Munda m'moyo wamunthu

Kuti mutolole zipatso zochuluka, muyenera kulimbikira: kukumba mwakhama, kusamalira mbewu, kupalira, kuthira manyowa ndi kuthirira. Ndi kudzichepetsera kwina, mwini wake wa mundawo amayang'ana minda yokongoletsera yokongola yomwe idakweza tchire ndi tchire lobiriwira lomwe osabala zipatso. Ngati azindikira zoyenera kuti mbewu zina zokongoletsa zizikhala m'malo a zipatso, ndiye kuti maluwa okha ndiwo.

© virgorama Ngakhale okalamba adayang'ana kukongola kwa maluwa omwe adakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali: chrysanthemum idaluwa pafupifupi zaka 2000 zapitazo m'minda yaku China. Mu Middle Ages, woweta nzika waku Germany adalima duwa komanso kakombo yoyera (poyamba anali ngati zamankhwala), maluwa a May m'chigwacho, primrose, daisies, ndi digitalis. Kenako, kuchokera kumwera kumwera chakum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Europe, mitundu yambiri yazomera inafalikira, pakati pawo iris, maluwa, wall lamanzere, kakombo ofiira, marigold. Kupezedwa kwa America, kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 15, dahlias, fuchsia ndipo lero adapeza phindu lalikulu lachuma monga mpendadzuwa wamafuta ndi mafuta obzalidwa m'minda ya alimi ndi anthu amtawuni yakwathu. Pambuyo pake, phlox yapamwamba idawonekera pamabedi athu az maluwa.

Kuphatikiza pa maluwa, zitsamba ndi mitengo zosiyanasiyana zimamera pazokha. Kuyambira kale, elderberry wakula ngati mtengo wazomera. Minga ndi khungubwe zimateteza ngati munda. Boxwood, kanjedza prickly, viburnum, privet, yew ndi juniper, ndi ma lilac omwe aliyense adakonda, adangobzala kochepa kambiri, popeza nthaka, yomwe idalimidwa movutikira, idagwidwa ndi mbewu zofunika pothandizira moyo. Minda yoyambilira, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa munthawi zamakedzana, mwina idasungidwa mawonekedwe ena, koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, zabwino zamagulu ndi kubzala wamba ndi kufesa zidayamba kuwonekera. Njira yophwanya zipatso ndi njira zake zowongoka ndi mabedi amakona akusungidwa mpaka pano. Malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito kuganiza bwino kwamtundu uliwonse wa mita lalikulu - geometric - amatsutsidwa ndi kapangidwe kamundawo womwe wafika bwino kwambiri ku China ndi Japan, ngati ngodya yamtchire ndi mpumulo wake, wokhala ndi masamba ambiri, mwina pang'ono pang'ono kwadzidzidzi. Popita nthawi, malingaliro awa awonekera kwambiri pamapangidwe athu minda. Tsopano patsamba lomwelo mutha kuwona mbali zonse ziwiri.

© Lucy_Hill

Njira yochokera kumundawo, yomwe imagwiranso ntchito, mpaka lero ndi maudindo ake, zitsamba zokongoletsera ndi mitengo yamaluwa inali yayitali. Zaka 200 zapitazo, Christian S. L. Hirschfeld adalemba m'mawu oyamba ku buku lake labwino kwambiri, The Theory of Garden Art: "Kuwonongeka kwa dimba ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe munthu wosangalala angasankhe." Ndipo kupitiliza kuti: "Pakutentha, minda ingapo idaphuka mdziko lomwelo, lomwe anthu ake amakhala" atamangidwa ", kufunafuna chisangalalo ndi nkhawa, amasangalala kwambiri ndi zochitika zaukali kuposa kuteteza ndi chilengedwe." Masiku ano, minda yamaluwa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'mizinda yathu, m'matauni ndi m'midzi. Malo obiriwira mtawoni ndi ngodya ya nyama zamtchire. Pamodzi ndi malo otseguka, minda ngati imeneyi imakhala malo obiriwira m'malo okhala.

© Kuthamanga Kwa Chiot

Woyang'anira munda wachidwi amasamalira mwachikondi ziweto zake. Mitengo ikhoza kumukumbutsa za nkhalango, kamba - m'malo mwa dambo. Pamalo omwe ali ndi dothi lamiyala, amapatsanso malo azomera zam'mapiri. Ndi chidwi chochepa chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa anthu ochepa komanso ochepa omwe amakhala m'mundamo. Wamaluwa amadandaula za omwe amadya kabichi - akalulu. Kwazaka zambiri kwa zaka zambiri sanakaikire chilichonse chabodza mwachinsinsi, koma maulendo ofunikira kwambiri a hedgehog, poyeretsa chipika chakale iye amapunthwa mwangozi pa mlendo uyu. M'nyengo yotentha, masiku a dzuwa, abuluzi wokongola m'munda amawoneka pathanthwe lamundawo; kuzizira kwonyowa kwa chotengera ndi madzi kudzakopa achule ndi ma vents, ndipo matope odera osyankhira amayamba kutuluka mumakona oterera, oterera ndikuyamba kukumba ma ndime awo angapo omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri panthaka. Pamalo omwe ngodya iliyonse idatsukidwa bwino mpaka tsamba lomalizira komanso loumbika, pomwe njira zidayikidwa pakati pa mabedi otchingidwa, zolengedwa zonsezi, mwatsoka, zimalandidwa mwayi wokhala ndi moyo, ndipo dimba likufota pamaso pathu, chifukwa anthuwa amafunika kulemera.

M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zimadyetsedwa. Koma momwe zimakhalira kuti zisaonongeke zimakhalabe zabwino. Phindu lalikulu limadza kuchokera kwa munthu amene amasamalira anthu okhala ndi munda wake. Ndibwino ngati zipatso, loboti, ndi wren zimakhazikika pamitengo ya tsamba lanu koyambirira kwamasika. Mankhwala atizilombo toyambitsa matenda ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, kutsatira zonse zofunika pakugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa zimatha kupha mbalame. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti dimba labwino kwambiri ndi njira yabwino, malo oyalidwa maluwa, ndi ukhondo. Koma malingaliro oterewa akuwoneka kuti ndi opepuka kwa ife. Munda woterewu sungatilembere ndi malo ena achilengedwe. Pokhapokha pamene dimba lathu lidzakhale gawo ladziko lapansi ndi zovuta zake zonse, zobisika komanso zowoneka ngati zazing'ono, tidzapeza zotsatira zabwino.

Mundawu unali wokongola nthawi iliyonse pachaka: nthawi yozizira chilichonse chimakutidwa ndi chinsalu choyera cha chipale chofewa, ndipo, ngati kuti ndimatsenga, chimakhala chokongola bwino; koyambirira kwa nyengo yamasika, pamene ulimi wayamba kumene. Zitha kubweretsa zambiri maluwa oyamba kuyerekezera ndi masamba oyamba. Ndipo nthawi yotentha, wosamalira mundawo palibe - ngakhale kuyang'ana kuthambo - ngakhale litayang'aniridwa ndi mabingu amdima, omwe amayembekezera mwachidwi ndi kukhumba, kapena kuyambitsa mkwiyo. Mu Ogasiti, maapulo obiriwira amapanikizika panthambi, ndipo m'mawa kwambiri kapena nthawi yamadzulo, mpweya wophukira umamveka kale m'munda. Ndi bingu lakuthwa, mabingu omaliza a chilimwe pamapeto pake amalengeza kuyambira kwa nthawi yophukira; Nthambi zazitali zamtchire zovekedwa mu mitundu yoyala yonyowa ya izo. Mwezi wa Novembala, mphepo yowunda yozizirira ndiyotulutsa masamba okongola kuchokera kumitengo ndi zitsamba. Ndi chisanu, ntchito yofunikira imatha, duwa lomaliza lomenyeralo laudula, ndipo korona wa dimba, maluwa otupa akutulutsa kale kasupe watsopano.