Kulima kwa freesia kutchire, chisamaliro cha kunyumba

Dziko la freesia lokongola ndi South Africa. Kubzala, chisamaliro komanso kusankha duwa kudakhala olima maluwa m'bwalo la France. Ichi ndichifukwa chake maluwa a freesia amaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha aristocracy. Fungo labwino komanso lodabwitsa, kapangidwe kake kamatenti kam'miyala kumapangitsa dengu la freesia kukhala lachifundo. Chimayimira unyamata, mtendere ndi mphamvu.

Mawonekedwe a Freesia

Mtundu wazomera uli nazo mithunzi yonse ya utawaleza. Mabasiketi a Freesia ali ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wa nthochi, omwe amamaliza peduncle yokongola, yokonzedwa ndi masamba a xiphoid kasinthidwe.

Fungo la freesia limafanana ndi amber wa kakombo wa chigwa.

Mtengowo ndi wa zipatso zodziwika bwino za banja la iris. Amakonda mwachikondi. M'mbuyomu, freesia idakulidwa kokha m'malo otsekedwa ndi cholinga chodula. Obereredwa adalandira mitundu yatsopano ya freesia, yomwe imakula bwino m'malo otseguka kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Russian Federation.

Zapadera za freesia:

• kununkhira kwa fungo kumakhala nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazogulitsa zodzikongoletsera;
• yogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino popanga mawonekedwe;
• Chomera chimatha kutengeka moyenera kukula panthaka komanso kunyumba;
• maluwa okongola ofiira otuwa amakula msanga kuposa ena.

Mitundu ya freesia

Pafupifupi mitundu 20 ya freesia yalembedwa ndi mitundu yambiri, koma yotukuka - itatu.

1. Fenceia Armstrong. Uku ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa, 0,7 m kutalika. Zosiyanasiyana <>, zomwe zimasiyana ndi mtundu wolemera, ndizodziwika bwino. Maluwa ake ndi ofiira kapena ofiira, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndimantha - inflorescence. Masamba amakula kumera.
2. Fenceia wasweka. Ndiocheperako (0,4m). Mabasiketi okhala ndi mitundu yachikaso, yoyera ndi ya lalanje. Maluwa 4-5 amasonkhanitsidwa burashi. Ngati mutayang'ana chithunzi cha freesia chosweka, mutha kungoyang'ana kusiyanasiyana kwake. Zomera zimatulutsa mu Epulo.
3. Freesia ndi wosakanizidwa. Zomera zimapezeka ndikusankha. Awiri mwa mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa adawoloka okha. Chitsamba chokhala ndi maluwa 7-10. Mothandizidwa ndi wosakanizidwa freesia, amapanga utawaleza pamabedi amaluwa, kubzala maluwa a freesia amtunduwu molingana ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa utawaleza.

Wosakanizidwa freesia pachimake kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Mitundu itatu yamitundu iyi ndi:

1. Red Lyon. Maluwa ndi ofiira, kapangidwe kake ka petal ndi terry.
2. Vinita Golide. Chikasu kapena lalanje.
3. Royal Blue. Dengu ndi lamtambo.

Tikufika

Freesia wakula m'munda komanso kunyumba. Zomera zimakula bwino pazochitika zonsezi.

Kubzala yotseguka pansi tengani ma tubers. Kuphika mababu kubzala kumayambiriro kwa masika. Amabzalira chinthu, chomwe chimakonzedwa motere: turf / peat / humus / mchenga.

Feteleza ndi fupa chakudya, mchere wa potaziyamu umawonjezeredwa ku chisakanizo cha dothi lokonzekera kubzala lokha.

Mababu okhala ndi gawo linalake amaikidwa mumphika wobzala kuti zikumera zimere momasuka.

Ndikofunika kuyendetsa bwino ulimi wothirira kuti nthaka isadzaze, komanso osangokhala youma.

Ngati nyengo ilola, ma tubers angabzalidwe nthawi yomweyo panja, mutapenda kale zam'mabowo.

Kubzala ndibwino kuchitira nyengo ya masika kwambiri, pafupifupi pakati pa Epulo - kumayambiriro kwa Meyi.

Tsambalo likuyenera kusankhidwa pasadakhale, poganizira zodziwika bwino kwa chisamaliro cha freesia. Ngakhale akuchokera ku South Africa, salola kutentha ndi dzuwa mwachindunji. Malo amdima, odekha, osanja zojambula - izi ndi zonse zomwe zimakonda maluwa, ndikuonetsetsa kuti maluwa ake ali bwino.

Asanabzala, peat imawonjezedwa pansi. Nthaka imasulidwa ndi zikhomo zokhazikitsidwa, kuti muigwiritse ntchito pokongoletsa mbewu.

Kudzala tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mabowo akuya masentimita 6 amakonzekera, kuyambira 5 mpaka 12 cm. Nditakhala pamwamba pa mabowo wogawanitsa feteleza.

Kuti mumasilira maluwa a freesia kunyumba, amakulanso m'maluwa.

Kufotokozera mwachidule zofunika kukwera, titha kusiyanitsa izi:

1. Freesia amafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti nthawi yayitali masana.
2. Duwa limakonda kukonzekera.
3. Nthaka yomwe dimba limabzalidwa liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lokwanira bwino.
4. Mitundu ya Broadleaf ya freesia imafunikira malo, mitundu yopapatiza imatha kubzalidwa bwino.
5. Kudula maluwa kumaloledwa pambuyo pakale maluwa awiri oyamba m'basiketi.
6. Maluwa ofota ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti zakudya zisamawonongeke.
7. Duwa limakonda chinyezi, limayenera kupatsidwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi zonse. Musalole madzi kulowa masamba ndi dissolutions.

Chisamaliro cha Fenceia

Konzani kusamalira maluwa ndikofunikira, kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

• Kuchotsa kwakanthawi kwa maluwa owuma.
• Kudyetsa chomeracho kawiri pamwezi.
• Wothirira pang'ono koma mosalekeza.
• Mangani zimayambira.
• Kusanthula mbewu kuchokera ku tizirombo.
• Mankhwala a babu asanabzalidwe.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuvala koyamba pamwamba kumachitika ndi ammonium nitrate.

Kukula freesia kunyumba

Kunyumba, kulima freesia ndikulinga nthawi yozizira - maluwa masika. Popewa freesia kuti asaumbidwe mu Januware, ma tubers amabzalidwa m'nthaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.

Mababu amakhala chisanakhazikitsidwe mu azotobacterin, yokonzekera ndi kuyembekezera kwa 0,5 g pa 10 l yamadzi, ndi nthawi ya theka la ora. Pa phata la thankiyo, madzi akumwa ndi ngodya zamatanda zimakhazikika, ndiye kuti dothi limathiridwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa potaziyamu phosphorous kuvala kwapamwamba. Mababu 5 amaikidwa mumphika mpaka akuya masentimita 6. Chidebe chokhala ndi freesia chimayikidwa bwino chipinda choyatsidwa bwino, kutentha kwambiri. Masamba asanafike, mbewu yake siikhala madzi. Masamba oyamba atatuluka, duwa limasinthidwa kupita kumalo otentha ndikuyamba kuthilira.

Kusamalira freesia kunyumba ndikosavuta kuposa m'munda kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha.

1. M'nyengo yozizira, freesia yomwe ikukula kunyumba, ndikofunikira kuti ipereke kuwala, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito nyali.
2. Kuti mulime duwa lochepera, simuyenera kuyiwala za zogwirizira. Amathandizira freesia kuwongola ndikula bwino. Mukusamalira mbewu, malo ofunika amatengedwa ndi boma la kuthirira. Njira zoyendetsera madzi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi osasunthika pomwe pamwamba pouma.
3. Posamalira freesia, munthu sayenera kuyiwala kuti amakonda chinyezi ndipo njira yofukiziramo mankhwala ndiyofunika.
4. Muyenera kudyetsa duwa kawiri pa sabata mpaka masamba afota.
5. Kutulutsa kwa freesia yakunyumba, masamba ndi tsinde zimadulidwa, ndipo akupitiliza kusamalira babu kuti mababu ena awonekerenso. Kenako ma tubers amachotsedwa panthaka, amawagwirira ndi potaziyamu permanganate kaphatikizidwe, owuma ndikusungidwa.

Kukalamba kwa babu

Kusungidwa moyenera kwa tubers - chitsimikizo chokukula maluwa okongola komanso okongola chaka chamawa.

1. Mababu a Fenceia amasungidwa mu maukonde, mzipinda zokhala ndi mpweya wonyowa (80%). Ulamuliro wa kutentha ndi madigiri 20.
2. Popanda chipinda choyenera, ukonde wokhala ndi mababu umayikidwa pachidebe chamadzi.
3. Kusamalira kosiyana kumafunika kubzala zinthu. Kamodzi pamwezi, amafunika kuwunikanso, kupatula ma tubers omwe asungidwa. Mwezi usanachitike, amaikidwa m'malo ozizira.

M'malo otentha pomwe nyengo yozizira imasiyidwa, mababu amatha kusiyidwa pansi, ndikuwaphimba ndi lapotnik.

Monga chomera chilichonse, freesia imayamba kuwonongeka ndi tizilombo. Apa mndandanda wazomera zowopsa za maluwa:

• kuponya;
• nsabwe za m'masamba;
• kangaude;
• nkhanambo;
• kuvunda.

Ngati madera omwe akhudzidwa apezeka pa duwa, ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Mababu asanasungidwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi potaziyamu permanganate njiraNjirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa musanabzalidwe. Popeza mwakulitsa maluwa amenewa m'mundamu pawindo lanu, mumatha kusangalala ndi maluwa osangalatsa chaka chilichonse, kupuma fungo labwino komanso labwino la freesia.