Tonse tikuyembekezera chilimwe, kutentha, kutentha, masiku owoneka bwino komanso otentha. Kuyembekezera chilimwe ndi masamba athu, mitengo ndi zitsamba, maluwa athu. Kalanga ife, modandaula, nthawi zambiri nthawi yachilimwe sichitha kudzitamandira chifukwa cha kutentha, koma amatipatsa madzi m mvula yambiri ndikutiwotcha usiku ozizira. Zomwe zimachitika kwa mbewu munyengo zotere, mbewu yomwe ingayembekezere ndi zomwe zingasinthidwe isanathe, tidzakambirana izi lero.
Tchire la currant pakagwa mvula.
Munda wamasamba
Chifukwa chake, poyambira, tiyeni tiyende kuzungulira mundawo ndikumacheza ndi mbewu zofala kwambiri: zomwe amatiuza, amatanthauzira otani nyengo ya nyengo yamakono.
Tsabola
Tsabola, monga tikudziwa, ndi anthu akumwera m'dziko lathu, amakonda kutentha ndi kuchuluka, ndipo alibe chinyezi chambiri. Tsabola limakula bwino pamtunda wa 24 mpaka 28 kupitirira zero, koma pamtunda wa 20 ndi pansi iwo mwanjira ina sakhala makamaka ndipo akufuna kukula, zimawoneka ngati akungoyamba ndipo palibe chitukuko chomwe chimachitika. Koma osati kutentha kwa tsabola komwe kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri, chinyezi chimapanganso kusintha kwake, chifukwa ngati pali chinyezi chambiri, mizu imayamba kuvunda, ndipo izi zimakhudza mosavomerezeka kukula, maluwa, ndi mapangidwe a zipatso za tsabola. Potengera zomwe zonsezi zayamba, miliri yamatenda osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana ya fungus iyamba, tizirombo, makamaka slugs, amawoneka.
Zoyenera kuchita Inde, bisani tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikusunga fungicides okonzeka, popeza matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe adalowetsedwa makamaka zaka zakumadzi ndizovuta kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Tsabola ayenera kubisika posachedwa osachepera kutentha kwanyengo kwambiri, atamanga zipilala za waya wolimba komanso wokutidwa ndi spanbond kapena lutrasil usiku - zida zopumira. Musaiwale kuti peresenti ya +5 digiri imatha kusiya kukula ngakhale kufa, chifukwa chake ngati dontho lakuthwa likuyembekezeka, ndiye m'malo mwa lutrasil muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito filimu ya pulasitiki. Kuphatikiza apo, mabotolo apulasitiki okhala ndi madzi ofunda kapena ma cobblestones omwe anaphimbidwa mu uvuni kapena pamoto amatha kuyikidwamo.
Kuti muchepetse chinyezi m'nthaka, yesetsani kumasula nthawi zambiri, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'ono kapena kusiyiratu. Feteleza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Popewa matenda, ndizotheka kupukutira mbewu ndi phulusa lamatanda masiku onse atatu aliwonse.
Nkhaka
Nkhaka - zimakondanso kufunda, ngakhale chinyezi chochulukirapo chitha kukhala chopindulitsa kwa iwo, koma ngati kukugwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo kukuzizira, powdery mildew ikhoza kugunda mbewuzo, koma omwe akuopa kangaudeyu atha kugona mwamtendere nyengo yotereyi nthawi zambiri sizimawoneka. Pokana ndi ufa wowonda, ngakhale mutakonda kuchita izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides, timakumbukira kuti nyengo zotere, mankhwala azitsamba sangakhale othandizira. Musaiwale za kuthamanga kwanthaka komanso kutetezedwa kwa ma slgs, nyengo yonyowa ilipo yambiri pam nkhaka.
Ziphuphu, panjira, zitha kuyikidwanso pansi pa zotchinga ngati zomwe zimapangira tsabola.
Phytophthora pa tomato.
Tomato
Tomato - samawopa kutentha pang'ono, koma kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawawopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, phytophthora imayendetsedwa mu nyengo yotere, ndipo nthawi zambiri mwamphamvu kotero kuti simungayese kugwiritsa ntchito chilichonse "wowerengeka", sichingathandize. Ma greenhouse ophatikiza tomato - iyi ndi njira yotulukiranso, komanso, kumasula dothi pafupipafupi, kotero kuti tsiku lotentha chinyezi chimatuluka msanga komanso kuti zisawonongeke.
Ngati phytophthora sanapezeke, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawiyo, patsani chitetezo chokwanira cha phwetekere. Pazifukwa izi, ndikofunikira kuti muziwachitira ndi iodine-kefir osakaniza. Kuti akonzekere, ndikofunikira kuthira lita imodzi ya kefir, Whey kapena skim mkaka mumtsuko wamadzi wothira malita khumi ndikuwonjezera madontho 12-15 a ayodini, ndiye kuti muthane ndi mbewuzo bwino.
Kuyambira mwezi wa Julayi, pamene chiopsezo cha phytophthora ndichulukirapo kuposa kale, ndikofunikira kuthira mbewu ndi 1% Bordeaux fluid. Pakukonza ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yothira, ndi yofanana kwambiri kuposa kuthirira, kugawa madzi opulumutsa moyo.
M'malo obiriwira (izi zikugwirizana ndi mbewu zonse zakudimba zomwe zakula), ndikofunikira kuyesa kuchotsa pamtunda ndikuwotcha wowonjezera kutentha poyika miyala yoyaka kapena mabotolo okhala ndi madzi pamenepo. Yesani kuyika mavalidwe moyenera, apo ayi mbewuzo ziyamba kunenepa. Yesani kuchotsa zipatso msanga, ngati zikuvuta ndi tsabola, ndiye kuti nkhaka ndi phwetekere zimatha kuchotsedwa pa gherkins ndi rip mkaka, motero.
Zukini, maungu ndi mphonda zina
Mumavwende ndi ma gourds - maungu, zukini ndi ena - masamba amatha kugwa pansi, kumadetsedwa, izi zimapangitsa kuti mbewu zisamalidwe bwino, kotero mutha kuyika zinthu zosavala nsalu pansi pawo, ndipo apa ndikofunikanso kuwunikira slugs.
Kabichi
Kabichi: gulugufe siziwuluka nyengo yotere, koma ma slgs amatha kuononga kabichi m'masiku asanu ogwirira ntchito omwe simunakhale mdziko muno. Pachitetezo china, chitha kupukutidwa ndi phulusa lamatabwa, ndikuwaza ndi ufa wa mpiru kuzungulira kabichi.
Kuyamba kuvunda achinyamata zipatso za zukini.
Munda ndi mabulosi
Apa malamulo a aphid, amakhudza pafupifupi zipatso zonse za mabulosi pamlingo wina kapena wina, ndikuti, currants ndi viburnum koposa zonse, mitengo ya maapulo ndi mapeyala - pang'ono, irga - mofooka, imatha kukhazikika pa chitumbuwa cha mbalame kapena chokeberry. Nsabwe za m'masamba obiriwira ndizokulirapo, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, kukula kwa mbewu kumachedwetsedwa, masamba achichepere pamtunda wazaka zamtunduwu amakhalabe odekha, omwe ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kufalitsa nsabwe za m'masamba, koma ngati umagwirira m'munda mwanu ndiosayenera, mutha kuyesa kuthira nsabwe za m'masamba pomupaka tsabola (supuni imodzi) kapena adyo (angapo ma clove pa lita), koma tibwereza: zaka ngati izi, pafupifupi aliyense kumagwa tsiku, wowerengeka azitsamba, monga lamulo, osathandiza. Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuwononga anthill, omwe amakhala ochulukirapo pazaka zakunyowa komanso kuzizira.
Medvedka imaberekanso mwachangu panthawiyi, pali mankhwala ambiri wowerengeka, koma amathandiza pang'ono, choncho ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kodalirika m'mabuku monga Thunder kapena Fenaxin.
Zipatso zowola - mu nyengo yonyowa zimatha kukhudza chilichonse - kuchokera ku sitiroberi mpaka mitengo ya maapulo ndi mapeyala. Zipatso ndi zipatso zimavutika, koma nthawi zambiri zomwe zimapindika nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri zimawonongeka, bwanji kudikira? Kukolola kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, ndipo ngati munthawi yabwinobwino, kusonkhanitsa, kunena, gooseberries kapena igrues, mumangofunika ma foni angapo, ndiye mu nyengo yamakono muyenera kuwapangira kuwirikiza kawiri, koma mwanjira iyi mutha kupulumutsa zipatso ku zowola kapena powdery mildew zimakhudza gooseberries ndi currants. Zomera zimafunikira kutetezedwa, koma simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito umagwirira: kukolola kwatsala pang'ono kuyamba. Kuti muthane ndi ufa wa powdery, mutha kuyesa kuthira mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito sopo-sopo, ndi yoyenera masamba, zipatso, mabulosi, ndi mbewu zokongoletsera. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kutenga 20-30 g wa phulusa la sopo, 10-15 g wa sopo wamadzimadzi ndikuiika yonse mu ndowa yamadzi yotentha mpaka madigiri 35, kenako sakanizani bwino, nyengo ndi botolo la utsi ndikupita kukamenya powdery mildew. Pochiza, ndibwino kunyowetsa osati madera omwe akhudzidwa, komanso wathanzi, komanso nthaka ndiyofunika kuthira.
Kuphatikiza pa matenda, tizirombo timathandizidwanso - ma slgs amawukira kwenikweni, ndipo mbozi zosiyanasiyana zimafuna kuwononga mbewu yonse; zonsezi zikufunika kuyang'aniridwa. Chemistry sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi slugs, ndikwanira kuyala zidutswa kapena makatoni pamalopo, usiku ma slgs adzakwawa pansi pawo kugona tulo, ndipo m'mawa mudzawapeza ndikuwachotsa pamalowo. Njira yolimbanayi ndiyothandiza kwa ma slgs m'munda, m'munda, ndi m'munda wamaluwa, nawonso.
Mu nyengo ngati izi, musaiwale za kupewa, mwachitsanzo, pali njira yabwino yothetsera Fitosporin-M, ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza mbewu motsutsana ndi mitundu yambiri ya fungus ndi bacteria, kuphatikiza mochedwa kupweteka, kuwola kwa mizu, nkhanambo. monga iwo.
Rasipiberi zipatso kudyedwa ndi tizirombo.
M'mundamo, monga m'munda, yesani kumasula dothi pafupipafupi, kudula mphukira zonse ndi zizindikiro za matenda, makamaka zitsamba. Yesetsani kukonza mbewu zotere pogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa - Kukonzekera HOM, Oksikhom, Bordeaux.
Musaiwale za kuchotsedwa kwa namsongole pamalopo, munthawi zotere udzu umakula kwambiri momwe ungathere, zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwamphamvu chinyezi ngakhale masiku osachepera otentha ndipo izi zikuwopseza kuti pakubwera matenda omwe angakhudze maziko a mitengo. Mwachitsanzo, pamiyala yazipatso zamiyala (apricot, pichesi, maula, chitumbuwa, chitumbuwa), khosi lozunzika limavutika ndipo ngati litayamba kuvunda, mbewu yonseyo ikhoza kufa.
Kutalikirana pakati pa mizere ndi zitsamba zapafupi ndi mvula yamphamvu kumatha kuwumbika ndi dothi lowuma. Pambuyo mvula yamphamvu, imatha kuchotsedwa ndikuyiyala pamalo athyathyathya kuti iwume. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi ndi chiyani? Samalola dothi kufota, akuletsa kukula kwa namsongole, ndikuchulukitsa chinyezi. Ngati muli, mwachitsanzo, chitsamba chamtengo wapatali cha gooseberry pamalopo, ndipo mvula igwetsa mosalekeza, ndipo pali ngozi yovunda mizu, ndiye mutha kuchita monga tafotokozera pamwambapa: pezani utuchi mvula isanabwere, ndikuchotsa pambuyo pake.
Ngati ndi kotheka, yesani kuchepetsa korona wa tchire, mwina pali mphukira yomwe imakuyambitsa, imatha kuchotsedwa, chifukwa ngati yonyowa komanso kuzizira, ndipo koronayo ndiwakuwuma, vuto lililonse la bowa limatha, mndandanda wawo ndi waukulu.
Munda wamaluwa
Maluwa amavutikanso nyengo yamvula komanso yozizira, amakhalanso ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, nsabwe za m'masamba, amadyedwa ndi a slugs, mizu imayamba kuvunda kuchokera ku chinyezi chambiri. Pano, komabe, ndizosavuta: sitimatuta maluwa kuchokera ku maluwa, kuti atetezedwe ndikuchiza fungicides ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo, onetsetsani kuti mwatsatiri kutsatira malangizo omwe ali phukusi.
Maluwa okhala m'malo amaluwa ndi miphika ali m'gulu lapadera: dothi lomwe lili mumakontena limadzaza madzi mosavuta, ndipo ngati masiku amvula sakusinthidwa ndi otentha, ndiye kuti mizu imayamba kuvunda. Pali njira ziwiri: ngati ma duwa ndi akulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kuphimba pamwamba ndi pulasitiki kuti chinyontho chisalowerenso m'nthaka, koma mvula ikadzatha muyenera kuchotsa kanemayo ndipo nthawi zambiri mumamasula nthaka; Ngati miphika ili yaying'ono, ndikofunika kuti muibweretse pansi pa mvula nthawi ya mvula, kenako ndi kuwatulutsa.
Maluwa a Marigold omwe akhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Zambiri
Mu zaka zovuta zonsezi, mutha kuwaza mbewu zonse, maluwa, zipatso, ndi masamba onse ndi mabulosi, pogwiritsa ntchito zovala zapamwamba zomwe zimakulitsa chitetezo chokwanira ndikuwapatsa mankhwala omwe amachulukitsa chitetezo - monga Epin, Heteroauxin ndi ena, ali otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito.
