Gawo lalikulu la chitonthozo mdziko muno ndi madzi otentha. Kutentha kwake kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera chamadzi, chomwe chimayenera kusankhidwa bwino. Kuti muchite izi, mverani maupangiri ochepa a momwe mungasankhire mafuta owiritsa.
Kupanga malo abwino kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kwa munthu. Kuti mukonzekere kanyumba ndi zinthu zonse zofunika, muyenera kanyumba kamene kamapereka nyumba ndi madzi otentha.
Pali mitundu ingapo yama boiler ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosiyanasiyana:
- Magetsi;
- Mafuta;
- Kutentha nkhuni;
- Zachindunji.
Mitundu ndi kuwunika kwa boiler kwamnyumba zanyengo yachilimwe
Mphamvu yamagetsi. Mtundu wambiri wamagetsi ndi magetsi, chifukwa funso lomwe limadziwika kwambiri kwa omwe ali ndi mwayi wamaluwa ndi momwe angasankhire boiler yamagetsi yoyenera?
Ma boilers amtunduwu amatha kukhazikika kapena mtundu wa pansi. Pansipa, nthawi zambiri, matanki okwanira 200 kapena kupitilira amaikidwa. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, madzi oundana amadzi ochepa amagwiritsidwa ntchito (kuyambira 10 l. To 100 l.).
Madzi omwe ali mu boiler amawotchera mothandizidwa ndi chinthu chotenthetsera, chomwe chili ndi mphamvu 1.5 - 2,5 kW. Kamangidwe ka boiler kanapangidwa kuti kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwa kutentha ndikochepa. Katunduyu amapezeka mwa kuyika kutchingira mafuta pakati pa khoma lakunja la boiler ndi nyumba ya thanki yowonjezera.
Kutentha ndi kuwongolera mphamvu mu boiler yamagetsi kumayendetsedwa ndi sensor yamafuta. Kupanikizika mumapaipi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutunga madzi. Madzi omwe amalowa mu thankiyo amakokedwa ndi batani la cheke. Ndi chithandizo chake, mpweya umathandizidwanso, womwe umatha kulowa mu kayendetsedwe ka madzi mukasintha gawo lolephera. Kampopi imayikidwa pamadzi kuchokera ku boiler. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potseka madzi pakagwiridwe kake kapena kukonza gawo lililonse.
Boiler yamagetsi imagwira bwino ntchito nthawi yonseyo. Madzi azikhala momwemo nthawi zonse, ndipo azikhala ndi malo ena osiyaniranapo ndi ena. Ngati palibe loop ya pansi, ziyenera kuchitidwa (izi ndizofunikira pazifukwa zotetezeka motsutsana ndi dera lalifupi kupita kunyumba, chifukwa chake, madzi onse mu dongosololi atha kukhala amphamvu).
Kwa nyumba yayikulu yomwe banja limodzi komanso loyera limakhala, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito boiler yokhala pansi, yokhazikitsidwa pakati yolemera malita 100 mpaka 200. Boiler wotereyu sangagwirepo ntchito yokhalamo chilimwe, chifukwa mtengo wake wokuwotchera udzakhala waukulu. Zingati kusankha boiler?
Makina abwino kwambiri otungira nyumba azikhala ma 50-100 lita imodzi ndi kutentha kwa 2 kW. Amatenthetsa madzi mwachangu (kuchokera maola 1.5 mpaka 3), pomwe mtengo wamagetsi udzakhala wochepa. Opanga otchuka kwambiri: Termor, Atlantik, Vaillant, Drazice.
Wophika mafuta. Kupezeka kwa mpweya wakutsogolo pafupi ndi nyumbayo ndi nthambi yake mwachindunji mnyumba kumapangitsa njirayi kukhala yothandiza kwambiri, komanso yonyamula mphamvu imakhala yotsika mtengo. Kusankha kwa boiler kwa nyumba yopopera mafuta kuyenera kuyimitsidwa pazinthu monga Ariston kwa malita 95, Vaillant pamalita 130, Viessmann. Izi ndizowonjezera kutentha, zodalirika komanso zotchuka zamagetsi am'madzi a chilimwe.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagesi zilizonse, chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi njira yodalirika yopumira mpweya wabwino.
Zoyipa zama boiler a mafuta:
- Kukhazikitsa kwa zida zamagesi kuyenera kupezeka kuchokera ku ntchito yamagesi kumalo komwe mumakhala. Komanso, popanda iwo, kukhazikitsa boiler kungakhale kosaloledwa;
- Ndikofunikira kujambulitsa phukusi loyenera lalembedwe ka zida zamagesi. Izi zitha kutenga nthawi;
- M'njira yamagesi, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi kuthamanga;
- Kukhazikitsa boiler yamagesi, muyenera malo ambiri.
Ntchito zonse ndi zida zimakhala zodula.
Boiler wowuma. Malamulo pakusankha kanyumba owotchera nkhuni ndi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kuyika uvuni: padera kapena welded. Ndi bokosi lamoto lotentha, nthawi yotenthetsera imachepetsedwa ndi 30%, koma zikasokonekera, bokosi lamoto limakhala lovuta kwambiri kukonza. Chifukwa ambiri okhala pachilimwe amasankha boiler yozimitsa moto yokhala ndi bokosi loyimitsa moto.
Chowotcha chowotcha nkhuni chingakhale chida chotenthetsera. Monga mafuta, chilichonse chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chomwe chimawotcha, koma alibe mankhwala (mafuta okhazikika, nkhuni zamoto, tchipisi zamatabwa, mapepala, makatoni, ma pellets).
Wotenthetsera madzi owotchera nkhuni amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo a nyumbayo, momwe mulibe magetsi kapena mapaipi amagetsi. Makonzedwe awo ndi mfundo za magwiridwe antchito ndizosavuta. Tanki imayikidwa mu ng'anjo. Payipi ya utsi imayikidwa mkati mwa thankiyo. Ndi chithandizo chake, madziwo akutenthetsedwa.
Yotenthetsera yotentha. Wotenthetsera wamtunduwu amagwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kuchokera pakutentha monga magetsi. Kamangidwe kake ndi chotengera momwe ma coil amaikidwapo (chitoliro). Imakhala gawo la chozimitsa kutentha - madzi otenthetsera omwe amadutsa pa chitoliro amasamutsa kutentha kumadzi mu thanki, amawotha kutentha.
Njira yoperekera nyumbayo ndi madzi otentha ndiyopindulitsa kwambiri, chifukwa sizifunikira ndalama zowonjezera zamagetsi kapena gasi. Kufalikira kwamadzi kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yapadera, yolumikizidwa ndi dera la DHW (madzi otentha).
Masiku ano, pali opanga ambiri omwe amapanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri.
Momwe mungasankhire chowotcha chosazizira pakati pamitundu yosiyanasiyana? Opanga a Drazice, Acv Smart, Viessmann, Buderus, Vaillant, Junkers Bosch Gruppe, Reflex, kampani yaku France Saunier Duval, Polish Galmet, Italy Beretta ndi Baxi adziwonetsa okha kuti ndiopanda mafuta otchuka komanso odalirika.
Ndi boiler iti yomwe ingasankhe nyumba yanyengo yachilimwe?
Ngati timalankhula za zabwino ndi zoyipa, ndiye kuti tiyenera kuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa owiritsa mwanjira inayake.
Mukamasankha boiler yamagetsi, muyenera kuganizira momwe amagwiritsira ntchito magetsi. Kwa nzika za chilimwe zomwe zimachezera nyumbayo mosasamala, boiler iyi ndi imodzi yabwino kwambiri, popeza ndizokwanira kuziyika ndikutulutsa poyambira kuyiyambitsa. Mukutulutsa zinthu, madziwo amakhala ndi nthawi yoti atenthe mpaka kutentha komwe mukufuna. Apa muyenera kuganizira kuphweka kwa kukhazikitsa kwake, komwe kumatha kuchitidwa palokha, popanda zilolezo zowonjezera.
Kuunikiranso ma boiler a gasi kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kuthekera kwa kukhazikitsa mnyumba yamtundu; zitha kukhala zosavuta kuziyika m'nyumba yokhalamo. Njira yokwera mtengo komanso kukhazikitsira yomwe ikukhudzana ndi ntchito ya gasi, komanso nthawi yayitali yomwe imatenga kuti munthu alole zilolezo, sangadziyikebe pachuma.
Ma boiler olimba, poyerekeza ndi zinthu zomwe zatenthetsa kale, ndizachuma zambiri, chifukwa zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati magetsi okha, komanso chofunda. Koma apa ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti sichitha msanga. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhala pafupi ndi iye nthawi zonse ndikutaya mafuta.
Choyenera kuchita, chingaoneke ngati, ndi chotenthetsera chosatentha. Koma m'chilimwe, pamene magetsi akuwotchera nyumbayo atazimitsidwa, owiritsa amataya ntchito zake.
Kutengera izi, funso lomwe osankha kuti azikhalamo nthawi yachilimwe liyenera kuyankhidwa kuti boiler yamagetsi ndiye njira yabwino koposa zonse. Ngakhale kanyumba kamakhala kutali ndi mzinda komwe kulibe magetsi, jenereta yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito boiler.
