Sparaxis (Sparaxis) ndi mbewu yobiriwira ya herbaceous yaubweya wabanja la Iris. Mitundu yambiri ya sparaxis imakulidwa ngati maluwa okongoletsera kapena maluwa.
Kufotokozera kwa maluwa a sparaxis
Nthawi ya maluwa ozungulira sparaxis imayamba kuyambira kumapeto kwa masika ndipo imakhala mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mapangidwe ake a maluwa ndi omata kapena opindika. Zomera zimatha kutalika mita 1. Komabe, palinso zitsanzo zosatsimikiziridwa. Pakati pa mitundu ya sparaxis, mitundu ina yophatikiza yokhala ndi masamba owonda nthawi zambiri imakulidwa. Zidzakhala zokongoletsera zabwino mu maluwa osungira maluwa kapena m'matanthwe mwala ndikugwirizana bwino ndi maluwa ena okongoletsa. Mutha kupanga zobzala zamagulu 20 kapena 30 zamitundu. Monga lamulo, sparaxis sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba. Maluwa amabzalidwa poyera kuti apange nyimbo zowoneka bwino pamabedi a maluwa. Maluwa odulidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa, ndipo amakongoletsanso makonde ndi loggias.
Kusamalira Sparaxis
Sparaxis ndi chomera chomwe chimakonda kutentha, choncho m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri, duwa limatha kufa. Ndi kutentha kosakwanira ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, nthawi yake yamaluwa imachepetsedwa, ndipo nyengo yozizira yayitali m'miyezi yotentha, maluwa amatha kusakhalapo. Malo okhala ndi malo owalirako bwino komanso abwino amakhala chisankho chabwino chonyamula. Dothi liyenera kukhala lachonde komanso lothira. Musanayambe ntchito yodzala, muyenera kuda nkhawa za kukhalapo kwa ngalande nthawi yamavula osakhalitsa, chifukwa chinyezi chambiri chimatha kuyambitsa kuzungulira kwa tubers. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa.
Kudzala kwa sparaxis kwakunja
Pakati pa yophukira, mababu a sparaxis amayamba kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka mpaka mainchesi 10. Kuti njira yodulira mitengo italikidwe, mtunda pakati pa tubers payokha uyenera kukhala wosachepera 15 cm. Kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa amtsogolo kupanga maluwa, muyenera kuwonjezera mtundawu kangapo. Nyengo ya chilimwe ikatha, ndikofunikira kutenthetsa mbewuyi chisanachitike chisanu choyamba. Kuti muchite izi, peat imathiridwa pansi pamizu ya chitsamba, pomwe masamba owuma amayikidwa. Chaka chamawa, ndikubwera kwa kutentha ndi nyengo yolimba ya masika, mawonekedwe oteteza amatha kuchotsedwa. Sparaxis imapitilira kutulutsa maluwa mpaka pakati pa chilimwe, monga lamulo, kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi, maluwa akuyamba kumayamba. Kuyambira pano, mutha kukumba tubers zam'mera, zomwe zimasungidwa mu mawonekedwe owuma nthawi yachisanu. Igwa pambuyo pake, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala.
Kumadera komwe kumatentha kwambiri nthawi yozizira, kulima sparaxis kumachitika kokha mu greenj m'nyumba. M'malo otseguka, mababu a maluwa obzalidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi, pamene chiwopsezo cha masika a masika chikadutsa ndipo nyengo yakhazikika imalowa. Nthawi yakubzala iyi, sparaxis akuyembekezeka kuphuka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, timatumba timakumba, kusenda pansi ndikusenda, ndikuwuma bwino firiji. Zitha kusungidwa m'malo abwino mu utuchi wouma kapena peat. Mababu owuma bwino komanso athanzi amatha kusungidwa kwa zaka zingapo osataya zinthu zoyenera kubzala.
Kukula sparaxis kuchokera ku mbewu
Kuphatikiza pa kukulitsa maluwa kuchokera ku mababu, pali njira yobzala mbewu. Kuti izi zitheke, kumapeto kwa chilimwe, mbewu za sparaxis zimabzalidwa m'mbale zofunikira, zomwe zimasiyidwa m'chipinda chozizira komanso chotsekedwa mpaka mbewu yoyamba itapangidwa. Mbewu zikangoyamba kumera, zimapakidwa kenako ndikuzibzala pabedi lamaluwa. Panthawi yolima mbewu, maluwa a mbewu zotere amapezeka patatha zaka zingapo.
Kukula sparaxis ndi mababu
Pofuna kutulutsa sparaxis m'nyengo yozizira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mababu ake, omwe amabzalidwa awiriawiri m'miphika yopanda kugwa. Dothi lodzala liyenera kuphatikiza peat ndi nthaka, komanso feteleza wama mineral, omwe amawonjezeredwa ndi 30 g pa ndowa imodzi ya gawo lapansi. Mizu yobzalidwa imakutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira kuti isayime padzikoli. Miphika imasiyidwa m'chipinda chozizirirapo, monga chapansi kapena chotsatsira khonde. Kuchepa ndi nkhungu kumatha kuwononga mababu, motero ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuthirira kwapafupipafupi, kupewa kuyanika kwa kumtunda kwa dothi m'miphika. Mbande zizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Zikafika mphukira zoyambirira, miphika imayikidwa pamalo otentha kuti dzuwa likule msanga. Kutentha kokwanira bwino kwa mbewu zazing'ono kuyenera kukhala kuyambira 15 mpaka 20 madigiri. Magawo ena angakhudze kukula ndi maluwa a sparaxis.
Zomera zomwe zili ndi malo ochepa, mwachitsanzo, kukula m'miphika, komanso pamaso pa dothi losauka, ndikofunikira kumadyetsa nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha izi, kamodzi pamwezi pang'ono feteleza wa mchere amawonjezeredwa kumadzi othirira. M'miyezi yotentha yotentha, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri, komanso zobiriwira za mbewuzo zimathiridwa madzi. Tubers obzalidwa m'nthaka nthawi yozizira safuna kuthirira pafupipafupi.
Masamba owuma, komanso maluwa owuma a sparaxis, amawachotsa kuti azioneka bwino pachomera chonsecho.
