Gladiolus ndi duwa la chilimwe la banja lodziwika bwino, lomwe limasangalatsa anthu okhala chilimwe mwachangu ndi maluwa ndi mtundu wake wowala. Imayamba kuphuka kuyambira pakati pa Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Zitatha izi, ngati kuli kofunika kusunga mababuwo, amawakumba pansi ndikuwasungira m'malo ozizira, nthawi zambiri m'malo obisalamo kapena firiji. Chapakatikati adakhazikitsanso kanyumba kachilimwe.
Koma izi zimadzutsa funso: ndizofunikira liti kuchokera ku gladioli kuchokera mufiriji kuti kumere? Mfundoyi ikufunika kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane.
Momwe mungasungire mababu?
Kuti gladioli akwere chaka chamawa, ayenera kutero sonkhanani bwino ndi kusunga.
Chifukwa chake, pakati pa Seputembala, mbewuyi imazirala ndikuthothira mtundu wake. Nthawi imeneyi, amayamba kusonkhanitsa mababu. Kuti muchite izi, dulani bwino duwa m'nthaka, kenako malimidwewo ataphwa firiji kwa mwezi umodzi.
Pakusungidwa kwa gladioli pofuna kuteteza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisanalowe, mababu otengedwa ayenera kukhazikika. Pazifukwa izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatirazi zotentha:
- ofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate;
- phytosporin;
- chlorophos.
Komanso gwiritsani ntchito madzi otentha. Kubzala zinthu kumatsitsidwa mu njira zonsezi kwa mphindi 20. Kenako, kuchokera ku tsinde lotsalira la gladiolus, chogwirizira chimadulidwa, chouma mosamala ndikusungidwa. Ngati firiji imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi, ndiye kuti anyezi amayikidwa mu thumba lomwe lili ndi mabowo ndikuyika gawo la masamba. Ayenera kufufuzidwa kawiri pamwezi.
Mukuyenera kubzala zinthu kuchokera mufiriji?
Kusunga mababu pamalo otentha kumawonedwa kuti ndikodalirika, kukulolani kuti muwongolere mtundu wawo nthawi yonseyi. Ndikofunika kuti muwachotse mu firijiyo mu kasupe pamwezi kapena theka musanadzalemo gladioli poyera. Nthawi zambiri masiku 30 - 40 ndi okwanira kuti mababu amere ndikupanga matumphu amphamvu ndi chakudya chochuluka.
Momwe mungakonzekere gladioli kuti imere?
Kuti muwone kuti kumera kwa mababu ndikuyenda bwino komanso kopanda mavuto, muyenera kutsatira Kutsatira ukadaulo wa njirayi.
Kuyendera kowoneka
Mukawunika, kubzala zinthu zowonongeka nthawi yosungirako, komanso zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zowola ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zimakanidwa.
Kusunga Mababu
Pambuyo pa izi, gladiolus imatsukidwa ndi miyeso yophimba. Izi zimachitika kuti zisasokoneze mphukira kuti izimere. Kuphatikiza apo, zowola, komanso malo owawa, zimawonekera nthawi yomweyo pazinthu zodetsedwa. Mababu awa ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati pali malo ochepa a matenda a Fusarium, gladioli yotere ikhoza kuyesedwa kubzala, koma chifukwa ichi ayenera kuthandizidwa. Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, chotsani maderawo mosamala kuti mukhale ndi minofu yathanzi. Magawo owazidwa ndi makala opera, amatha kuyambitsa, kapena opaka ndi wobiriwira. Akawuma, matendawa sangathe kufalikira.
Pickling
Musanabzale, mababu amathandizidwa mu njira yothetsera bowa kapena tizilombo, izi ndizowona makamaka ngati maluwa chaka chatha anali odwala kwambiri kapena anakhudzidwa ndi kupindika. Mutha kugwira zodyera zoyeretsedwa kwa ola limodzi mu yankho la zokonzekera monga:
- Fundozol;
- Maxim
Kumera kwa gladioli musanabzike
Pambuyo pamanyumba onsewa, zimangokhala kumera mababu musanawabzalire panthaka. Izi sizofunikira, koma chifukwa cha izi, maluwa ayenera kutulutsa mamawa.
Kodi kumera gladioli? Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi izi kuyambira kapena pakati pa Epulo. Mababu a peeled ndi odulidwa amayikidwa pansi ndikuzungunuka mozungulira mu bokosi limodzi ndikuyika malo owuma ndi otentha ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Izi zimalola kubzala zinthu kuti zimere mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu. Anabzala anyezi obzala sayenera kubzala pasanafike pa Meyi 15, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mbewu zikule mwachangu ndi kuphuka kwambiri.
Tikufika
Mukabzala gladioli ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro oyenera.
Chiwembu chomwe amalima chikuyenera kukhala chowala komanso chowala, ndipo dothi liyenera kukhala lochenga lozala ndi humus.
Gladiolus osavomerezeka kuti ibzalidwe malo omwewo kwa zaka zingapo motsatizana, popeza patapita nthawi pathogenic microflora amayamba kudziunjikira m'nthaka, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa matenda mu mbewu;
Kwambiri Zoyipa kubzala maluwa pafupi ndi mbewu zamundamonga:
- radish;
- kabichi;
- nsapato;
- mpiru;
- tsamba la mpiru.
Kubzala mozama zimatengera kukula kwa mababu, komanso mtundu wa dothi: ngati dothi ndi lopepuka, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuwazika mozama, ndikuyang'ana mainchesi anayi, ndi dothi lolemera, kubzala kumachitika ndikuzama pang'ono.
Zinthu zodzala ziyenera kubzalidwa pamtunda wa 15 cm kuchokera pa mzake, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mizere uzikhala 25 cm.
Chitsime chimathiriridwa madzi kale komanso kutsanulira wosanjikiza ndimchenga kapena mitsinje. Atatsitsa duwa pachenje, limakonkhedwa pamwamba ndi mchenga wina, pambuyo pake wokutidwa ndi dothi. M'masabata 2 - 3 zitachitika izi, mphukira amayenera kuyembekezera.
Maluwa atangofika kutalika masentimita 5, mbewuzo zimaphatikizidwa ndi chosanjikiza cha humus. Izi zimateteza maluwa ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo timathandizanso kusunga chinyezi, chofunikira kwambiri nyengo yotentha.
Zomera zimathiridwa m'mawa ndi madzulo, ndipo madzi amayenera kuthiridwa kuti asagwere pansi pa zimayambira ndi muzu. Minyewa ikangopuka pang'ono, ndikofunikira kumasula nthaka mozungulira duwa.
Chifukwa chake, ma bulb a gladioli amatha kusungidwa mufiriji kuti athe kubzalanso chaka chamawa. Koma izi ziyenera kuchitika molondola kuti zinthu zobzala zisawola kapena kuti zisadwale. M'pofunikanso kupeza gladiolus kuchokera mufiriji kuti imere panthawi yake, chifukwa chake chomera chimamasuka kwambiri komanso mochuluka.
