Mtundu wa Paphiopedilum mwina ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri pabanja la Orchidaceae. Amachokera ku nkhalango za ku East Asia ndipo amaphatikiza mitundu yoposa 50 ndi mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa.
Oimira amtunduwu ndi epiphytes theka okhala ndi mizu yofooka kapena opanda iwo konse. Masamba awo ndiwotalikirapo, otengedwa m'makola, amaikidwa pafupi ndi amodzi. Mizu yake ndi yotupa, yolimba, yokutidwa ndi zoteteza kumimba. Pazovala, maluwa amtundu umodzi kapena atatu owonekera amapangidwa, zomwe ndizo chizindikiro cha mbewu izi. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo a duwa, Paphiopedium amatchedwanso "Venus woterera".
Maluwa mumtundu wamaluwa amenewa ndi autali - mpaka miyezi 4, ndipo mitundu ina imatha kutulutsa kwa miyezi yoposa isanu ndi umodzi. M'masitolo, sangagulitsidwe nsapato zoyera. Kwenikweni, awa ndi ma hybrids, omwe amatchedwa "MIX". Chifukwa cha mseu wosakanizidwa, anthuwa amakhala okhazikika, ndipo kuchokera masamba ndi inflorescence ndikotheka kudziwa kuti ndi mitundu yanji ya orchid yomwe imatchuka.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Mwinanso mbewu zamtunduwu ndizodziwika bwino. Paphiopedilum Vietnamesezomwe ndizofala kwambiri. Ili ndi mizu ya mlengalenga, masamba ochepa ndi maluwa okongola.
Paphiopedilum premium kapena bellatulum kuthengo kumamera pazilumba za Malaysia, India, Indochina. Ili ndi masamba akulu okutidwa ndi mapatani. Zithunzi zake ndizocheperako, maluwa amodzi amawoneka pa aliyense, woyera kapena mtundu wa kirimu.
Paphiopedilum Delati amachokera ku vietnam. Ichi ndi chomera chotsika komanso masamba achidule mpaka 10 cm. Masamba okongoletsa chifukwa cha mawanga.
Pa mphukira zazitali, mpaka maluwa akulu awiri amapangidwa. Mlomo, womwe mitundu ina imafanana ndi nsapato, uli ngati mpira. Mtundu wa pamiyala ndi m'miyala ndiyoyera, pakati ndi wachikasu, ndipo milomo ndi utoto wofiirira.
Paphiopedilum chikazi Ili ndi gawo lozikika pakati. Masamba ndiwobiriwira wakuda, wokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yowala. Mphukira imakwera pamwamba pa chikwangwani chamaluwa, pomwe maluwa amtundu umodzi wowoneka bwino, m'mphepete mwa manda kuchokera pakati amakhala oyera.
Paphiopedilum concolor chikhalidwe ndi motley komanso masamba autali. Pansi pamasambawa pali thonje. Peduncle ndiyotsika, mpaka maluwa anayi a zobiriwira zofewa kapena zachikaso amawoneka.
Paphiopedilum Maudi kalasi yotsika. Ili ndi tsamba laling'ono la masamba okhala ndi masamba ang'ono-ang'ono, obiriwira amtundu wakuda ndi mikwingwirima yowoneka pang'ono. Pesi limatuluka pamwamba pake, pomwe limatulutsa maluwa amodzi, ambiri amtundu wobiriwira, amatha kuyimba lilac, ndipo milomoyo imakhala burgundy.
Paphiopedilum Black Jack chiphaso chachikulu cha mitundu iyi ndi mtundu wake wakuda wa burgundy, womwe suuli wamba pakati pa maluwa amkati.
Paphiopedilum Pinocchio kalasi yayitali kwambiri ndi masamba yayitali. Pakuwombera, maluwa amodzi amapangidwa. Mtundu wa pamakhala ndi loyera ndi mizere ya lilac ndi splashes. Mlomo umatchulidwa kwambiri. Manda ndi obiriwira okhala ndi malembali oyera ndi madontho a bulauni pakati.
Paphiopedilum America Mitundu yamtunduwu imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, pomwe duwa limodzi limamera pang'ono. Mtundu wa ma petals ndi wobiriwira wopepuka ukusandulika kuwala burgundy. Pakati pa milomo ndi wachikasu. Mandawo ndi oyera kuyambira kumwamba, mpaka kumtunda wobiriwira, pakati amakumbidwa ndi madontho ofiirira.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Paphiopedilum
Paphiopedilum ndizovuta kulima kunyumba, koma kwakukulu, kudziwa mawonekedwe a kusamalira, izi zitha kuthana ndi.
Kuwala komwe mbewu imafunikira kumadalira mtundu wake. Ngati masambawo ndiwobiliwira kapena maluwa ambiri pamandapo, ndiye kuti pamafunika kuwala. Ngati masamba ali ndi mawanga kapena amawoneka pa mphukira imodzi kapena maluwa, ndiye kuti anthu oterowo amakhala ndi mthunzi wokwanira pazenera lakumpoto.
M'nyengo yozizira, mtundu uliwonse wa maluwa umafunika kuwunikira kowonjezera, kuti maola masana afikire maola 12.
Kutentha komwe kumafunikira nsapato kumatengera mtundu. Apa mutha kusankha mitundu inayi.
- Mwa mitundu yokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino, kutentha kwa chilimwe kumasintha mozungulira 23 ° C, ndipo nthawi yozizira 18 ° C.
- Ngati masamba ndi ochepa komanso obiriwira, ndiye kuti kutentha kumayenera kukhala madigiri angapo kuposa a m'mbuyomu.
- Mitundu yonse yokhala ndi "kutembenuka" (ndiye kuti, yopitilira kapena yotsatana) yamaluwa imasowa 22 ° C nthawi yachilimwe ndi 19 ° C nthawi yozizira.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira ambiri amafuna kutentha kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi abale awo. Kutentha kwa chilimwe kwa iwo ndi 20 ° С, chisanu 17 ° С.
Komanso, pa chisamaliro choyenera, muyenera kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku kwa osachepera 3 ° C.
Maluwa amachitika pansi poti mbewuyo inali ndi nthawi yokhala chete komanso yocheperako.
Masamba a orchidwa amakhala pachiwopsezo chambiri ndi dzuwa, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kukhudza ndi kuwala kowala, chifukwa masamba amasintha chikaso ndikuuma. Kamodzi pa sabata, masamba amayenera kutsukidwa ndi kupukutidwa, kuyeretsedwa kuchokera kufumbi ndi kupewa kufalikira ndi kangaude.
Werengani komanso orchid dendrobium chisamaliro kunyumba.
Paphiopedilum kuthirira
Ndikofunika kuthirira orchid iyi mwachikulire pakukula. Ndi isanayambike maluwa, kuthirira kumachepa. Munthawi yopumira, kuthirira kumathandizidwanso ndikupanga kokha ngati nthaka yayuma. Kuyambiranso kwa kuthirira kumayamba ndi chiyambi cha kukula kwa mphukira ndi masamba atsopano.
Kumwaza masamba kumakhudza masamba, chifukwa amachititsa mawanga a bulauni. Pazifukwa izi, kuthirira kuyeneranso kuchitika mosamala kuti madzi asagwere masamba.
Chinyezi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri posamalira mbewuyi. Kutentha kochulukirapo, kumakhala chinyezi chambiri. M'mikhalidwe yokhazikika, 40-50% idzakhala yokwanira, ndipo pamoto wotentha ndikwabwino kuti mukweze mpaka 60-70%.
Kupatsidwa kwa Paphiopedilum
Zochulukitsa ziyenera kupangidwa mchaka chimodzi chilichonse, koma ngati dothi likufuna, lomwe limayamba kuphika, limatha kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri.
Kusakaniza kwa kubzala kungapangidwe kuchokera ku bark la conifers, peat ndi makala mu chiyerekezo cha 5: 1: 1. Acidity kusankha ndale kapena pang'ono acidic.
Feteleza wa papiopedilum
Mutha kuthira nsapato ndi zosakaniza zopangidwa kale za ma orchid, zimaphatikizidwa ndi madzi othirira. Kusinthika kumachitika ndi amene wasonyezedwatu. Mavalidwe apamwamba amaperekedwa kamodzi kwa masiku 10-15.
Maluwa atamasuka kapena kukhala ndi nthawi yokhala chete, feteleza safunikira.
Kubereka kwa Paphiopedilum
Paphiopedilum kunyumba imatha kufalitsidwa pokhapokha pongogawa tchire pobereka.
Izi zitha kuchitika ngati zingatheke kugawa chitsamba kuti kugawanika kumakhala ndi masamba atatu.
Mukadula, mbali za chitsamba zimabzalidwa m'nthaka wamba zomera zazikulu ndikuyembekezera kudzuza.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Nthawi zambiri, woterera umakhala ndi kangaude, ma scutellum ndi mealybugs.
Spider mite amathira masamba owonda pamasamba, komanso chifukwa cha iwo masamba amayamba kupukuta ndi kupindika.
Chotchinga zosavuta kuzizindikira chifukwa zimawoneka ngati zophuka pang'ono pamasamba.
Nyongolotsi Kukula pang'onopang'ono, kuvulaza masamba, kusiya makulidwe omata omwe matenda ena angayambitse. Amathanso kudziwika ndi zokutira yoyera.
Mukapeza chilichonse mwa tiziromboti, ndiye kuti chomera chimatsukidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi ofunda (pafupifupi 40 ° C), wonyezimira amachotsedwa ndi dzanja. Ngati tizirombo tili tonse, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala. Kwa tizilombo ndi tizilombo, komanso nkhupakupa, ma acaricides.
Komanso, ndikuchulukitsa chinyezi m'nthaka, kuwonongeka kwa rhizome kumatha kuchitika ndi zowola, zomwe zimadziwonetsa mu wilting ndi mawonekedwe a zowola pamimba.
