Kuyambira kale, mbewu zamtchire zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aborigine kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Zitsamba adazisonkhanitsa m'malo osiyanasiyana munthawi zosiyanasiyana. Pachikhalidwe, tchuthi chatchalitchi chimakhala malo othandiza pokambirana. Amakhulupilira kuti zitsamba zochizira, mizu ndi zipatso zomwe zimakololedwa panthawiyi zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yakuchiritsa: Utatu, Tsiku Lakusamba kwa Agrafena, Tsiku la Peter, Tsiku la Ivan Kupala, Kusintha, Assidence.
Tiyi wochokera ku zitsamba.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugula kwa mankhwala azomera
Zachidziwikire, sizoletsedwa kugula mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi yonse yofunda, koma malamulo ena oti atengere mankhwala opangira mankhwala ayenera kutsatiridwa. Apo ayi, ntchito yonse idzachitika pachabe. Ndalama zomwe zakonzedwa moyenera zimathandizira kuti muchepetse kugona mokwanira pambuyo pa tsiku lotanganidwa, kuchepetsa komanso nthawi zina kuthetseratu mavuto am'mimba, chiwindi, impso, kutupa, kuzizira, kuyeretsa komanso kuchiritsa khungu.
Mutha kukolola zopangira mankhwala posankha zakutchire kapena kulimidwa mnyumba yanu yakomweko. Munthu aliyense wokhala chilimwe amafunika kukhala ndi chifuwa pachimake. Itha kugawidwa pabedi lina, lomwe ndilophweka kwambiri mukamachoka ndi kukolola zopangira zomwe sizingakonzedwe ndi chilichonse.
Ngati mbewu yabzalidwe m'mabedi azomera ndikuikonza pamodzi ndi mbewu zomwe zikumera pamenepo, mbewu zotere sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zopangira mankhwala.
Kodi mukufunikira zida zothandizira mdziko muno, ngati mungagule zophatikizira mankhwala azitsamba opangira mankhwala ku pharmacy? Yankho ndilosiyana - lidafunikiradi. Kupatula apo, sizikudziwika momwe adakulitsira, nthawi ndi momwe adatengera zinthu zopangira, ngati malamulo oyanika ndi osungira adasungidwa. Mukukula zitsamba m'dera lanu momwe mumapatsira ana chidziwitso chanu, aphunzitseni kuti amvetsetse ndikuyamikira chilengedwe chomwe chapafupi.
Kodi kukolola ndi youma mankhwala azitsamba? Ndi pankhani izi zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kupezeka kwa mankhwala opangira mankhwala
Kukonzekera zitsamba zouma ndi kusungidwa zitha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo:
- chopereka cha mankhwala
- kukonza
- kuyanika
- kusunga.
Kukolola mankhwala azomera.
Malamulo pakupereka mankhwala azitsamba
Pazifukwa zamankhwala, masamba obiriwira pamtunda pamwamba, maluwa ndi zipatso zam'munda zimakololedwa pokhapokha nyengo yowuma pambuyo poti mame asungunuka mpaka 11:00 a.m. Pakutulutsa kochuluka, mbewu zimataya mafuta awo ofunikira.
Masamba azomera amatengedwa musanafike maluwa.
Payokha, maluwa, inflorescence ndi mlengalenga wolemera wokhala ndi maluwa (kumtunda kwa 10-15 masentimita) amakolola 20-30% ya kutsegula kwamaluwa kapena pa masamba a masamba ambiri. Chomera chamaluwa chokwanira chimataya mafuta ake ena ofunika.
Mu nyengo yonyowa, amaloledwa kukumba mizu ndi mizu ya mbewu zamankhwala, zomwe zimakololedwa kumapeto kwa yophukira kapena masamba azomera asanayambe.
Zomera zopangira pafupi ndi mafamu, mabizinesi akampani ndi misewu yayikulu sizingathe kusungidwa.
Muyenera kusonkhanitsa mbewu zodziwika bwino zokha, zopanda thanzi zomwe sizowonongeka ndi tizirombo.
Ndikwabwino kuyika zinthu zosaphika m'mabasiketi kapena m'matumba opangidwa ndi nsalu zachilengedwe ndi chopepuka chopepuka kuti masamba ndi maluwa asakute. Gwedezani mbewuyo musanayiyike mudengu kuti muchotse tizilombo.
Musasonkhanitse zopangira. Asakonzekere kuyanika mbewu zamankhwala adzawonongedwa pachabe - mumangowataya.
Pakusonkhanitsa mlengalenga za mankhwala azomera, ziyenera kudulidwa ndi mpeni kapena secateurs, osatulutsidwa ndi muzu.
Mukadula zimayambira kuthengo, 1/3 siyani gawo lawo kuti mbewuyo ipite patsogolo.
Impso ndi khungwa zimayenera kukololedwa pokhapokha patakonzedwa. Samalirani nkhalango yamoyo! Kunyumba, sonkhanitsani makungwa ku nthambi zochotsedwa (dogwood, viburnum).
Munda wamankhwala m'dzikoli uyenera kupezeka kutali ndi kulima ndi minda ndi mabulosi, omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana pakulima.
Kudula kwa mankhwala azomera.
Malipiro a chilimwe kwa mankhwala azomera
Juni amatuta mbewu zanyumba
- masamba a currant, rasipiberi, sitiroberi / sitiroberi wamtchire, timbewu tonunkhira, mandimu, mandimu;
Zomera zakutchire: - masamba a plantain, thyme, nettle, fireweed (ivan-tiyi), coltsfoot, tricolor violets, unyinji wa akavalo;
ochokera kumadera ena azomera: - Mizu ya burdock, khungwa la viburnum, maluwa a linden ndi a elderberry, masamba, maluwa ndi ma rhizomes a peony akuthawa.
July amatuta zokolola zakunyumba
- elderberry, rasipiberi, chitumbuwa cha mbalame, zipatso za iergi;
Zomera zakutchire: - mayi, wort wa St. John, yarrow, firew, chitsamba, oregano, marigold, chicory, thumba la abusa, chingwe, Centaury, peony kutuluka, etc.
Ogasiti amatenga zokolola zam'munda ndi zamtchire
- zipatso za hawthorn ndi duwa lakuthengo, zipatso za lemongrass, barberry, osafa, moto, chiphamaso cha kuthawa peony, burdock, dandelion.
Kuyanika kwa zopangira mankhwala
Malangizo pokonza mbewu zosaphika zamankhwala kuti ziume
Kuwola zida zophatikizika pa burlap kapena pazinthu zina zachilengedwe (osati mufilimu kapena zinthu zopangidwa).
Pitani pazomera zamankhwala ndikulekanitsa odwala, owuma, auve.
Masamba, inflorescence, maluwa ndi mlengalenga sizitsuka. Zipangizo zonyowa kwambiri mu nyengo yotentha zidzayamba kunyezimira, kusanduka zakuda ndikutaya zina mwamafuta. Ngati mbewuzo zili ndi fumbi, mutha kuzitsuka m'madzi othamanga (osapanikizika) ndikuzifalitsa pamtundu wochepa thupi pazovala zomwe zimatenga chinyontho bwino pakupanga popanda dzuwa lowala.
Mukamaliza zida zopaka, pukutani masamba akulu, inflorescence, zipatso. Fotokozani zagawo zopyapyala pamagetsi kapena zida zina zouma. Nthawi zonse kwezani ndikusintha.
Mizu, ma rhizomes, mababu, zimayambira zambiri ziyenera kutsukidwa pansi pamadzi. Pukuta, kudula kutalika kwa 5 cm masentimita motsatira. Itha kuwiluka ngati mkanda ndikuikhomeka pazomangamanga kuti ziume.
Zipatso zazing'ono (hawthorn, rosehip) zouma kwathunthu, zazikulu zimadulidwa m'magawo awiri a 2-3.
Zitsamba zosungidwa monga mankhwala (wort wa St. John, chowawa, chicory, yarrow, ndi zina zotere) zimatha kumangirizidwa ndi matumba otayidwa ndikuyimitsidwa mu chipinda chowuma, chopuma bwino (chapamwamba, barani, chipinda chosiyana).
Kuyanika kwa mankhwala azomera
Zomera zosankhidwa mwatsopano zimakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, zomwe zochulukazo zimayenera kuchotsedwa munthawi yake. Chinyezi chimathandizira kupitiliza kwa njira zamakanidwe opangira zida zophatikizidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kudetsa masamba ndi zimayambira, mapangidwe a nkhungu komanso kuwola, makamaka zipatso zokhala ndi zamkati zambiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, zitsamba sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kumbukirani! Gawo loyamba komanso lalikulu ndikuchotsa moyenera chinyezi chambiri kuchokera muzowuma zopangira mankhwala pouma. Kuyanika kwa mankhwala azamankhwala kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: zachilengedwe komanso zozizwitsa.
Kuyanika kwa zipatso zamankhwala.
Kuyanika kwachilengedwe kwa mankhwala azomera
Kuyanika kwachilengedwe padzuwa sikofunikira ma mankhwala azitsamba. Dzuwa muzinthu zophatikizidwa, njira zamankhwala am'magazi zimapitilirabe, chifukwa chomwe gawo lalikulu lazinthu zamachiritso limatayika. Udzu wamankhwala umasandulika udzu.
Kuyanika kwachilengedwe kwa zitsamba zamankhwala kumatha kukonzedwa mlengalenga pansi pa denga. Magulu azitsamba ndi “khosi” la mizu imakhomedwa pansi pa denga, ndipo pamatafura okhala ndi zokutira zachilengedwe, zida zophwanyika zimayikidwa, zomwe zimasungidwa ndi kusakanizidwa nthawi zonse. Nyengo yotentha, yotentha, kuyanika kumatenga masiku 2-4. Momwemonso, mu chipinda chotsekemera, udzu ukhoza kupukutidwa kuti ufunike masiku 1-2.
Ndi zida zochepa zamankhwala zosakanizika zosakanizidwa, zing'onoting'ono zimatha kupachika chingwe m'chipinda (osati chipinda chogona), kupuma bwino.
Dzuwa, mutha kuwuma mizu (mpendadzuwa, peony evading, irga, dogwood, ndi zina).
Kupukuta kwapangidwe kazomera zamankhwala
Kupukuta kwapangidwe kwa zitsamba zopangira mankhwala kumachitika mu njira yokumba:
- m'malo owuma magetsi
- pa microwave
- mu uvuni wamagesi kapena mu uvuni wamagetsi mu uvuni wapadera,
- m'matenthidwe amoto.
M'nyumba zamtundu wa nyumba, ndibwino kupukuta zitsamba zopangira mafuta muzowuma zamagetsi ndi uvuni wama microwave. Malangizo amaphatikizidwa ndi zida, pomwe amafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane njira yowuma. Pukutani zopangira zamankhwala, makamaka ngati kuchuluka kwake kulibe kanthu, ndizotheka mu maola 3-4 kuti zofunikira pazinthu zamagetsi izi.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mukayanika mu uvuni wa microwave mothandizidwa ndi cheza, zinthu zina zofunikira zimawonongeka (monga momwe zimakhalira pakuwuma padzuwa lotseguka).
Mumayaka amagetsi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, zida zopangira mankhwala zitha kupukutidwa mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa mafuta ofunikira omwe ali muzomera. Chifukwa chake, oregano, chowawa, mbewa, St. wort wa St. John amawuma pamtunda wa + 40- + 50 * C, ndipo mizu ndi zipatso, kutengera kudula ndi kupsinjika kwa minofu, amauma pa kutentha kwa + 50- + 70-80 * C.
Pa dachas m'nyumba zapadziko lapansi, ndibwino kupukuta zitsamba zamankhwala mu uvuni womwe umatha kutentha mpaka + 40- + 60 * С.
Kuyanika zitsamba.
Kuzindikira mtundu wa kuyanika
Zipangizo zouma zosakwanira zimayamba kutaya mphamvu pochiritsa komanso kuwonekera pakapita nthawi, zimakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa, nkhungu, komanso zimapangitsa kuti ma midges azioneka.
- Masamba owuma bwino ndi ma peyala amaluwa amapukutidwa mosavuta ndi zala pazinthu zazing'ono, amakhala ndi fungo labwino.
- Zomera zowuma, mizu, mbali za rhizome, makungwa amasweka mosavuta. Odyedwa ndi tizilombo (posungira kwamuyaya) sioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Zipatso zouma zimagwera mosavuta zipatso chimodzi kapena zidutswa zomwe zimadulidwa kuti ziume. Akamezedwa, amapunthwa mosavuta, ndipo samamatirana paliponse.
Kutalika kwa yosungidwa mankhwala zomera
Kutalika kwa kusunga kwa zouma zamankhwala zodalira kumatengera mtundu wa zopangira. Chizindikiro choyamba chakuti zinthu zosaphika zagwiritsidwa mwala ndi kusowa kwa fungo labwino la msipu ndi kusintha kwa utoto (nthawi zambiri, kusungunuka kwathunthu).
- Masamba ndi maluwa amatuta bwino kwambiri chaka chilichonse.
- Zimayambira, mizu, zipatso zina zimatha kusungidwa kwa zaka 2-3.
- Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusunga mankhwala opangira mankhwala kwa zaka zoposa zitatu.
- Osasakaniza zinthu zakale zopangidwa kale ndi mbewu zouma zatsopano.
- Mutha kusunga zitsamba m'misonkhanmo kapena kupanga zosakaniza zosakaniza musanagwiritse ntchito.
- Sungani mankhwala opangira mankhwala m'matumba amtundu wachilengedwe, matumba a pepala kapena zina zilizonse zopumira. Musasungire zinthu zopanda pake m'matumba apulasitiki.
