Lakonos - udzu wofanana ndi udzu

Zodabwitsa, zotentha, zosowa, - zokongola - izi zimawoneka lakonos m'minda yazomera ndi malo. Koma m'malo ambiri, nthawi yodabwitsa iyi, yowulula kukongola kwake kwapadera kumapeto kwa nyengo yamundayo, pokhapokha pazilala zokongola, imawoneka ngati udzu. Ndipo kulima kwa mbewuyi sikufanana ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse otuluka munjira iliyonse, ndizosasangalatsa komanso zolimba. Ndipo kusiyana kumeneku - kuthekera kokula popanda kusokonezedwa ndi thandizo komanso mawonekedwe owoneka - zimapangitsa kuti chomera chiwoneke kwambiri. Ndipo ngati mutazungulira ndi lalonos mosamala, ndiye kuti chikhala kunyada kwakukulu kwa chopereka.

Lakonos - mabulosi osatha kuchokera m'gulu la exotic

Wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati phytolacca, tili ndi chomera chodabwitsa cha exotica chodziwika bwino ndi dzina la laconicus, ngakhale chili ndi maina ena ambiri - zipatso za kermes, ivy yachiyuda, udzu wamafuta. Ndipo ngakhale sizikudziwikiratu kuti phytoluca ili ndi dzina laconic chifukwa cha juisi yake, mtundu wake ndi mamasukidwe ake, kapena mtundu wa zipatso za lacquer, izi ndizovuta ndizovuta kusokoneza.

Lakonos amadziwika ndi ambiri, choyambirira, ngati mtengo wochiritsa. Kuyiwala kusamala, zipatso za mtengowu zimagawidwa mwachangu ndikudya. Koma phytolacca ndi mbewu yomwe, pomwe ili ndi mphamvu yochiritsa kwambiri makamaka yogwiritsa ntchito kunja, imafuna njira yolingalira, yoyang'anira madongosolo ake moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Magawo onse a laconia ndi oopsa, ndipo ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, angayambitse mavuto akulu azaumoyo. Chifukwa chake ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito laconicus ndimankhwala odziwika, chithandizo chokha sichofunika, ndipo poizoni wa mtengowo akuyenera kukumbukiridwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka dimba (makamaka ngati muli ndi ana aang'ono). Kukhudza masamba a pacifier kumatha kuyambitsa khungu, mizu yake imakhala poyizoni, ngati zipatso. Ndipo simuyenera kuiwala za izi nthawi iliyonse, kugwira ntchito ndi mbewu pokhapokha ngati pali zoteteza khungu.

Fitolaki (Phytolacca) ndiotipatsa mankhwala opanda mankhwala. Adabwera ku Europe ngati udzu, udziyambitsa mwangozi, koma nthawi yomweyo adazika mizu mwachangu komanso ngati chosangalatsa kwambiri, chachikulu chomwe sichimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera cha theka lanyengo. Mwachilengedwe, lalonos amakula pamayiko onse aku America, omwe amapezeka ku Asia ndi Africa. Chidwi chathu mwa iwo chikukula, koma monga chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, phytolacchus imawonedwabe ngati chinthu chosowa komanso chosadziwika. Ngakhale, ngati udzu womwe unagwera m'minda mwamwayi, ndizofala ndipo nthawi zambiri chimachotsedwa ndi anthu osadziwika.

Lakonos ndiwodziwika bwino chifukwa cha nthangala zake - zotsekemera, zokhathamira ndipo mosiyana ndi nthawi zonse zamtundu wa herbaceous zanyengo yathu. Kulemera kwa mizu mu tchire la phytoluca wamkulu kumatha kufika 10 makilogalamu, ndipo mizu imachulukirachulukira, imalowera mkati mwamtunda, ukulu wawo waukulu uli pamlingo wa 40-50 cm ndi pansi. Pamtundu wa lacquer pamakhala masamba owonjezeranso, omwe, limodzi ndi masamba m'munsi mwa zomata za chaka chatha, amalola kuti chomera chiwoneke nthawi iliyonse ngakhale nyengo yotentha kwambiri. Chapakatikati, mphukira zimayamba kutuluka mphamvu kuchokera pachimake, ndipo kwenikweni patapita milungu ingapo amapanga tchire lamphamvu kwambiri, modabwitsa pamlingo wokula.

Lakonosy ndi mbewu zazikulu komanso zamphamvu zokhala ndi mphukira mpaka 2 m, zomwe kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake zimafanana ndi zitsamba, m'malo mwa herbaceous mbewu. Nthambi zake ndi zamitengo, zamphamvu kwambiri, pansi komanso pansi. Nthawi zambiri mmera umamera mtundu wamtunda wowonda ndi kaso, yokongoletsera, korona wamphamvu, wooneka bwino. Makungwa a laconia ambiri ndi ofiira.

Lakonos, kapena Fitolakka (Phytolacca).

Kukongola ndi chizindikiritso cha chomeracho, zotsatira za zachilendo kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo korona wophatikizidwa amapereka masamba awo kwa laconicas. Zachikuru, mpaka 20-30 cm, masamba onse owoneka bwino amakhala pazimphukira palitali zazifupi. M'mitundu ina ya phytoluca, masamba amawaloza kumapeto, pomwe ena amakhala ngati ozungulira. M'mphepete mwa maotchi oyipirawo ndiwonso wosiyana ndi chizindikiro cha mbewuyi. Masamba a pokeweed ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira nthawi zambiri umasinthidwa ndi mthunzi wowala wobiriwira kapena nkhalango yamdima. Masamba amasintha utoto nyengo ndi nyengo, kuchokera ku kasupe wowonjezereka komanso wowala bwino m'chilimwe, koma zambiri za metamorphose zimachitika mu kugwa, pomwe phytolacca yonse ikakonzedwanso. Pamwamba pa mphukira, masamba nthawi zambiri amakhala lanceolate. Masamba a mbewu, makamaka akatikisheni, ndimanunkhira osasangalatsa kwambiri.

Mbali yapadera ya lakonosov ndi maluwa komanso kuphukira. Ma inflorescence omwe amatengedwa mumakandulo ndikuwoneka ngati maluwa ofunikira a chestnut ndiwokhazikika komanso wandiweyani, lacy, ndi woboola. Ma inflorescence amafikira kutalika kwa 10-25 masentimita awiri ndi mainchesi 5. Masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira oyera kapena oyera-lilac amasonkhanitsidwa mkati mwake. Kubwereza kwathunthu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa inflorescence ndi chonde. Kuphulika ndi zipatso za phytolucia kumawoneka kuti ndizokongoletsedwa ndimakandulo apamwamba azitsulo. Mawonekedwe ake ndi okongola kwambiri kotero kuti sangathe koma kukopa diso. Mbale, zipatso zokhala ngati mabulosi kunja kwina zimayambitsa mayanjano ndi raspberries, mabulosi akuda kapena mabulosi, zipatso zina zokoma ndi zotheka. Amatseka kwambiri pakamwa ndikuwoneka bwino. Koma izi ndikusocheretsa, chifukwa zipatso za phytoluca ndizopweteka ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mosasamala, ngakhale pang'ono, ndizowopsa. M'malo ena a laconia, zipatso zimazunguliridwa, zina zimakhala ndi timagulu ta nthiti imodzi, totuwa. Koma mawonekedwe omwe sangawonekere ndi zipatso zowala bwino zomwe zimawoneka ngati zokongoletsa (malingana ndi lingaliro lina, chinali chifukwa cha nzeru izi pomwe mbewuyo idakhala ndi dzina lake).

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya laconic

Pafupifupi mitundu 25 yazomera imaphatikizidwa mu mtundu wa Lakonos (Phytolacca), ambiri omwe ali okongola komanso achilendo. Koma mitundu itatu yokha ya phytolacca, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndiyofunikira, "idakhala mizu" monga chikhalidwe. Zomera zomwe zatsalira zimamera chifukwa cha zamankhwala, moyang'aniridwa mwamphamvu.

Lakonos American (Phytolacca americana, m'makatundu athu, mbewu zimatha kugwiritsabe ntchito dzina lofanana Lakonos stamen khumi - Phytolacca decandra) Chomera chimawerengedwa kuti chimawagwirira ntchito. Ndi tchire mpaka 2 m kutalika, American phytoluca flagets wobiriwira, masamba owala owala omwe amapanga mawonekedwe okongoletsa pachitsamba chowoneka ngati milo. Maluwa obiriwira, pang'ono pang'ono obiriwira amatengera makandulo owonda. Kutulutsa kwa pokeweed kumeneku kumayambira mu Julayi ndikupitilira mpaka nthawi yophukira, zipatsozo zimaphukira kwambiri, ndikupanga mitundu yambiri ya piramidi-cob kuchokera kuzithunzithunzi zonyezimira (ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina mwanjira ya chipatso). Masamba opukutidwa ali pafupifupi akuda. Mafunde osinthika amitundu kuyambira oyera kupita magenta ndi inki amawoneka kuti akudutsa pamtengowo. Zimayambira nthawi zambiri zimakonzedwa mu rasipiberi wowala, kukongoletsa tchire ndikatha kuthira zipatso. Kukucha kwathunthu kwa zipatso kumatha mu Seputembala, amakhala nthawi yayitali pamalowo, ngakhale kuti zodzikongoletsera zotere za piramidi zimatha kuvutika kwambiri ndi mbalame. Phytolacchus amasungirabe zokongola mpaka chisanu choyamba, amakongoletsa dimba ngakhale mu Okutobala.

Chomera chokongoletsera kwambiri chilinso Berry pokeweed, kapena Fitolakka mphesa (Phytolacca acinosa) ndi mtundu wogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mu mankhwala achi China omwe amakhala ndi saponin wambiri komanso wowopsa pakugwiritsa ntchito ma rhizomes (izi sizimasokoneza kudya mphukira ndi masamba ang'ono kunyumba). Chomera chomwe mtundu wa rhizome umabwereza mtundu wa maluwa (mitundu yoyera nthawi zonse wokhala ndi mizu yoyera, ndi mitundu yoyera ya utoto wofiirira), imawoneka ndi masamba akuda ndi nsonga yolunjika ndi zipatso zosanjikana, zomwe ndizofanana ndi zokumbukira mabulosi akuda kapena mabulosi.

Palinso mtundu wina womwe umatengedwa kuti ndi wabwino kwambiri - wophatikiza Lakonos angapo-stamen, kapenaLakonos wokhala ndi mbewa (Phytolacca polyandra) Ili ndi masamba okulirapo, otalika 30 cm, kuphatikiza ndi mphukira zazitali mita. Maluwa amatulutsa maluwa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa chilimwe, ndipo maluwa m'manja owala siali wotumbululuka, koma wofiirira-wapinki. Zipatso zonyansa zimawoneka ndi zipatso zakuda.

Lakonos ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamphamvu, kapena Lakonos amakhala ndi magulu (Phytolacca polyandra).

Lakonos American (Phytolacca americana).

Mabulosi a Lakonos, kapena Lakonos drupes (Phytolacca acinosa).

Ngakhale kuti laconicum iliyonse pachaka imafa gawo lonse la mlengalenga, mbewuyo imakhala yopanda chonde. Lakonos amasungabe zokopa kuyambira pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kukula mpaka zipatso zowuma zitafika. Zonenepa zazikulu zimawonekeranso bwino m'chigawo choyamba cha nyengo, ngakhale phytoluca imawonetsa kukongola kwake konse pakugwa. Iye ndi amodzi mwanjira zosinthika kwambiri zomwe zimatha kupanga malo okongola.

Pazopangidwira m'munda ntchito za lenonos:

• ngati chomera chakumbuyo;
• m'malo owerengeka;
• monga maluwa okongoletsera ophatikizira nyimbo kumapeto kwa chirimwe ndi nthawi yophukira;
• ngati mbewu yodulidwa (inflorescence ndiyitali kwambiri);
• m'mbali mwake, mipanda, mipanda, nyumba, "makoma" otopetsa;
• chokongoletsera chamaluwa;
• ngati chophimba komanso chowonekera chobiriwira kuzungulira malo achisangalalo;
• kwa ovala a masamba akuluakulu, masewera okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe;
• monga chosangalatsa mu nyimbo;
• m'magulu a zitsamba zokhala ndi masamba yaying'ono;
• ngati sitolo ya mitengo yayikulu yokhala ndi korona;
• mu gawo lalitali lalitali pamabedi a maluwa;
• Pamodzi ndi udzu wokhala ndi tchire tokha.

Zofunikira ndi Lakonos

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zosakhazikika bwino komanso zolimba zomwe zingabzalidwe m'munda wanu wokha. M'malo mwake, chinthu chokhacho chomwe muyenera kusamalira ndichonde chokwanira chonde. Nthaka yovunda imatsogolera ku kuti laconia imakula pang'onopang'ono, idzakhala yotsika, "kope loyera" lokha la abale ake. Kupanda kutero, ndi wololera kwathunthu. M'madothi osalowerera ndale popanda acidity wamphamvu, imatha kukhazikika pakatikati, komanso kowala, komanso panthaka lolemera. Zodzaza dongo loamy ndizabwino.

Fitolaki ndi mbewu zachikondi zopepuka zomwe zimamva bwino m'dera lililonse lowala. Koma ngakhale atagwedezeka, amakhalabe mawu abwino kwambiri amalemba. Lakonosa azolowera malo osawala owala, komabe, kugwedezeka kumakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa maluwa ndikuchedwa kukuchulukitsa zipatso pambuyo pake.

Kuti chomera chikhale chokongoletsa kwa nthawi yayitali, sichinadwalidwe koyamba kuziziritsa, ndibwino kuyiyika m'malo otetezedwa ku mphepo komanso kusala. Pamalo okhala ndi kamphepo, mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kuvutika nthawi yamasika.

Zomera zobzalidwa molingana ndi momwe zimakhalira, koma mu maenje akuya kwambiri komanso otambalala, osamalira mizu mosamala.

Kusamalira Lakonos

Amakhulupirira kuti chomera ichi chimatha kukula ngati udzu. Koma masamba okongoletsa kwambiri komanso maluwa ambiri okhala ndi zipatso sangatheke popanda chisamaliro. Makamaka ngati munabzala phytolacca yaku America. Chomera chamtunduwu chimakonda kuthirira kwambiri ndipo chimavutika kwambiri ndi chilala, chifukwa chake ngati nkotheka kuyambitsa njira zokhazikika kapena osachepera kutentha, kukopa kwa laconicus kudzangopindula ndi izi. Koma ngati simungathe kuthirira, kapena kuti mwangodzilimbitsa madzi ochepa okha, ndiye kuti varnish iyi imakusangalatsani. Ma phytoluccas ena safuna kuthirira, koma pachilala chadzaoneni amalandilidwa.

Kusamalako konse kumatsalira kuchotsedwa kwa gawo la mlengalenga chomera chisanafike chisanu. Zomera ziyenera kudulidwa pansi.

Phytolacs wozizira

Pofuna kusungira osati masamba okhawo omwe ali pa ma rhizomes, komanso masamba akuluakulu okonzanso m'munsi mwa mphukira nthawi yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuti mulch ya phytoluca m'malo omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri - ikuphimbe ndi masamba owuma, humus, peat kapena mulch ina iliyonse yomwe mungapezeke nayo, ndikupanga mpira 10 cm pamtunda. Ndiwo njira zonse zomwe phytoluca imasinthiratu nyengo iliyonse modabwitsa.

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Fitolakka amangoona kuti ndi imodzi mwazomera zokhazikika zam'munda. Tizilombo ndi matenda pachomera ndizosowa kwambiri, koma phytoluc wa tizirombo amatulutsa tizirombo tomwe timayandikana ndi mbewu (zimagwira makamaka pothana ndi tizirombo ta zipatso - sawflies, codling moth, etc.).

Lakonos ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamphamvu, kapena Lakonos amakhala ndi magulu (Phytolacca polyandra).

Njira zolerera

Kubzala mbewu za pokeweed

Mu phytoluca, amataya msanga, ndiye kuti muyenera kufesa mbewu mukakolola. Pakati panjira ndi chisanu choyambirira, mwina sizinakhwime, koma nthawi zambiri mbewuzo zimakololedwa chaka chilichonse. Kufesa phytolacques kumachitika popanda kuyeretsa kuchokera ku zamkati za zipatso, kulowa mu dothi pamabedi. Mabulosi akuya sikufunika. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, mbewu yophukira imapatsa mbande zoyambirira zomwe zimayamba kutulutsa nthaka ikayamba kutentha. Mbewu zikukula mwachangu kwambiri, zolimba ndizopereka inflorescence zoyambirira chaka chino, koma simuyenera kuthamangira kusamutsa mbewu kumalo osatha. Wochulukitsa ukuchitika mkatikati mwa masika chaka chamawa mutamera mbande. Mbande zimafika pamlingo wawo wabwinopo kuposa chaka chachitatu.

Kupatukana kwa Rhizome

Fitolaki ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo angapo ndikulandira mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito masamba. Koma mutha kugawa mbewu mudakali achichepere, popeza nthambuyo idakwiriridwa kale ndi zaka zisanu, kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu khumi, sizingatheke kukumba chomera popanda kuwonongeka ndi kuvulala kwakukulu.

Samosev

Chomera chimagawidwa mwachangu kwa mbalame, nthawi zambiri chimadzipatsa zokha, ngati zipatsozo zatsalira tchire. Mphukira zazing'ono zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mbande zakonzeka.