Peonies ndi otchuka pakati wamaluwa. Ndi kukongola kwa maluwa ndi masamba okongoletsera, ndiyoyenera kuti ndi amodzi mwa malo oyamba pakati pa maluwa obisika. Maluwa akuluakulu, a pastel kapena owala bwino ndi abwino pachitsamba komanso odulidwa, kununkhira kwake ndikosangalatsa. Masamba otseguka amapitilira mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, pomwe amatembenuka koyamba kubiriwira.
Ma bus a peonies komanso opanda maluwa amawoneka bwino m'mundawu moyang'anizana ndi udzu kapena dimba. Zomera izi ndizolimba. Zakhala zikukula malo amodzi kwazaka zambiri popanda kuzijambulitsa. Pazomwe mungakulitse peonies m'munda, nkhani yathu ikutiuza.
Maluwa okhala ndi maluwa otchedwa Milky "Sarah Bernhardt" (Paeonia lactiflora 'Sarah Bernhardt').
Buku lalifupi:
Peony, Latin - Paeonia, anthu - udzu udzuwa. Rhizome herbaceous osatha chomera. Adalembetsa pafupifupi minda 10,000; Mitundu ya 45 ndiyodziwika ku Asia ndi Europe, 2 - ku North America. Peonies ndi zokongoletsera, cholimba, chosasangalatsa.
Onani zida zathu zatsopano: Grassy peonies - zokonda nthawi zonse ndi Zofunika za udzu wa peonies.
Malamulo obzala peony
Peonies ingabzalidwe ndikuwokeranso kokha m'dzinja. Kuti zikule bwino komanso kuphuka pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri, ndikofunikira kusankha malo pomwepo. Konzani pasadakhale, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Popeza kuti pakapita nthawi, tchire limakula kwambiri, silimayikidwa pafupi 1 mita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Dzenje limakumbidwa masentimita 60x60x60. Lili ndi 2/3 ndi chisakanizo cha humus kapena kompositi, peat, mchenga ndi dothi lapansi m'magawo ofanana (pafupifupi chidebe chimodzi cha chilichonse chimapangidwira bukuli). 250 g ya superphosphate iwiri kapena 500 g ya mafupa chakudya, supuni 1 ya sodium sulphate, supuni 1 ya potashi ndi mtsuko wa lita phulusa amaphatikizidwa. Malo omwe atsalawo amadzazidwa ndi dimba lamunda. Podzafika nthawi yodzala, dothi lomwe linali m'dzenjemo lidzapangidwa ndipo silidzayenda mtsogolo. Ngati pazifukwa zina sizinatheke kukonza dzenjelo pasadakhale, ndiye kuti dothi limapangidwa ngati lodzaza, ndikuthiriridwa.
M'chaka choyamba mutabzala ndikufalikira, ma peonies, ngati lamulo, musakhale pachimake, amawoneka wofooka, ndipo chiwerengero cha zimayambira sichidutsa 1-2. Mwambiri, sizowopsa ngati mchaka chachiwiri mbewuzo sizinaphuke kapena kuphuka moperewera. Sakufikira kukhwima. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mchaka chachiwiri mbewuzo zikuwoneka zathanzi ndikuwonjezeka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chaka choyamba: kuchuluka kwa zimayambira kuyenera kupitilira 3 - 6. Zadziwika kuti hybrids zamtundu wambiri zimatsogola pakupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya peony ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphukira mchaka chachiwiri.
Mphesa wakanyowa "Buckeye Bell" (Paeonia lactiflora 'Buckeye Belle').
Pey-maluwa “Milika Dessert” (Paeonia lactiflora 'Laura Dessert') 
Milky peony "Karl Rosenfeld" (Paeonia lactiflora 'Karl Rosenfeld').
Kusamalira peony: kuvala pamwamba, kuthirira, mulching
Achinyamata a peonies ndi abwino kudyetsa bwino njira. Kuyambira sabata yachiwiri ya Meyi, kamodzi pamwezi masamba amathiriridwa kuchokera kuthilira ndi suna ndi yankho la feteleza wathunthu wamafuta, mwachitsanzo, "Zabwino" ndi ndende yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa mu malangizo. Kuti inyowetse masamba ambiri, onjezani sopo pang'ono kapena ufa wosambitsa (supuni 1 pa 10 l yankho). Kuvala kwapamwamba kwamadzoma kumachitika madzulo kapena kwamvula.
Zomera zazikulu kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yakukula zimafunikanso kudyetsedwa kopanda mafuta. Imachitika katatu komanso pakadutsa milungu itatu, kuyambira sabata lachiwiri la Meyi. Koyamba, ma peonies amamwetsedwa yankho la urea (50 g pa 10 malita a madzi), kachiwiri ma microfertilizer amawonjezeredwa ndi yankho la urea (piritsi 1 pa 10 lita yankho). Kachitatu, njira yocheperako imakhala madzi (mapiritsi awiri pa 10 malita a madzi).
Kumayambiriro kwa kukula, pions zimayamwa makamaka nayitrogeni (N); nthawi yamaluwa ndi maluwa - nayitrogeni, phosphorous (P) ndi potaziyamu (K); mutagona maluwa chaka chamawa - phosphorous ndi potaziyamu yokha. Poganizira izi, feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu pachaka.
Chakumapeto kwa Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo, ngakhale matalala, feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu amwazikana. Ndi madzi osungunuka, imagwera m'nthaka ndipo imakamizidwa ndi mbewu. Pansi pa chitsamba chachikulire, 10-15 g yogwiritsira ntchito pophika imawonjezeredwa. Nthawi yachiwiri, peonies amadyetsedwa panthawi yakubzala: kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni, amawonjezera mchere wonse (NPK - 10:20:10) kapena feteleza wachilengedwe (mullein - 1: 10, zitosi za mbalame - 1:25) pansi pa chitsamba. Chovala chachitatu chapamwamba chimachitika masabata awiri pambuyo maluwa. Zopangira feteleza panthawi yachiwiri ndi yachitatu yovala bwino zimakonkhedwa komanso poyatsira poyimitsa tchire, kupukutira kwambiri ndikuwoneka ndi nthaka.
Peonies nthawi zambiri samamwetsa madzi, koma amamwa mabatani 2-3 pachitsamba chilichonse chachikulire. Madzi ayenera kunyowetsa nthaka mpaka mizu. Kuti muthane ndi vuto lanu, mutha kukumba mapaipi ataliatali a 50 cm pafupi ndi tchire ndikuthira madzi. Kukwanira kwa hydrate ndikofunikira makamaka kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthawi ya budding ndi maluwa, ndipo mu Ogasiti maluwa atayikidwa. Mukathirira, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa, lomwe limathandizira kuti chinyontho m'nthaka komansore bwino, komanso tilepheretse kukula kwa namsongole. Zimalepheretsa michere ya michere, kusokoneza kayendedwe ka mpweya, ndikuthandizira kufalikira ndi kukula kwa matenda.
Kutalika kwa ma hybrid peonies ochokera ku peony yamankhwala kumatha zaka 7-10. Kenako azigawika ndikubzalira m'malo atsopano. Mitundu yamitundu yambiri yamiyendo yamtchire ndi yamtchire imakhalabe yabwinobwino komanso yophuka kwambiri, zaka 25-30, ndi zaka zana, chisamaliro chabwino.
Mukugwa, chisanayambe kuzizira, zimayambira za peonies zimadulidwa pamtunda wa dothi ndikuwotcha. Zotsalira za zimayambira zimakonkhedwa ndi phulusa - 2-3 m'manja pachitsamba chilichonse. Pabowo pazomera zazikulu sizofunika.
Pey-maluwa “Milbet” (Paeonia lactiflora 'Sorbet').
Kufalitsa kwa peony
Ma peonies onse amatha kufalikira ndi mbewu, kudula, kugawa komanso kugawa chitsamba. Kwambiri kulonjeza kufalitsa chitsamba.
Masamba a peonies adakula pachimake mchaka chachinayi mpaka chachisanu. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu zatsopano mwatsopano, kenako zimatha kumera chaka chamawa. Zofesedwa mu Ogasiti mu nthaka yonyowa, yonyowa. Mbeu zakale zimamera zokha mchaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu.
Chochulukitsa chochuluka kwambiri cha peonies chinajambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zodula mizu, pomwe kachidutswa kakang'ono ka nthiti yokhala ndi impso yogona kamakhala chodzala. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba mu Julayi; pofika Seputembala, imazika mizu. Koma kudula koteroko kumayamba pang'onopang'ono komanso pachimake mchaka cha 5.
Peonies ikhoza kugawidwa kuyambira azaka 3 mpaka 4, bola ngati yatulutsa kale bwino, kuchuluka kwake kwa mapiko kudapitilira 7 ndipo sikukula kuchokera pamawu amodzi, koma khalani malo ena okhala ndi mainchesi osachepera 7 cm. chizimba chakecho chimapangidwa mokwanira ndipo chitha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Pakati pa msewu, nthawi yokwanira yochitira izi ndi kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka zaka khumi ndi zitatu za Seputembala.
Zimayambira zimadulidwa pachitsamba chokumbidwa cha peonies kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Mizu imatsukidwa ndi madzi ndikusiyidwa mumtunda kwa maola angapo kuti asatayike ndipo asaphule pomwe agawika. Gawo lodzala lokhazikika, gawolo liyenera kukhala ndi impso ziwiri zakukonzanso komanso gawo la kukula kwa mpweya wa 10-15 masentimita. Magawo akuluakulu amakula kwambiri, ndipo ang'onoang'ono amafunika chisamaliro chowonjezera.
Atangobzala, phula limasakanizidwa ndi theka la ola limodzi mu yankho la pinki la potaziyamu permanganate kapena kulowetsedwa ndi adyo, kenako limamizidwa kwa maola 8-12 mu njira ya heteroauxin (piritsi 1 pa 10 l yamadzi). Ikamuma, zigawo zimasungidwa ndi makala opera. Divlenki imathandizanso kuviika mu dothi losakanikirana ndi kuwonjezera pa sulfate yamkuwa (supuni 1 pa ndowa).
Gawo lokonzekedwa la peony limabzalidwa m'dzenje papilo yamchenga. Kuchokera pamwambapo, amachiphimba ndi dothi lamtunda kuti zosanjikiza zake pamwamba pa impso sizoposa 5 cm, ndikuthirira madzi ambiri. M'chaka choyamba chodzala nthawi yachisanu, muyenera mulch ndi peat (wokhala ndi masentimita 5-7). Pakatikati, mulch samachotsedwa mpaka mphukira zofiira zikawoneka pamtunda (zimakhala zosalimba komanso zosavuta kusiya). Mphukira zikamamera pang'ono, zimatulutsa mulch mbali ndi kumasula dothi.
Zaka 2 zoyambirira, ma peonies amapanga mizu, kotero muyenera kukhala oleza mtima osawalekerera. M'chaka choyamba, masamba onse amatulutsidwa, ndipo chachiwiri mungachisiye chokhacho. Mukaphulika, imadulidwa mwachidule momwe mungathere ndikuyika m'madzi kuti mupeze duwa. Komabe, maluwa oyamba sangakhale amtunduwu. Maluwa ofanana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaluwa amawonekera mchaka chachitatu komanso pambuyo pake.
Kapangidwe ka peony kali ngati maluwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta peonies
Nthawi zambiri, peonies amatha kutenga matendawa. imvi - botritis. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikuwonekera pakati pa Meyi. Tizilombo tating'ono timavunda, minyewa yomwe imakhudzidwa imagwa, ndipo zimayambira kugwa. Matendawa amatha kuthana ndi zimayambira, masamba, ndi masamba. Ziwalo zonse za mbewu zimakutidwa ndi imvi. Kukula kwa matendawa kumalimbikitsidwa ndi mvula yozizira komanso nthawi ya chilimwe, zochulukirapo za feteleza wa nayitrogeni, nayonso nkhuni.
Kuti tisunge chomera, ziwalo zawo zodwala zimadulidwa ndikuwotcha kunja kwa malowo. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ma peonies amapopera mankhwalawa kuti apewe (50 g yamkuwa sulphate mu 10 l ya madzi kapena 5-8 g ya potaziyamu permanganate mu 10 l yamadzi). Mutha kuthira yankho la adyo (8-10 g wa adyo wosankhidwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre). Zomera zonsezo ndi dothi lozungulirani zimapopera.
Powdery mildew - Matenda enanso ofala omwe amakhudza masamba a peony. Utoto wofiirira woyera ukuonekera pamtunda wa tsamba. Kuwaza ndi kupaka sopo wamkuwa (200 g wa zobiriwira kapena sopo ochapira ndi 20 g ya vitriol pa 10 l yamadzi) kumathandiza.
Mitundu ya Peonies
Ku Russia ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo amalima mitundu 30 ya peonies. Koma zopezeka kwambiri m'minda yathu zinali:
- Peony wokhala ndi maluwa otchedwa Milky (Paeonia lactiflora);
- Peony yokhala ngati mtengo, kapena pe-shrub peony (Paeonia × suffruticosa).
Maluwa otulutsa maluwa "Milky-maluwa" Amayi a Franklin D. Roosevelt ”(Paeonia lactiflora 'Mayi Franklin D. Roosevelt').
Dzuwa la maluwa otchedwa Milky-“Lilac Time” (Paeonia lactiflora 'Lilac Time').
Peony wokhala ndi maluwa otchedwa Milky "Louis Kelsey" (Paeonia lactiflora 'Lois Kelsey').
Kuyambira ndili mwana, ndimakumbukira maluwa okongola awa ndi agogo anga m'mundamo! Ndipo m'mene iye anali kupita m'sukuluyi monyadira, atanyamula mitu yayikulu ya maluwa okongola! Ngale zokongola, zokongola, zapakhomo za m'munda uliwonse. Kodi amalima m'munda wanu?
