Mitundu 10 ya fern yokhala ndi mayina komanso kwawo kwa chomera

Ferns yapamwamba ndiwokongoletsa woyenera wamipinda ndi nyimbo zam'munda. Ndi mitundu yake yonse yosiyanasiyana, ma fern ambiri amawoneka ofanana kwambiri. Kapangidwe kamene zimayambira, kusinthika bwino kukhala masamba okongola bwino, kumawapangitsa kuti azindikirika mosavuta pakati pa mbewu zina, ngakhale kwa ine kunja kwawoko.

Maonekedwe ndi malo okukula

Kukula kwa ma fern kumasiyanasiyana mwachilengedwe kuchokera pa udzu wawung'ono kupita pamtengo wamtengo wamkulu, kutengera kuti ndi chosowa kapena chofala, ndipo ndi chake.

Zomwe zimadziwitsidwa pakufotokozerako zimadziwika ngati tsamba, kwenikweni, limatchedwa nthambi-nthambi, yomwe imakhala ndi nthambi zambiri zomwe zili mu ndege imodzi. Chifukwa chake dzinalo. Komanso, mbewuyo imakhala ndi tsamba, lomwe mawonekedwe ake samasiyana ndi tsamba lenileni.

Maonekedwe a masamba a fern

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu ndi mitundu yazinyama, kuthekera kuzolowera pafupifupi nyengo iliyonse kunachitika monga kufalikira kwafalikira.

• Mitundu yolimbana ndi kuthilira madzi imakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, pansi pa nyanja, m'malo onyowa.
• Wosazindikira chinyezi cha epiphytes mu mizere ya miyala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu.
• Osagwirizana ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira amasintha kukhala ku Siberia, maiko akumpoto ndipo amapezeka ngakhale ku Arctic.
• M'malo otentha, oyimira udzu afern ndiofala.

Kwa nthawi yayitali amakhulupirira kuti maluwa a fern Zimapatsa eni ake nzeru, mphamvu pa mizimu yoipa, imatsegulira njira ku chuma chosaneneka.

Koma mutha kupeza mipata yachilendo pokhapokha podula maluwa ndikuwasunga. Komabe, zenizeni, fern imaberekanso ndi spores, choncho ngakhale munthu woleza mtima kwambiri sangathe kudikira maluwa.

Fern amafalitsa kokha ndi spores

Kodi ma fern ndi chiyani - mayina ndi mitundu

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu, yomwe imakhala ndi mitundu yoposa 10 miliyoni pamndandandandawo, imasankha kugwiritsa ntchito kwina konse. Pali mitundu yomwe imasinthidwa kuti ikulidwe kunyumba komanso m'nyumba, pamphepete mwa nyumbayo kapena m'dziko.

Ferns wokonda madzi pterygoid ndi indian, azolla wokhala ndi ana ochepa ndipo ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyimbo za m'madzi.

Masamba okongoletsa chithokomirokukula kosangalatsa brackkufalitsa modabwitsa adiantum ndipo mitundu yambiri ya herbaceous izitha bwino kulowa m'minda yaminda yamuyaya.

Osalemekeza nephrolepisKukula mwachangu davalliazopatsa chidwi asplenium ndipo anthu ambiri ochokera kumadera amtchire ndi okhala munthaka angathandize kuti nyumba zizikhala zabwino.

Miphika yamaluwa pafupi ndi Berth wokhumudwa kwambiri. Usiku, mbewuyo imatenga mpweya wabwino, womwe ungayambitse kupweteka kwakanthawi kapena kwanthawi yayitali.

Kwawo ndi chiyambi cha mbewu

Mitundu yakunyumba nkhwawa zamvula ndi malo okhala. Pakusamalira maluwa, mbewu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyambira nyengo yotentha.

Zomwe zimapangitsiratu ferns zonse zimawoneka ngati mitengo, zimapambana pakuwonekera kwa pulaneti nthawi ya Mesozoic.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yobiriwira, kukongola komanso kusanja kwa masamba ake kunapangitsa kuti fern ikhale yofunika kwa olima.

Zizindikiro

Mphamvu zamatsenga za fern zimakopa ndi kusamala nthawi yomweyo. Pali zisonyezo zambiri zowonetsera zabwino za duwa pa munthu ndi zoyipa zake. Anthu ambiri amakayikira ngati ndizopindulitsa kapena zovulaza, zoyipa kapena zabwino, ndi komwe zingapangire fern.

1. Kubwera kwa fern, mikhalidwe yamakhalidwe monga kusakhazikika komanso kuchita ukali. Mkhalidwe wa anthu ndi mphamvu mnyumba ndizokhazikika.
2. Ubale pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe otsutsa amakhala osamala. Banja limakhala logwirizana.
3. Duwa lokhazikika limakopa mwayi mu bizinesi ndi thanzi labwino. Chimateteza eni ake ku zinthu zosavomerezeka.
4. Chomera chimateteza nyumbayo ndi okhalamo kwa mizimu yoipakutenga chidwi chonse.
5. Amakhulupirira kuti duwa ndi vampire yamphamvu yomwe imatenga mphamvu ya munthu.

Matenda akuthupi kuchokera kufupi ndi fern amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika mu spores zam'mimba, komanso kupweteka kwamutu kumatha kuchitika.

Kusamalira Maluwa

1. Ferns amakula bwino m'malo otetezeka pang'ono komanso wowala bwino.
2. Kutentha koyenera 15 mpaka 20 madigiri. Kutentha kotentha usiku sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 10 degrees. Kuchulukitsa tsiku ndi tsiku madigiri 20 kumawonekeranso kukhala kosasangalala ndi mbewuyo.
3. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti azilola kuyanika ndikuphika kwamadzi pansi.
4. Iyenera kuthandizidwa chinyezi chachikulu kudzera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
5. Zomera zazing'ono zimafunikira kufalikira kwachaka, komwe kumachitika mchaka. Zomera zazikulu zibzalidwe mchidebe chatsopano mizu ikadzaza mumphika.
6. Nthawi yakula, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za kuvala kwapamwamba kawirikawiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono.

Kukula fern sikuyenera kubweretsa vuto la obereketsa, koma kumbuyo kwake chisamaliro chofunikira chofunikirazomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Ndi kusamalidwa kwakanthawi kwa malamulo omwe alembedwa, duwa limakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo ndi udzu wobiriwira ndipo limakhala chokongoletsera chosafunikira mkati, chomwe chingayime chowala komanso chobiriwira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Maonekedwe a madontho a bulauni omwe amawoneka paz masamba kuchokera pansi sayenera kuvutitsa okonda mbewu zamkati, ikuwonetsa njira yachilengedwe yotalikirana.

Komabe, pali zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kulabadira:

• zipolopolo zofiirira zomwe zimabalalika masamba nthawi zambiri zimatuluka kuchuluka kwa matenda;
• mpweya wowuma wamkati umatsogolera masamba achikasuMalangizo ake amakhala odera;
• Chifukwa chotentha kwambiri, masamba amasungunuka ndi mawanga bulauni;
• kuchokera pakuwala kowala, masamba masamba amatembenuka, masamba owotcha awonekera;
• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kumakhudza kukula kwa maselidwe a masamba.

Masamba amatha kuuma chifukwa chosakwanira chinyezi

Kulima dimba

Ferns imatha kukhala chokongoletsera choyambirira cha dimba kapena kanyumba kanyengo kachilimwe. Mukamasankha malo obzala mbewu ayenera kutsatira zinthu zachilengedwe kukula kwawo. Dera lokhazikika komanso lonyowa, nthaka yam michere imapanga malo abwino kwambiri amitundu yonse ya fern.

Ndikoyenera kutsimikizira kukongola kowoneka bwino kwa ferns posankha masamba okongoletsera kapena maluwa akutali ndi masamba akuluakulu.

Mtunda pakati pa mbewu watsimikiza kutengera kukula kwa fern ndi zikhalidwe zapafupi. Mukabzala, mizu imafalikira pang'ono, ndikusunga dothi lokwanira momwe angathere, ndikuyika dzenje lomwe linakhetsedwa ndi madzi ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi.

Feteleza wa Fern sakusowa kwenikweni, koma kuphatikiza mchere kumathandizira kukula.

Mukasinthanitsa fern, muyenera kuyesetsa kuti isunge dothi

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma kapena achikasu amatha kuwonetsa kusowa kwa michere. Feteleza wachilengedwe amathandiza kukonza zinthu.

Zomera amakonda kuthirira kwambiri ndikumakankhira dothi masamba kapena masamba a utuchi, makamaka nthawi yozizira kuti ateteze ku chisanu. Mitundu yokonda kutentha imaphimbanso ndi nthambi za spruce. Kudula masamba nthawi yachisanu sikuchitika. Nthawi yakula, mapepala owonongeka amachotsedwa kuti apewe matenda.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosangalatsa ya ma ferns imapangitsa kuti aliyense athe kusankha mtundu wazomera zomwe amakonda ndi kukongoletsa nyumba yawo kapena dimba nawo.