Snapdragon, kapena Antirrinum yayikulu

Diso lokongola, ma inflorescence omwe amapemphedwa kuti azisilira maluwa amodzi payokha ndikuyang'ana mayanjano okongola ndi mawonekedwe awo, ndi ena mwamakonda kwambiri azithunzi. Ngakhale kuti antirrinum m'chilengedwe ali ndi mitundu yambiri yosatha, ma snapdragons apachaka osayerekezeka okha ndi omwe amatchuka ngati chomera chokongoletsera. Phale lautoto wolemera komanso mitundu yambiri yazosiyanasiyana zamitundu yonse ndi mawonekedwe ake imalola aliyense kupeza nyenyezi m'munda mwawo. Ndipo ngakhale kukopeka kwina kwa buku la chaka chino sikuchepetsa kutchuka kwake.

Snapdragon, Antirrinum lalikulu "ozizira Rose" (Antirrhinum majus). © Adam Fagen

Antirrinum - munda wabwino kwambiri chilimwe wokhala ndi maluwa osawoneka bwino

Snapdragons - zokongoletsa zam'munda zomwe zimatha kudzitamandira pazambiri zokongola ndi mitundu yambiri. Monga mbewu zokongoletsera, antirrinums adakulidwa kwa zaka zoposa mazana asanu, ndipo kutchuka kwake sikuli konse kotsika kuposa ulemu wake wakale. Kuphatikiza apo, chaka chilichonse, obereketsa mosatopa amatulutsa mitundu yatsopano yosinthidwa, kutulutsa kwake komwe kumakula modabwitsa.

Ma Antirrinums, kapena snapdragons (Antirrhinum) Kutalika kumafikira 15cm mpaka 1m. Amatha kukhala akulu ngati a pachaka kapena a biennials. Mawonekedwe owongoka, nthambi zopangika zimapangidwa tchire lofanana ndi ma cones kapena piramidi, loyera, lozama komanso lokongola. Mfuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala zobiriwira, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi zokutira kofiirira. Masamba oyang'ana kumbuyo amasinthidwa ndi ena kumtunda omwe amawasanjikiza, mawonekedwewo amawoneka ngati owongoka mpaka lanceolate, koma ambiri masamba ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko kuposa chokongoletsera chowoneka. Kunyada kwakukulu kwa snapdragons ndi maluwa achilendo. Fomu yawo yoyambirira, yomwe idapatsa mbewu ija dzina ladziko, imakopa ngakhale akatswiri alimi. Chifukwa cha maluwa osazolowereka, okumbukira za kupukutira ndi zowoneka bwino ndi tchire, ndizosatheka kuyang'ana kutali ndi antirrinum. Maluwe otumphukira amawoneka opusa komanso okongola, azikondwerero. Maluwa okhala ndi milomo iwiri, nthawi zina imakhala iwiri. Wophatikizidwa mwachilungamo wandiweyani burashi inflorescence. Fomu, yomwe, mukadula maluwa kuchokera kumbali, "imatseguka" ngati kamwa, imawonekera kwambiri pamitundu ikuluikulu komanso mitundu ndipo imatchulidwa pang'ono muzithunzi zazing'ono.

Utoto wamtundu wa snapdragons umaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mithunzi yoyera, lalanje, chikasu, rasipiberi, ofiira. Kuphatikiza apo, mitunduyi imakhala yosiyanasiyana komanso yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zina yowala komanso yopatsa chidwi, nthawi zina yowoneka bwino, kenako yokhala ndi madzi, kenako yopanda kapena motley ... Duwa lililonse limamasula kwa masiku 12, ndipo chomera chonse chimamasula osachepera miyezi itatu. Nthawi yamaluwa yophukira imaphimba chilimwe chonse ndipo imakhala mpaka chisanu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, Snapdragon, ndichomera chonunkhira kwambiri chomwe chimakhala ndi fungo labwino la uchi.

Snapdragon, Antirrinum. © osawadziwa

Mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya snapdragon

Mu genir antirrinum - mitundu yoposa makumi asanu yosiyanasiyana. Koma pakukongoletsa kanyumba imodzi imodzi yokha ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito - - chithunzithunzi, kapena antirrinum wamkulu (antirrhinum majus) Azarina (Asarina), yomwe kale imadziwika kuti ndi antirrinum, lero imasankhidwa ngati mtundu wodziyimira wazomera zamamadzi.

Ngakhale kuti snapdragon ndi mtundu wosiyana wa antirrinum, imagawidwa m'magulu angapo, kapena mitundu mukukula. Inde, komanso kuchuluka kwake, kuchuluka kwa mitundu kumakupatsani mwayi wosankha mtundu uliwonse malinga ndi kukoma kwanu. Pali snapdragon wangwiro kwa ensemble iliyonse, ngakhale ndi malingaliro osazolowereka komanso mawonekedwe.

Mwa zina mwa zida zotchedwa snapdragons ndizodziwika bwino:

Wamtali Antirrinums - chowoneka modabwitsa komanso chachikulu, chaudzu pachaka komanso chotalika 65 mpaka 110. Nthambi zawo zamatchi zofooka, zopangika komanso zokuta, mphukira zimakhala ngati zakonzedwa muudindo. Ma antirrinums amadziwika ndi ma inflorescence akuluakulu komanso owala kwambiri, omwe ali oyenera kwambiri kudula. Mitundu yabwino imaphatikizapo:

kachikachiyama "Roketi"wokhala ndi maluwa ngati duod;
kalasi "Rocket ndimu", ndi wobiriwira wopepuka, mtundu wowoneka bwino wa inflorescence, wopatsa inflorescence chidwi chodabwitsa m'misika;
gawo lamamita "Rocket orchid"wokhala ndi mtundu wa maluwa wamba wa lavenda, womwe umasiyanitsa tchire wamba komanso ukukweza mawonekedwe a inflorescence kukhala gawo latsopano;
kalasi "Rocket golide"yokhala ndi mitengo yobiriwira yobiriwira pamiyendo yoyambira mpaka 1 m;
kalasi "Rocket mkuwa"ndi mtundu wa pinki-salimoni, womwe umapatsa lalanje ndi chikasu kusefukira kwapadera;
kachikachiyama "Gulugufe wamadam"wokhala ndi mitengo yokongola ndi phale lokongola;
mitundu iwiri yachilendo yopanda malire yokhala ndi malire achikasu pamiyala yapinki "Tip top irma";
mitundu yambiri "Tip nsonga"wokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyananso, malire okongoletsa pamaluwa ndi kutalika kwake pafupifupi 80 masentimita (abwino kupangira zokongoletsera ndi zodula);
kalasi yolimbana nayo "Alaska"wokhala ndi nthambi yofowoka kwambiri, chitsamba chowumbika pang'ono, koma inflorescence yapamwamba mpaka 25cm komanso kutalika koyera ngati chipale;
"Vulcan" yopapatiza imapanga tchire yopapatiza pafupifupi masentimita 70 ndi masamba owala ndi kamvekedwe ka chikasu cha inflorescence, onunkhira kwambiri, koma osati wandiweyani;
yopapatiza piramidi, mitundu yoyambirira "Brilliantrosa"mpaka 80 cm wamtali ndi theka la mainchesi, masamba akulu kwambiri ndikuwoneka bwino ndi pinki yowala, maluwa onunkhira bwino, akutulutsa bwino tchire;
komanso yopapatiza, yokongola mitundu "Velvet chimphona"wokhala ndi masamba ofiira, ofiira akuda, oponyera maluwa ofiira akuda, koma owoneka modabwitsa;
kalasi "Cherry anasintha"wokhala ndi mtundu wolemera, wa pinki wa inflorescence wokongola;
kalasi "Duwa"ndi maluwa a silika, a pinki amtundu wakale omwe amapumira zachikondi ndi kukongola kwapamwamba.

Zithunzithunzi zazitali. © ZOPEREKA Algemesi

Yapakatikati, kapena semi-mkulu antirrinums - yaying'ono, yowoneka bwino komanso yokhwima mitundu yayitali masentimita 20 mpaka 60. Mabasi ang'onoang'ono antirrinums nthambi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa mitundu yapamwamba, yotsika kwambiri. Koma ali ndi inflorescence yocheperako, yomwe imakwanira kuti tisankhe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa - kuyambira koyambirira kwambiri. Mitundu yabwino imaphatikizapo:

nthano zosiyanasiyana "Kalonga wakuda", yokhala ndi zobiriwira zakuda komanso mphukira zowoneka ngati zakuda, mtundu wamtambo wakuda wamaluwa okongola; theka la mita, yabwino komanso yopatsa chidwi;
maluwa oyamba "Coronette", yabwino kwambiri pazikhalidwe zothandizirana; ma antirrinum onse amatsatanetsatane sagwirizana ndi dzimbiri ndi matenda, pali mitundu yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera, yachikaso, yamkuwa ndi yapinki mpaka ya lilac (mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakanikirana"Kuphatikizika kwamawonekedwe a Coronette");
"Khirabu"- mtundu wokongola wokhala ndi tchire 40 masentimita amtali ndi inflorescence mpaka 20 cm wokhala ndi mawonekedwe otayirira omwe amapereka maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera apakatikati apinki;
kalasi "Wamfumu wagolide", kumera mosazolowereka, theka la mita, mulifupi, masamba akuluakulu komanso osakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu ochepa amtundu wa mandimu, amodzi mwabwino kwambiri mitundu;
compact half mita oyambirira grade "Chinyengo"wokhala ndi tchire lofinya, lonse, masamba apinki komanso yopapatiza, inflorescence yachilendo mosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana achikaso, malalanje ndi ofiirira;
kalasi yoyamba "Libesglut"yokhala ndi wandiweyani, koma wopapatiza komanso wamtambo wamdima wakuda, kutsindika bwino kukongola kwamaluwa akuluakulu a zipatso;
gawo lapakatikati "Red chif"wokhala ndi msipu waukulu, wobiriwira, wowoneka ngati wamtunda komanso wandiweyani, koma wokhala ndi mauni apakatikati, amakhala ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri a maluwa akuda, akulu.

Kutalika kwapakatikati, kapena theka-antirrinums. © Amalume ake a Nemo

Zosasunthika pansi - antirrinums okhala ndi kutalika kosaposa 30 mpaka 40. Mabasi amakhala ndi mphukira yambiri, razlogi, semicircular. Ma inflorescence amitundu ang'ono ndi ang'ono komanso omasuka kuposa apakati komanso akulu, ndipo pakati pa antirrinums ochepa mitundu omwe ali ndi maluwa apakatikati komanso oyambirira amapezeka. Mitundu yabwino imaphatikizapo:

"Crimson Velvet"kutalika pafupifupi 30 cm wokhala ndi masamba akulu owundana komanso inflorescence yayikulu yakuda;
kalasi "Schneeflocke"kutalika pafupifupi 25 cm, wodziwika ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, masamba ataliatali ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera pazotsegula inflorescence;
khalidi "Korona"wokhala ndi kutalika kwapakati pa zitsamba 30-30 cm, woyenera kutsogoloku kwa mabedi amaluwa ndi muli, wokhala ndi nyengo yofupikitsika;

Zosasunthika pansi. © ZOPEREKA Algemesi

Zovala zotsekemera okha kutalika kwa 15-20 cm. Nthambi za tchire mwamphamvu, ngati kuti zikumera. Ma inflorescence ndi oyenda pang'ono komanso afupikitsa, mpaka 10c kutalika. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ma antirrinums ang'onoang'ono ndi:

mitundu yanthano yotalika pafupifupi 20 cm yokhala ngati kuthengo "Tom-tumb"wokhala ndi mphukira zoonda kwambiri, masamba akulu ndi afupikitsa, koma modabwitsa inflorescence a utoto wowala wa mandimu wokhala ndi malo amdima pamilomo ya maluwa onse;
kachikachiyama "Zamaluwa"wokhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka bwino, tchire lowuda ndi phale lalikulu loyera ndi mitundu yopindika, yoyesedwa mwachikhalidwe chadothi;
kachikachiyama "Hobbit", pomwe maluwa amatseguka kwambiri, tchire limawoneka lofooka komanso lopatsa chidwi, ndipo mitunduyi imayambira yoyera ndi yachikaso mpaka ya lalanje, yapinki komanso yofiyira.

Masiku ano, mitundu ya ampel imatengedwa ngati mitundu yatsopano ya snapdragon. Amakhala ndi timitengo tating'ono totalika mita, timene timawoneka bwino m'mabasiketi opachikika ndi zojambula zokhala khonde. Pogulitsa mutha kupeza mitundu yonse "Lampion" ndi mitundu yake yomwe yapangidwe bwino kapena mitundu yatsopano.

Snapdragon © Paul Sullivan

Snapdragon pakupanga kwamundawo:

yamabedi amaluwa ndi masamba achilimwe;
mu kapangidwe ka ensembles zobiriwira;
chokongoletsera rabatok, mabedi amaluwa ndi magulu azomera zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zazitali;
ngati m'mphepete mwa tchire;
mu kaphatikizidwe kosakanikirana;
monga chotengera ndi chomera cha mphika chokongoletsera bwalo, malo opumira, makonde;
muzovala zamaluwa pamasiketi ndi asungwana amaluwa amiyala;
ngati mbewu yodula (kuphatikiza ndi kutulutsa masamba).

Ma inflorescence a snapdragon amakhala ndi mwayi wapadera kuti musataye kutsitsimuka kwa masabata awiri mu mipikisano, pomwe masamba onse a antirrinum amatseguka pang'onopang'ono ndipo palibe amene amazimitsa. Koma ndikwabwino kusankha ma inflorescence okha odula, omwe maluwa oyamba adaphuka, ndipo ambiri amakhala otsekeka masamba.

Mabwenzi abwino kwambiri a antirrium: marine lobularia, cosmea, sage, timbewu

Snapdragon, antirrinum wamkulu (Antirrhinum majus). © ZOPEREKA Algemesi

Zofunikira za Snapdragon

Chifukwa cha kupindika kwake komanso kuthekera kokula bwino mmikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, snapdragon ndiyoyenera kuphatikizidwa m'magulu otuluka bwino kwambiri. Mwamuna wokongola uyu sakonda zokongoletsa, osalolera kumphepo zamphepo. Koma mukamamupatsa malo abwino, otentha, otetezedwa, ndiye kuti snapdragon ingasangalatse onse padzuwa komanso pamtunda. Sangathe kuyimirira mthunzi wolimba, koma mthunzi uliwonse ungafanane ndi malo otseguka. Ngati mukubzala mbewu zodulira, ndibwino kuti muzitenga malo oyambira dzuwa.

Kutsika pansi ndi khadi ina ya lipenga ya snapdragons. Sangokonda kuthirira kwamadzi, kumangokhala, komwe kumapha mbewu. Ndipo azitha kukhazikika panthaka iliyonse yonyowa kapena youma. Imafika pakukongoletsa kwapadera pa loam ndi sandstone. Mukakhala ndi michere m'nthaka, ndibwino. Ngati nthaka yachepa komanso yabwinobwino, ndibwino kuwonjezera feteleza panthaka musanabzalidwe. Ma Antirrinums pazopindika, zopatsa thanzi, zopyapyala komanso zapamwamba, zotulutsa bwino kwambiri.

Kubzala mbande panthaka

Musanadzalemo ma snapdragons pansi, amafunika kukonza. Mtengowo umagwirizana bwino kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya feteleza wazakudya zomanga ndi michere - kompositi, humus, phulusa. Feteleza zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mulingo wa 3-4 makilogalamu pa masikweya mita, zosakanikirana zamchere - mu Mlingo wokhazikitsidwa ndi wopanga. Kukumba dothi kumaphatikizaponso kugwira ntchito mpaka pakuya masentimita 40.

Zithunzizi zimabzalidwa kosatha m'mundamo kapena m'miphika ndi m'minda ndi m'makhonde pokhapokha dothi litatha komanso kutentha kwa chisanu usiku. Tsiku lokweza mwamwambo ndi theka lachiwiri la Meyi. Ngati kutsina sikunachitike isanachitike, ndiye kuti kunyamula ndibwino kutsina pamwamba.

Mtunda woyenera wa snapdragon kuchokera pa 15 cm mpaka theka la mita, chifukwa mitundu yaying'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu, chifukwa mitundu yayikulu imasiya malo ambiri.

Mbande za snapdragons. © Gardenseedsmarket

Kusamalira snapdragons

Kutsirira snapdragon ndikofunikira. Buku la chaka chino siliwopa zamvula zazifupi zokha. Snapdragon imamizidwa ngati dothi likumauma, nyengo ikayamba kuchepa. Koma nthawi yothirira ndikofunika kwambiri kuti madzi asadontheke m'nthaka. Kwa snapdragons, ndikwabwino kupatsa mapapo angapo kuposa kuthirira kamodzi. Chinthu chinanso chomera ndichakukonda kuthirira kwa m'mawa. Ndikwabwino kusathirira snapdragon usiku, chifukwa kuphatikiza kutentha kochepa komanso chinyezi chambiri kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa maziko a mphukira. Thirirani mbewu m'mawa, matenthedwe akayamba kukwera.

Kulima ndi kudulira ndikofunikira kuti chomera chikangobwera mvula yambiri, kuthirira komanso kuyambira paubwana. Mwambiri, chisamaliro cha antirrinum ndizofala kwambiri pamtunduwu.

Kuthira feteleza wa antirrinum kumachitika pokhapokha maluwa, koma ndibwino ngati feteleza amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale 2, koma katatu nthawi imodzi. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wathunthu: kotero tchire silingokhala maluwa okongola, komanso opaka, owoneka bwino, amadyera sadzavutika.

Snapdragon ndiwokongola, pokhapokha akapatsidwa thandizo pochotsa maluwa. Zomera zokha sizimaponyera pamiyala youma, ndipo sizingochepetsa kuchuluka kwa maluwa, zimawononga kukongoletsa kwa inflorescence, komanso zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kufalikira kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Ndikwabwino kuyembekezera kuti maluwa awume kwathunthu, koma kuwachotsa iwo atangoyamba kutulutsa.

Kusungidwa kwa maluwa okongola nyengo yachisanu

Kupitilira pachimake pa snapdragons sikuti kuponyera kapena kuweruza kuti aphedwe ndi kubwera kwa chisanu. Mukugwa, kusanayambike kutentha koyipa, zimatha kusamutsidwa kumiphika, kuyesa kuchepetsa kuvulaza ndi mizu ndikumasulira muzipinda zogona. Pali snapdragon adzakhalabe wokongola kwa nthawi yayitali ndikukondweretsani ndi maluwa ake.

Dothi lotseguka, ndi ma antirrinum okha omwe amakula madera omwe nyengo yabwino ndi yozizira (mbewu zolimba zimatha kupirira chisanu mpaka -5)

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zovuta za snapdragon amadziwika kuti amatengeka kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Ngakhale atakhala m'malo abwino atha kudzetsa mavuto mosayembekezeka. Ana agalu agulugufe, agulugufe, mphutsi zakumaso ndi mwendo wakuda, pafupifupi matenda onse achule a zokongoletsera kuyambira mochedwa mpaka dzimbiri, ndiye kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha antirrinum. Ndikosatheka kuthana ndi mavuto, ndibwino kuwononga mbewu nthawi yomweyo. Koma pofuna kuthana ndi mavuto ndikosavuta: kubzala mosazungulira, chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso dothi labwino lomwe sililola kuti chinyezi chisunthe, zitsimikizirani kupambana.

Njira zofalitsira za snapdragons

Kukula snapdragons kuchokera ku mbewu

Kubzala mwachindunji panthaka yachisanu m'nyengo yachisanu kumapangitsa kuti tchire likutulutsa kokha mu Ogasiti, chifukwa cha snapdragon, njira yokomera ndiyofunika.

Kubzala kwa snapdragons kumachitika koyambirira, khumi zoyambirira za March.Kubzala snapdragons ndibwino muzopeza zazikulu kapena m'mabokosi, osaya, munthaka yama michere. Kumera kumatheka pang'onopang'ono pansi pagalasi komanso popanda iyo, koma mbewu zomwe zimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi zimamera mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, mbande zimawonekera patatha masiku 10. Zomera zazing'ono zimamera kwa masabata awiri, kenako zimasambira m'magulu osiyana. Pakadumphira madzi, ndibwino kusathirira sabata, ndikuchepetsa kupopera. Amakula mbande za snapdragon pansi pa nyengo, ndikukhomerera pamwamba kuti pakwezedwe komanso kuthirira pang'ono. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa pakatha sabata pambuyo pa kuyenda pansi komanso masiku 10 pambuyo pa woyamba, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokwanira wama mineral. Mbewu zisanatengedwe kumunda, mbande ziyenera kukhazikika kwa sabata limodzi. Antirrinum yabzalidwa m'nthaka kale kuposa zaka khumi zapitazi za Meyi.

Kudzikolotsa njere kumafunika kukhala tcheru. Mbewu sizipsa nthawi imodzi: monga maluwa akutulutsa maluwa, kusintha kumayamba kumera m'mabokosi apansi ambewu, kenako funde limadutsa inflorescence. Pamwamba pa inflorescence, ndizovuta kutola mbewu zapamwamba, kotero mutha kuzitaya pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu zokha kuchokera kumagawo awiri apansi a mbewu. Zopereka ziyenera kuchitika mosamala, nthawi yomweyo chikatha mabokosi, kuti musataye mbewu zazing'ono zofunika. Pambuyo podzilemba nokha, mbewu za snapdragon zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka 3-4.

Kudula

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, mbewu zimafuna kutetezedwa kwa tchire kwa nyengo yozizira, ndipo mbadwo watsopano wa snapdragons ukufalikira patapita nthawi pang'ono. Zidula mizu mosavuta, mu mchenga kapena madzi. Kudula kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yomwe mungakonde pofalitsa ma terry antirrinums, ndipo ngakhale si mitundu yonse.