Dziko la ferns ndilokulira modabwitsa, ndipo mitundu yambiri imalimidwa bwino monga mbewu zamkati. Mwa zina zolimba kwambiri komanso zoyamikirira ndi nephrolepis, chisamaliro ndikukula kwa nyumba yomwe ngakhale katswiri wazomera wamaluwa amatha kugula.
Mitundu ya nephrolepsis, yomwe imagwirizanitsa pafupifupi mitundu 40 yodziyimira payokha, imaphatikizapo zonse ferns lapansi ndi epiphytes enieni. Zambiri mwa mbewuzi zimachokera kumadera otentha komanso otentha kumadzulo kwa kum'mawa. Kupanga zomwe duwa ili mu nyumba, ndikofunikira kuganizira zomwe amakonda ndi zizolowezi zake.
Kuyatsa kwa nephrolepis
A Fern ndi anthu okhala m'nkhalangoyi, omwe amawateteza ku dzuwa lotentha. Mukamasamalira nephrolepis kunyumba, mbewu zomwe zimatetezedwa ku dzuwa mwachindunji zimasankhidwira mbewuyo, mwachitsanzo, pazenera lakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. M'nyengo yotentha, duwa silimva kusangalatsa ngakhale mbali yakumpoto. M'nyengo yozizira yokha, mbewuyo ingafune kuwala pang'ono.
Koma kumbali yakumwera, kuyatsa kwa nephrolepis sikuyenera. Kuchulukitsa kwake kumayambitsa chikasu ndi kuyanika masamba, fern imawoneka yoponderezedwa, vayi yomwe ilipo imachedwetsa kukula, ndipo kawirikawiri sipangachitike atsopano.
Ngati palibenso china pawindo lakumwera, ndibwino kuti mubweretse mphikawo ndi nephrolepis mkatimo kapena kuyika chophimba pakati pa fern ndi galasi.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi cha nephrolepis
Nephrolepis salekerera mpweya wouma komanso nthawi yayitali yozizira pa kutentha pansi pa +12 ° C. Zomera zambiri zokhala munkhalango zokhala chinyezi komanso malo otentha sizimatha kukhala zopindulitsa katatu mu nyumba yazipinda. Komabe, mtundu wamitundu iyi ndi wowuma kwambiri. Ngati mwanyinyalala pakakhala chinyezi, kutentha kwa nephrolepis kungakhale + 16-25 ° C. M'malo otentha, mmera umawoneka wokhumudwa, koma umakhala ndi moyo ngati ungakonze kupopera kapena kuthilira korona.
M'nyengo yozizira, ntchito ya kukula ikachepa, kutentha kumatsitsidwa ndipo poto uyenera kuchotsedwa kuti usalere kuyendera ma radiator ndi zina magetsi. Mdani wamkulu wa fern ndi kusodza. Kusamalira nephrolepis sichinali pachabe, osayika chomera pansi pa transom kapena pakhomo la khonde.
Monga chilimwe, nthawi yozizira, malo osambirira okhala ndi madzi ofewa amakonzedwa mosiyanasiyana ndi ma fern. "Madzi asanachitike" dothi limakutidwa ndi filimu kapena zinthu zina.
Kuthirira Nephrolepis
Mukakulitsa nephrolepis kunyumba, kusamalira maluwa sikungatheke popanda kuthirira bwino. Kumbali ina, fern ndi mbewu yomwe imafuna chinyezi chanthawi zonse. Koma kumbali inayo, chinyezi chowonjezera ndi njira yotsimikizika pakukula kwa zowola, kufalikira kwa tizirombo, kutayika kwa zokongoletsa ndi kufa kwa mbewu.
Mizu yamitundu yambiri yamtunduwu simalowa pansi m'nthaka, koma nthawi yomweyo amapanga mtanda wokutira pansi panthaka. Pofuna kupatula kuyanika kunja komwe ndi kowopsa pachikhalidwe ndikuletsa nthaka acidization kuti isasunthike, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira kwa nephrolepis. Kulowetsa nthaka ndi dothi louma kapena dongo laling'ono kumakuthandizani kuti musunge madzi m'nthaka. Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wanyumba kumathandizira polimbana ndi kuyanika kwa dothi ndi duwa lonse.
Mukamasamalira nephrolepis, ngakhale kuthilira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, muyenera kutenga madzi ofewa, okhazikika kapena osasankhidwa. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukwera pang'ono kuposa kutentha kwa chipinda.
M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kudziunjikira chinyezi mumphika ndi poto pansi pake. Ngati dothi lomwe lili pansi pa nephrolepis likadaphatikizidwa, ndibwino kuti muzitha kumuika osasinthika ndikusintha dothi lowonongeka.
Nephrolepis dothi komanso fern top dressing
Nthawi zina, kupatsirana kumachitika mchaka ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndikupanga fern mwakugawika kwa ma rhizomes. Pofuna kuti fanizoli lisamutsidwe mumphika watsopano kuti achulukane mwachangu ndikukula, amapeza dothi lopangidwa ndi fern kapena kukonzekera kusakaniza mwaokha.
Chomera chimakhala momasuka pang'onopang'ono acidic kapena osalowerera ndendende, chomwe chimadutsa bwino madzi, mpweya komanso sichimasokoneza kukula kwa mizu. Ngati dothi mukasamalira nephrolepis ndikukulitsa panyumba ndikuchita ndi manja anu, onjezerani mbali zofanana:
- nthaka yachonde;
- okonza peat;
- mchenga wosambitsidwa bwino;
- nthaka yodziyimira.
Sliced sphagnum ndi makala osadulidwa amatha kukhala gawo lothandiza. Zowonjezera izi sizimangopanga gawo lapansi, komanso zimateteza chomera ku bacteria wazomera ndikuwonongeka.
Ngati acidity ya dothi la nephrolepis imapitirira pH 5.0-6.0, mayunitsi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa ufa wa dolomite.
Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, ma fern amadyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta popanga zokongoletsera komanso zovunda. M'nyengo yozizira, pafupipafupi kuvala kwapamwamba kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pamwezi.
Zovuta posamalira nephrolepis
Chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chimayimira mavuto ndi chikasu, kuyanika, ndi kugwera kuchokera ku zovuta, cirrus elongated wai. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi. Ndi zovuta ziti zazikulu pakusamalira nephrolepis akuyembekezera wakula?
Nthawi zambiri, wokonda mbewu zamkati amayenera kuthana ndi zachilengedwe zakukonzanso chomera chake chobiriwira. Kuti muthe kusintha ma wyamas achikale, achinyamata amawoneka. Nthawi yomweyo, korona samadziyalutsa yekha; amawoneka wolimba, wotakasuka komanso wathanzi. Zikatero, vayi owuma vayi chotsani pang'onopang'ono ndikusambitsa dothi pansi pa duwa.
China chake ndi kuchepa kwa zokongoletsera chifukwa cha kusowa bwino kwa nephrolepis. Masamba amagwa:
- kuyanika mwadongosolo matope;
- kuthirira kwambiri, komwe kunayambitsa kuwoneka kwa muzu zowola;
- Dera lolakwika la dimba pomwe mmera umavutika ndi kuwunika pang'ono kapena kusanja.
Kubwezeretsa kukula kumakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi kutentha kochepa, kusowa kwa zakudya kapena meta yaulere mumphika. Milandu iwiri yomaliza, zovuta posamalira nephrolepis zimathetsedwa ndikusintha kapena kukhazikitsa regimen.
Cholakwika wamba chomwe mlimi amagwiritsa ntchito ndikakana kuthira manyowa kapena kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthaka isanabzalidwe. Ma spider okha, omwe amasungunuka ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri, kapena tizilombo tambiri tambiri tomwe timachokera m'mundamo, titha kukhazikika pamiyala yakuda yokhala ngati fern. Koma kuchuluka kwa tizirombo ta dothi ndikokulirapo. Nephrolepis akuwopsezedwa ndi mabakiteriya obwezeretsa komanso bowa wa pathogenic, mealybugs, thrips. Chithandizo chovuta ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso fungicides chingathandize kuthana nawo. Ngati paliodeza pansi, ndiye kuti duwa lidzafa.
