwambiri nyengo yotentha, ndipo kuwonjezera pamenepa imakhudza mbewu zambiri zosiyanasiyana. Amasiya kumbuyo malo owuma achikasu paz masambayemwe amwalira posakhalitsa.
Chifukwa cha kupindika, maluwa amatha m'mawa. Amalimbana ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda potulutsa mbewu ndikugwiritsira ntchito fodya, celandine, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Nthawi zina tigridia amawukira aulesi. Kuti muthane nawo, ndikwanira kumwaza chithaphwi kapena mazira ophwanya mbewu. Komanso tizirombo titha kusungidwa pamanja.
