Kutuluka kwamadzi kuchitsime ndikotheka kokha ndi pampu. Pampu yomizidwa pachitsime iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira - kukweza madzimadzi mpaka kutalika kukonzedweratu ndi momwe mungafunire kuyenda, kukhala otetezeka komanso odalirika. Chisankho chodziwa pampu chimatha kupangidwa, podziwa mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida, magwiridwe antchito.
Makina otsogola a madzi am'madzi pachitsime
Kusankhidwa kwa pampu yopanda chitsime kumayamba ndi kuphunzira pachitsime, kupereka madzi ku thanki inayake kutalika kapena mtunda. Zambiri zoyambirira zimapezeka papasipoti ya chitsime:
- kuya kwakukulu;
- kuchuluka kwa galasi;
- mulingo wamphamvu - kuchepa pakugwira ntchito pampu kumatha kukhala mamita 3-8;
- kuchuluka kwa madzi - kutumphuka kwa madzi nthawi iliyonse kuchokera patali.
Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, ndikofunikira kuwerengera mutu wapamwamba komanso kutulutsa mphamvu. Zabwino siziyenera kupitilira kupanga bwino.
Kugwirira ntchito kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo chizichitika ku "kuyanika", kungapangitse kuti madzi awonongeke chifukwa cha kusintha kwa magwero.
Kupsinjika kwa pampu yopondera pachitsime kuyenera kupereka kukwera kwamadzi kuchokera pachitsime ndikuyenda kulowa mu thanki. Ngati batire ili kutali, mita 10 iliyonse ya payipi yopingasa imakhala yolingana ndi mita imodzi ya kukakamiza. Ndikofunikira kuganizira zowonongeka pakukaniza ndi kugwada kwa 20%, ndikuwonjezera 10-30 m kuti mupange kupanikizika mu chitoliro. Fotokozani mwachidule miyezo yonse; uyu ndiye mutu wapampu womwe ukufunidwa.
Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito pampu yamadzi yam'madzi yam'madzi yam'madzi imasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa 300 l / h pa munthu aliyense. Pogwiritsa ntchito malo osungira madzi, kumwa kumatha kuchepetsedwa. Mitengo yapamwamba idzalipiridwa pochepetsa batire.
Mitundu ya Submersible Well Pump
Pali mitundu ingapo yamapampu amchere, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana pa kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito zida:
- centrifugal;
- chisoti;
- nanjenjemera.
Pampu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ya centrifugal submersible. M'nyumba yosindikizidwa shaft ndi othamangitsa, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi mota yamagetsi yomangidwa. Kupanga ndi kupanikizika kwa chipangizocho kumadalira kuchuluka kwa omwe amathandizira kutsinde. Mawilo amapangidwa ndi zida zapadera, polycarbonate, chitsulo kapena noril. Thupi lalitali, magudumu ambiri munjira, injini zamphamvu. Potere, kuyika kokhala ndi mtanda wamtunda wa 120 mm ndikokwanira kuti pakhale pampu momwemo.
Zida zomwe zili pachitsime ziyenera kukulitsa kudalirika. Makina a pompopompo submersible amatiteteza pakuwonongeka kwa magetsi, kutentha kwambiri ndi "poyambira". Mtsogoleri komanso wopanga mapampu oyenda bwino ndi kampani ya ku Danish Grundfoz. SP, SQ mndandanda wapangidwa kuti uikemo zitsime. Mtengo wa pampu yaying'ono pachitsime cha Grundfos ndi ma ruble 30,000. Koma pampu ndi yodalirika, yolimba, imatha kupopa ngakhale madzi amatope akuya kuya kwa 50 m.
Pampu ya Aquarius idzawononga mtengo katatu. Sawopa kuyimitsidwa kwa mchenga mpaka 180 g / m3, magetsi akutsika. Koma amatha kukweza madzi kuchokera kutalika kufika mpaka 10 metres.
M'mapampu omuzungulira, kupanikizika ndi mphamvu zimalumikizana. Kupanikizika ndikokwezeka, kumatsitsa madziwo.
Pampu zamadzi zopopera
Kupezeka kwa ulusi wamkati pa stator ndi kuzungulira kwa pampu kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kotheka kukweza madzi akuda kwambiri. Pompo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bedi loyera m'chipindacho, pokoka madzi oyambira. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwina ndikosavulaza, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi ndi kotsika kuposa 65%, ndipo sizowona kuyiyika mu zitsime ndi madzi oyera.
Zopaka screw ndikuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha kusinthika kumawonjezera zokolola, kukakamiza kumakhalabe kosasinthika.
Pampu za Submersible screw zamadzi zitha kugulidwa ku kampani ya Aquarius ya BTsPE mndandanda. Zipangizozi ndizophatikiza, kuyika bwino mu 110 mm ndikotheka. Mutha kugula mtundu wa Belamos Belarusian. Mpope wa Unipump ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa zida izi, koma umapamwamba kwambiri momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Pampu zopumira
Pompo vibrate amatchedwa choncho chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa membrane mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC ya 50 Hz. Popeza mitengoyo imasintha ka 50 pamphindikati, chiwerengero cha oscillations ndichulukanso 2. Poterepa, jitter ya mlandu imapezeka, ndipo chida chonsecho chimatchedwa vibrational. Pompo imaphatikizapo zinthu ndi zigawo zotsatirazi:
- Pulogalamu yoyendetsa pampu imayimiriridwa ndi electromagnet, yomwe imayimira pakati pa U-wokhala ndi phokoso mu jekete la epoxy - phata.
- Vibrator ndi nangula wokhala ndi ndodo yokhazikika yokhala ndi chowirira cha mphira. Chowunthiracho chimalumikizidwa ndi malaya a mphira, omwe amagwira ntchito yolowetsa ndikukonza ndodo.
- Ndodo ndi ndodo yomwe imalowera m'chipinda chamadzi ndipo imakonzedwa kuchokera kumbali yonyowa.
- Chipinda choperekera madzi ndi cholandirira ndikuchotsa chitoliro cha nthambi.
- Kusintha ma washer. Kukula kwakukulu, kumakhala kwakukulu kugwira ntchito pampu. Ndi chithandizo chawo, matalikidwe oyendetsa pisitoni amasinthidwa.
- Ma Rubber gaskets amakhala ngati oyamwa ndi odabwitsa komanso ma valve.
Mwachilengedwe, pali zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi apamwamba komanso ochepa. Payipi yapamwamba yam'madzi imakuthandizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito zotsukira, osati madzi osalala.
Kapangidwe kameneka kanapangidwa m'zaka zapitazi ku Soviet Union, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko a CIS, amaimiridwa ndi mapampu Trickle, Kid, Aquarius. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwazinthuzi kugwira ntchito ndi madzi akuda kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa pansi pa chitsime kuchokera pa sludge. Pankhaniyi, pampu yokhala ndi mpanda wotsika uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamapeto pa kuyeretsa bwino, magawo a mphira adzafunika asinthidwe, koma zimawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa kugulitsa gulu la antchito.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa pampu yopanda madzi ndi chitsime chopopera
Mapampu olimira amasiyana pamagulu. Zipangizo zopangidwira kukweza madzi ozizira oyera, othandizira otentha ndi kupopera zakumwa ndi makina ndi zodetsa zina. Pompopompo kutaya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu.
Pampu yomiza yomwe ili ndi gawo lalikulu, mabowo a mpanda, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala ndi chopukusira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zinyalala, kupopera madzi kuchokera pansi, madzi okumba, zitsime kapena malo osungira zinyalala.
Pampu zomiza pachitsime zimatha kupopera madzi kuchokera pansi mpaka 20 metres;
Kapangidwe ka mapampu amadziwe am'madzi ndikosavuta, koma chitetezo chapadera ndi chakunja ndichofunikira kupompa mankhwala apadera. Chifukwa chake, mapampu onse amadzimadzi amatha kugwira ntchito pa wothandizira ozizira, ndipo mitundu yakunja yodalirika - Grundfoz, Park, Karcher - idalira mapangidwe amadzi otentha. Pampu zawo zimakhala ndi makina othandiza kuti magetsi azizizira pang'onopang'ono, amapanga njira yopanga. Pazomwe mumapanga zakumwa zozizira, zida za Makanda ndi MaCalig zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mulimonsemo, malo osalimba opopera madzi akumwa akuwonjezera motors.
Kukhazikitsa kwa pompopompo kwa madzi opopera ndi kosavuta. Pampu imayikidwa pa ndege ndipo payipi imayikidwa pamzere wakutulutsa. Lumikizani, yang'anani kukhalapo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa kusinthasintha. Ikani chipangizocho, chikutsitsa pansi kapena kupachika pamtunda winawake.
