Mlimi wa nkhuku ya genus kapena ornithogalum ndi wa banja la Asparagus. Oimira ambiri amtunduwu ndi obala osachedwa kumera kumadzulo kwa Asia ndi South Africa, ndipo mitundu yochepa ya mitunduyi imapezeka ku Europe ndi ku America.
Chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola, mbewuyi idatchedwa "nyenyezi ya bethlehem"ndi"nyenyezi yamkaka".
Wodzigulitsa nkhuku, kutengera mtundu wake, amatha kukhala otsika (mpaka 30 cm) ndi kutalika (pafupifupi 80 cm). Ichi ndi chomera chochulukirapo chokhala ndi malamba ataliatali, okhala ndi masamba okhala ndi lingwe loyera pakati. Maluwa amakhala oyera kapena achikasu, osanunkhiza, amatha kukhala ndi mzere wobiriwira pa perianth.
Mitundu ina imakhala ndi poizoni, pomwe ina, m'malo mwake, imakhala yodyedwa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Nkhuku arabian Dziko lakwawo la Mediterranean limakhala ndi masamba ofumbwa pafupi ndi muzu. Maluwa mapesi atali, maluwa oyera, okhala ndi inflorescence.
Wopanda amachokera ku Asia Minor ndi Greece. Anatchedwa botanist wotchuka. Imakula mpaka theka la mita, masamba ndi poyambira komanso chingwe chowala mkati. Maluwa ambiri amatengedwa mu maluwa a inflemose inflorescence.
Nkhuku zokayikira Kuchulukitsa kwamtunduwu kukufotokozedwa ndi South Africa. Mitundu ya mbewuyi imakhala ndi mitundu yowala, pafupi ndi lalanje kapena ofiira, maluwa amapanga inflorescence a mawonekedwe a piramidi. Masamba amatulutsa chikasu, pang'ono yokutidwa ndi fluff. Little wakula ku Europe.
Msodzi limakula m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia ndi Kazakhstan. Imakula pang'ono kupitirira theka la mita, chowombera cha maluwa sichakwera kwambiri, pamwamba chimatulutsa inflorescence yopangidwa ndi maluwa oyera okhala ndi mzere wobiriwira.
Mlimi wa nkhuku kuthengo zimamera makamaka ku Europe. Imafika pamtunda wa masentimita 55. Imakhala ndi masamba owonda pang'ono, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono imvi, mkati mwa pepalalo ndi mzere woyera. Mu drooping inflorescence pafupifupi maluwa 10 amapangidwa. Perianth imakongoletsedwa ndi mzere wobiriwira.
Nkhuku za ambulera mwina mitundu yotchuka kwambiri. Imakula mpaka masentimita 30, kukhala ndi masamba opyapyala komanso opindika. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono a utoto woyera amapanga maambulera inflorescence.
Woswetsa wamisala otchedwa anyezi waku India. Ngakhale dzina lodziwika bwino, malo akuluakulu olimapo nyama zamtchire ndi South Africa. Ichi ndi chomera chachitali chokhala ndi masamba aatali, ndikupanga maluwa ambiri omwe amalumikizidwa ku inflorescence-cysts.
Nkhuku za Fringed osati chomera lalitali kwambiri, lophimbidwa ndi fluff yaying'ono. Chozungulira ndi chofupikirapo kuposa tsinde; corymbose inflorescence wa mtundu woyera wokhala ndi mizere yobiriwira amawonekera pamenepo.
Mphaka wa Hhuku wa Husson Zofanana kwambiri ndi Umbrella, koma masamba ake ndi ocheperako, ndipo matendawa amawongoleredwa m'mwamba.
Kokani nkhuku ndi mtundu wamapiri, ndipo Caucasus ndi Crimea ndi malo awo achilengedwe. Mtunduwu umakula kuposa theka la mita, wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wobiriwira. Kukula kwa inflorescence ndi maluwa ambiri.
Kubzala kopanda mpweya komanso chisamaliro
Palibe zovuta kulima nkhuku panthaka ndikuyang'anira, ndipo mutha kuchita bwino ngakhale mutadziwa zokhazokha za ulimi. Popeza ichi ndi mbewu yachikale, ndipo kufalikira kwa mbewu kumapangitsa kuti idikire motalika, maluwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala.
Kuti mulime duwa, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino, koma mthunzi wocheperanso ndi woyenera. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, makamaka lamchenga.
Mukabzala mbeu pamalo, muyenera kuwona mtunda wa 20 cm pakati pa anthu. Mababu nawonso amaikidwa m'munsi mozama pafupifupi 10cm, kutengera kukula kwa babu.
Agave ndi woimira banja la asparagus, kukulitsa chomera ichi muyenera kudziwa mfundo zingapo zomwe zingapezeke pano.
Kuthirira nkhuku
Kusamalira mbewuyi, muyenera kumathirira madzi nthawi zonse. Ndizosatheka kuti dothi louma kwambiri, koma madzi osayenda nawonso amafa, chifukwa amayambitsa kuwonongeka ndi kufa kwa chitsamba.
Zomera za nkhuku
Ngati gawo lanu ndilabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti kudyetsa sikungakhale kofunikira, kapena ayi chaka chilichonse.
Koma ngati mukukayika, muyenera kupanga feteleza wachilengedwe pamalowo pakugwa kulikonse.
Kupatsira nkhuku
Kuchulukitsa nkhuku kumayamba kamodzi zaka 4 zilizonse, ngakhale kulima malo amodzi kumaloledwa mpaka zaka 6.
Kuchokera anyezi, amangopatula ana ndikubzala zinthu zonse m'malo osiyanasiyana. Yambani njirayi kumapeto kwa nyengo yachilimwe kapena pofika masika.
Kudulira nkhuku
Mitengo yazomera ikayamba kufa, imayenera kudulidwa. Udzu umapangidwanso pokhapokha utamwalira kale.
Kugwira nkhuku nthawi yozizira
Pokonzekera nyengo yozizira, amaika malowo m'deralo ndi mababu, koma ngati mukukula mtundu wopanda vuto ndi kuzizira, atero Chiarabu kapena Chikaikira, ndiye kuti muyenera kukumba mababu nthawi yachisanu.
Nthawi imeneyi, zimasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena kubzala m'miphika. Chapakatikati, zinthu zimabzalidwanso m'mundamo.
Kubala mbewu za nkhuku
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, njira yodziwitsira nkhuku imakhala yovuta kwambiri, kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zomwe zidalandilidwa mothandizidwa ndi zaka 4-5 zokha.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mukungofunika kufesa mbewu nthawi yozizira m'munda, kuti athe kuphatikizika, ndipo mu mphukira yamasika muwoneke.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mwambiri, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, izi sizibweretsa mavuto.
- Zimachitika masamba a nkhuku amasanduka chikaso, koma mmera udzafuna. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa chothirira kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zivunde. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuwononga mbewuzo, ndikuchiza malowa ndi fung fung.
- Kupanda maluwa ndimavuto osowa omwe amapezeka muzomera zokha zomwe zimachokera ku mbewu. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kumaonjezedwa ku gawo lapansi.
- Zimachitikanso kuti tchire ziwukiridwa akangaude ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Amalimbana ndi oyamba ndi ma acaricides, ndipo motsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ngati Actara.
