Valerian imapezeka zachilengedwe ngati pachaka komanso osatha, zitsamba zochepa. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola, omwe amampatsa ufulu wokhala pafupi ndi mbewu zina zokongoletsa m'mundamo.
Zosachepera theka la mtundu wamtundu wachilengedwe umakula ku Andes, wogwirizana bwino ndi nyengo yamapiri. M'malo aliwonse, mtundu uliwonse umatulutsa mafuta ofunikira onunkhira omwe amphaka amakonda kwambiri.
Mitundu ya Valerian
Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri ndi Valerian officinaliskukula m'dera la Europe la Russian Federation, Scandinavia ndi Central Europe. Mbewuyi ndi yachikale, imakhala ndi kufupika kwakanthawi komanso chingwe chowoneka ngati chingwe, chokhala ndi mizu ya bulauni yotulutsa fungo. Nthambi yowombera pafupi kokha ndi inflorescence, imakula mosawoneka bwino, yowongoka, yofiirira kuchokera pansi, osati pubescent.
Udzu sunapangidwe, ovate, lanceolate kapena liniya, wokutidwa ndi denticles ndi pubescent kumunsi. Ma inflorescence makamaka ndi akulu, corymbose, lilac kapena pafupifupi oyera. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu Meyi ndipo imatha mpaka Ogasiti, ndipo zipatso zimayamba kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembara.
Valerian Volga - komanso yosatha, imatalika masentimita 60, ndi chizungulire chosakhala pansi. Foliage ili ndi mawonekedwe - zing'onozing'ono komanso zosowa. Maluwa ndi oyera kapena ofiira otuwa; amapanga mawonekedwe okhuthala.
Nthawi yamaluwa amtunduwu imayamba mu Julayi. Ili pamndandanda wazomera zotetezedwa mdera la Saratov, ndikuyenera kuwongolera mwapadera anthu aku Tatarstan.
Valerian amakayikira ngakhale okwera - mpaka mita 1 kutalika. Mphukira za mbewu yosatha iyi ndi yolimba, yowongoka, makilogalamu 3-4 Rhizomes amabzalidwa kwambiri ndi mizu yozungulira ngati chingwe. Kuchulukana kumapangidwanso mu corymbose oyera, pinki, ndi lilac inflorescence, masamba akutsutsana.
Maluwa amatenga kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, zipatso - kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembara. Chomera chimatha kupezeka ku Siberia ndi Central Asia pamatanthwe, miyala, malo otsetsereka ndi namsongole pazomera za tirigu.
Valerian Russian
Chingwe cha herbaceous chokhala ndi misozi yolunjika, yopingasa, yosakonda kuyerekeza, yopanda tsinde. Pansi pa mphukira ndi pubescent, kutalika kwawo kumatha kukhala ngati 1.6 metres. Masamba, monga amtundu wa Volga, amatha kuphimbidwa ndi spines-setae yaying'ono.
Mtundu wa maluwa ang'onoang'ono otuwa a inflorescence ndi oyera kapena otuwa pinki, amatulutsa kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi. Mitunduyi ndi yodziwika ku dera la ku Europe la Russian Federation, ku Ukraine (nkhalango yam'mphepete mwa kumanzere kwa banki). Malinga ndi mawonekedwe amachiritso, valerian waku Russia sakhala wotsika kuposa mankhwala.
Valerian - mitundu ya udzu yosatha, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukula kwa pansi pamadzi kuchokera pakapangidwe kakang'ono kwambiri kozungulira, cylindrical rhizome. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumatha kukhala ngati 1.5 metres, nthawi zambiri sikakhala ndi nthambi. Masamba a Cirrus, omwe amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mapepala akuluakulu a Rhomboid, okhala ndi masamba ambiri.
Ma inflorescence ndi maambulera atatu a mtengo wa pinki, wotuwa pang'ono. Maluwa awo amachitika mu Meyi-Ogasiti. Valerianyu amakonda kumera pamtunda m'malo otentha, peatlands, ndi m'nkhalango zotentha.
Valerian lipolate - timangokumana ku Caucasus, mdziko lapansi - mitundu yake imafikira ku Turkey ndi Iran. Chomera chosatha chokhala ndi mphuno yolimba, chooneka ngati ndodo kapena chopindika, nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi nthambi kumapeto.
Imafalikira kutalika kwa 1.5 metres, nthambi yolimba yopanga mizere pafupi ndi corymbose-hemispherical inflorescence, yopangidwa kuchokera kumaluwa oyera kapena otumbululuka a pinki-ofiira otambalala otentha pafupifupi 7 mm. Maluwa amapezeka mu Julayi, limatha mu Seputembara. Mitundu, kuphatikiza pazomwe zimachiritsa, imawonetsanso chomera cha uchi.
Valerian wambiri - m'modzi wotsika kwambiri m'banjamo (20 mpaka 40 cm). Bomba la oblong-ovoid la herbaceous osatha limapindika khosi la sentimita 5, kuchokera pomwe mizu ya nthambi.
Ma inflorescence ndi wandiweyani, wowala pang'ono, wopangidwa ndi maluwa opepuka aubweya waubweya-wothandizirana ndi ma 500 mm kutalika. Mutha kuzipeza kuthengo komwe kuli mapiri, shrubber of Europe ndi Western Siberia.
Kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro cha Valerian
Valerian officinalis imamera zonse m'malo opepuka komanso m'malo otetezeka. Nthawi yoyenera kubzala ndi nthawi kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Novembala, kuzizira kumayamba kukhazikika.
Mabedi mita imodzi amafesedwa ndi 0,7-0.8 magalamu a mbeu, ngati anaganiza kuti abzale nthawi ya masika kapena chilimwe, ndipo atafesedwa nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala 15-20% koposa.
M'lifupi mwake mulitali mita imodzi, kuya kwake kumatengera dothi (pakuwala - 2-3 cm, pa loamy - 1-1.5 cm) ndipo sikofunikira kwenikweni pakubzala nyengo yachisanu (kuyika mbewu sikofunikira, kuchitika mokwanira zotsegulira za poyambira masentimita atatu ndi atatu. Pakati pa mizere simapitirira masentimita 45, popeza kuwonjezera mzere wa mzere-spacings kumachepetsa zokolola.
Melissa alinso chomera chamankhwala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sedative. Chimakula nthawi yobzala ndi chisamaliro poyera popanda zovuta, malinga ndi malamulo aulimi. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira valerian
Mu magawo oyambilira aulimi ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi mosamala, kudzera mu sume, kuti asasambe mbewu pansi.
Pambuyo pa kutuluka, ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chikubwera kumafunikira kuchepetsedwa, ndikofunikanso kuwonetsetsa kuti samalekerera chilala (chomwe chimakwaniritsidwa ndikuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku). Ndikothekanso kusintha ma hydrate pamalo olimidwa ndi valerian posunga chisanu.
Valerian Primer
Khola lokwanira komanso lokwera limaperekedwa nthawi ngati mawonekedwe a nthaka yokonzedweratu pamalowo ndi yopepuka, yamagetsi, kapena chomera chobzalidwa pamiyeso ndikulimidwa peat bog.
Kukonzekeretsa dothi kuti lifesedwe nthawi yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse tsiku lofanizira kwa masiku 30 mpaka 40 mutabzala njira, ndiye kuti dziko lapansi lidzakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kukhazikika.
Kuphatikizika kwa Valerian
Atasamutsira valerian ku malo okhazikika, ndiye amawasamalira mwa njira yomweyo - kumasula ma kanjira, kuchotsa udzu.
Nthawi yosamutsira kumalo okhazikika ikubwera kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mbande zakula kale ndi masamba 4-5 ndipo zimatha kukula m'njira zachikulire, zokhazokha komanso ngati gawo lobzala gulu.
Ndikofunikira kuyiyika pansi pa thambo, koma izi sizofunikira, chifukwa pansi pa mtengo zinthu sizingakule. Tsopano ndikwabwino kuwonjezera mzere kutalika kwa 60-70 cm, sichingakhale chopepuka kuyimitsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mizu yayitali kwambiri.
Feteleza wa Valerian
Za feteleza, zonse ndizosavuta. Zimatenga makilogalamu 5-7 a humus pa mita imodzi ya kubzala asanalowe ndikuwumba ngati ufa wa peat kumapeto kwa ntchito yofesa.
Kenako, mutathira mbewu pamalo osatha, kuvala pamwamba kumachepetsa kumayambiriro kwa madzi (1: 6) kapena zitosi za mbalame (1:12). Mukhoza, kuphatikiza, kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa chomera pazomera, kuyambitsa nitroammophosco (20-30 magalamu pa mita lalikulu) kuphatikiza ndi michere.
Kutola mbewu kwa Valerian
Pambuyo pa chaka chachiwiri, chophatikizira, valerian amalowa m'maluwa, omwe amakhala pafupifupi chilimwe chonse. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, zipatso zimawoneka ngati ma achenes.
Pofika pakati pa chilimwe, mbewuzo zimacha bwino mpaka kukonzekera kukolola. Izi zimachitika ku Valerian officinalis kuyambira pomwe mphukira zimayamba kukonzanso kuchokera kumtunda wobiriwira mpaka wachikaso. Mphukira imafunikira kudulidwa kapena kuwombedwa ndi thumba la nsalu pamwamba pa chinsalu ndikudikirira mpaka mbewu ziwonongeke zokha.
Kutsatira kudulira, malo ena amawonjezeredwa. Osangokhala pamaziko a ma rhizomes, komanso ma tinctures a mankhwala ndi ma decoctions amakonzedwa kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zimathandizira motsutsana ndi matenda angapo.
Valerian m'nyengo yozizira
Kwa nthawi yozizira, nazale iyenera kukonzedwa ndikukuphimba ndi nthambi zazing'ono, ndipo, mwa njira, kufalitsa pamtunda wowuma wa mbewu zilizonse, udzu (pamtunda wa masentimita 5-6).
M'nyengo yozizira, ma "windows" owoneka bwino amapangidwa muudzu kuti mbewu zisatenthe.
Kusungidwa kwa mbeu za Valerian
Kusungidwa kwa mbewu ndikololedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala amtundu wa multilayer omwe ali chipinda chowuma. Izi siziyenera kupitirira chaka chimodzi chifukwa chakuti adzataya kumera.
Pansi pazachilengedwe, kubereka kumachitika mumphepo - pomwe mphukira imasunthika, imabalalika m'malo owerengeka a 5 metres. Chifukwa chake, kupanga zabwino pamtengowo, mutha kuusintha kuti ukhale udzu womwe ungabzale gawo popanda gawo la wolimi.
Kuti mupewe izi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kudula mphukira zamaluwa zomwe zikadali zobiriwira. Chifukwa chake mizu imakula mwachangu, ndipo kudzipanga kumasiya.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Valerian officinalis imagwidwa ndi beetroot, valerian aphid, scoop yozizira, njenjete ndi mebug. Pakhala pali milandu ya zotupa za powdery mildew ndipo, zomwe zimayambitsa zowonongeka zambiri, zola yoyera, ndikupanga pamtengo china chofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje (bowa mycelium).
Munthawi zochulukirapo, njira zodzitetezera zimathandiza (kuchokera pakubzala mbewu yofananira kwina, kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa umuna wa potaziyamu, kukumba pansi ndi kuphatikizira) ndikuchizira mbewu musanadzale (pafakitala).
Mankhwala a Valerian ndi contraindication
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za valerian zimadziwika kwa onse ochiritsa komanso azachipatala. Mwa kufananizira ndi mankhwala ambiri azitsamba, mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku valerian ali ndi zowonjezereka zochizira. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphunzitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri kuti athetse kupsinjika ndi kupumula kwamkati kwamanjenje.
Zotsatira zabwino za mankhwala a valerian zatsimikiziridwa ku khunyu, tachycardia, kupweteka kwa mtima ndi mtima, komanso matenda ena am'mimba, kuphatikizapo gastritis. Valerian imatha kukhala yovulaza thupi pokhapokha ngati pali tsankho limodzi, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri. Popeza imatha kupumula pamitsempha yayikulu, ndikofunikira kuyitenga mosamala pazinthu zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro.
Tincture wa ku Valerian
Chitsamba ichi ndi chomwe chimapanga gawo lalikulu la infusions, decoctions ndi kukonzekera kwazitsamba. Mwachitsanzo, mowa wa valerian amadziwika kuti ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yolimbana ndi kusowa tulo.
Zakonzedwa motere: timatenga supuni ziwiri za mizu yophwanyika ya Valerian officinalis, ndikuthira ndi kapu yoyamba ya vodka ndikuyilola kuti iphulike kwa masabata awiri mumdima komanso ozizira. Pambuyo poti madziwo azosefedwa, ndipo ali okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito (15-20 akutsikira katatu patsiku).
Valerian Msuzi
Ndizosangalatsa kuti kumwa valerian mwa kupumira m'mapweya kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri kuposa kudya kwakanthawi ndikuyamba kuchita maulendo 20 mwachangu, chifukwa chake madokotala amalangizira kuchita izi asanagone (inhale 6 times ndi mphuno zonsezi, osati mwakuya kwambiri komanso osati mwachangu kwambiri).
Zodziwikiratu zikuwoneka pakukhudzana ndi migraine kumapereka decoction yokonzedwera kuchokera supuni ya zida zosapsa ndi kapu yamadzi ozizira. Choyamba muyenera kusiya kusakaniza kuti mufikire kwa maola pafupifupi 12, kenako ndikuusefa ndipo mutha kutenga supuni kanayi pa tsiku.
Msuzi waku Valerian wa makanda
Ana, makanda kapena makanda amalimbikitsidwa kuti azisamba ochiritsa ndi mizu ya valerian. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kukwiya, koma muyenera kupanga zowonjezera molondola:
- Supuni zitatu za mizu imatha 2 malita a madzi otentha;
- osakaniza amawumiriza maola 1.5 kuchokera ku malo otentha;
- tsitsa msuzi ndikuzizira (sikuyenera kukhala kotentha), ndiye kusakaniza kusamba.
Kusamba mukusamba sikuyenera kutenga mphindi zopitilira 15 kuti mwana asayime. Kuphatikiza apo, ndibwino kuti mumasefa ndi kirimu wowiritsa mukamasamba ndikakulunga mu bulangeti lotentha.
Kuphatikiza pa valerian, kuphatikiza kwa zowonjezera kungaphatikizidwe ndi zitsamba zina, mwachitsanzo, thyme, chamomile, kapena mamawort, koma musanasakanizike, onetsetsani kuti mwana sakukhudzidwa ndi zonse. Ndizosavuta kuwona izi, ngati mutamweka pang'ono pakhungu - limasanduka lofiira, ndiye kuti sikuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.
