Ndani sangavomereze kuti zokolola zabwino zimachitika chifukwa chamasamalira bwino mbewu? Komabe, masiku ano mdziko laulimi pali maupangiri ndi apangiri ambiri omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholinga chabwino - kuthandiza mabedi awo, zimapangitsa kuwonongeka mu mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu kapena kukulitsa nthawi yakucha. Tiyeni tiwone zolakwitsa zomwe olima masamba amalakwitsa posamalira tomato.
Tomato
Cholakwika choyamba. Kubzala Tomato Wovuta
Ambiri olima masamba osadziwa zambiri, akufuna kuwonjezera zokolola za phwetekere, amasintha kufesa zobwezeretsa. Komabe, kuti mbewuzo zikulire bwino ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuti zibzale, kupanga mawonekedwe ndikuthanso kupereka zokolola zonse, sizifunikira kuwala kokwanira, michere, komanso mpweya wabwino.
Mitengo yofesedwa ya tomato imawachotsera zonsezi, kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha mapangidwe obzala osalimba (kuwonjezera kwa ma internodes, kuyika masamba ochepa), komanso chizolowezi cha matenda, kukula pang'onopang'ono ndikucha zipatso.
Momwe mungayikitsire mbande za phwetekere m'munda?
Njira yodzala tomato imakhazikitsidwa nthawi zingapo pazinthu zingapo: kutalika kwa mbewu, kufunika kwa kutsina, garter. Apa kufotokozera kwa mitunduyo kumakhala mthandizi wabwino, kungoyang'ana momwe mungapangire pasadakhale zomwe zidzakhale zovuta posamalira nkhokwezo. Chifukwa chake, Tomato wamtali amayikidwa muyezo wazomera za 3-4 pa 1 sq.m, wotsika kwambiri - mbewu 4-5 pa 1 sq.m.
Njira zoyesera zofesa kwambiri zimaganiziridwa: zamitundu yopanda mphamvu - 30 cm pakati pa tomato ndi masentimita 60 pakati pa mizere, yayifupi-35 cm pakati pa tomato ndi 70-75 masentimita pakati pa mizere, yayitali (Detinant komanso indeterminate ndi garter) 40-45 masentimita pakati pa tomato ndi 60 masentimita pakati pa mizere.
Pali njira yodzala kawiri: pabedi lalikulu masentimita 50, mbewu zibzalidwe m'mizere iwiri mu chessboard, kutalikirana kwa masentimita 80. Komabe, mutha kupeza malingaliro ena, koma osasankha, chinthu chachikulu sikuti kuyika mbewu pafupi kwambiri, kusiya malo oti iwo akule.
Maluwa a phwetekere.
Cholakwika chachiwiri. Mapangidwe olakwika a phwetekere
Njira yachiwiri yolakwika pakufuna kuchulukitsa zipatso za phwetekere ndi malingaliro osachedwa kuponderezedwa. Zachidziwikire, pali mitundu (nthawi zambiri izi ndi mitundu ya mitengo yobiriwira yomwe siyakukula pang'ono) yomwe sikofunikira kuchita kukhomedwa, koma zochulukira, nthawi zambiri, nthambi zowonjezera pamtunda waukulu wa mbewu zimachedwetsa kukhwima kwa mbewu yake, chifukwa, imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zipatso. Nthawi yomweyo, kubzala kwa nthawi yomweyo kwa mtengowo, kuphatikiza ndi kukhazikika pamwamba mu Ogasiti, sikuti kungokhala ndi matomatiki okhawo, komanso kukhwima kwawo kwathunthu.
Cholakwika chachitatu. Madeti olakwika
Vuto lotsatira lomwe limapangitsa kuchepa kwa mbeu ya phwetekere ndikudzala mbande nthawi ina kuposa zomwe zalimbikitsidwa mdera lino. Olima ena amalimbikitsa njira imeneyi chifukwa chakuti mwanjira imeneyi mbewu zawo zimatetezedwa ku madzi oundana omwe atha kubwezeretsedwanso, mbande zochulukirapo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti zikulire ndikupereka mphamvu zambiri pakukula, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mazira, kupirira kwa mbewu, ndi mtundu womaliza wazipatso.
Phwetekere
Cholakwika chachinayi. Kutsirira kolakwika
Vuto lina lomwe limapezeka posamalira mbewuyi ndi kuthirira mbewu. Makamaka zovuta zoyipa ndizothirira pamtunda. Kungokhalira kumeza lokhazikika pansi pa matomawo, wamaluwa samalola kuti mizu ipite mwakuya (ndipo zitatha izi, podzala chodzaza ndi chikhalidwe chamtunduwu, amapita pansi mpaka 1.5 m), zomwe zimachepetsa kukana kwa matomawo kutenga chilala, zimapangitsa kukulira kwazomera zobiriwira komanso kulepheretsa maluwa masamba a m'munsi inflorescences. Komabe, kusowa kwa chinyezi kumakhala ndi zotsatira zake - kugwera kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi masamba, kusokonekera kwa zipatso ndi kuwonongeka ndi zowola za apical.
Ndipo momwe kuthirira tomato?
Tomato amafunikira chinyezi chambiri, koma masabata ochepa mutabzala. Kenako lamuloli limaphatikizidwa: pocheperapo, koma mochuluka. Palinso njira zomwe mulching imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, ndi pepala, yomwe imathetseratu kufunikira kowonjezera kuthirira. Komabe, njira zofala kwambiri zaukadaulo waulimi za mbewuyi zimangokhalira kutsikira kawiri kapena madzulo kawiri pa sabata, koma kuyambira pakukhazikitsa kwa mbewu zamtsogolo.
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika pansi pa muzu kapena mzere, apo ayi mutha kuyambitsa kuwotcha kwa masamba kapena kukula kwa choipacho. Zokwanira kuti mbewu zibweretse chinyezi m'nthaka kapena ayi - masamba akuwonetsa. Ngati sichoncho, adzasanduka mdima ndipo potenthedwa kumayamba kuzimiririka. Nthawi zambiri, mukathirira, muyenera kuchoka pakuwerengera kwa malita 3-5 pachomera chilichonse.
Tomato
Cholakwika chachisanu. Kuchuluka kwambiri
Podziwa kuti kuthamangitsa kucha, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yodulira masamba otsika a tomato, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi. Pochotsa masamba athanzi, makamaka mutathirira, timachepetsa malo omwe madziwo amatuluka, ndichifukwa chake kuchuluka konse kwamphamvu kumayendetsedwa zipatso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala madzi ambiri ndikusweka. Ndikwabwino kuchotsa masamba achikasu, owonongeka, koma osapitirira atatu nthawi imodzi.
Zofunika kuchita ndi ziti zomwe sitimachita nthawi zambiri?
Kudalira kuti tomato ndi chikhalidwe chodziipukutira, ndi bwino kuwathandiza mungu. Kuti muchite izi, simuyenera kuyenda ndi burashi ndi kupukutira maluwa aliyense payekhapayekha, koma gwedezani mbewuyo pang'ono pokwanira kuti mungu uzifika pestle. Ndipo nthawi yabwino kwambiri iyi ndi masana ofunda dzuwa kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 13.
Kulima dothi kumathandizira pakukula ndi kukula, chifukwa chake zokolola zochuluka. Mulch samangolekerera dziko lapansi pang'ono (ndipo tikudziwa kuti tomato ngati "miyendo" yawo ndi yabwino), imasungabe chinyezi, koma imathandizanso kuti ikule pamabedi a nyongolotsi, zomwe zimapangidwa monga coprolite, feteleza wachilengedwe yemwe amathandizira kukula ndi chitukuko ndipo koposa zonse, kudzala chitetezo chomera.
