Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti mapinawa okoma komanso azisamba amamera pamitengo ina yotentha. Koma chipatso chowoneka ndi cha maluwa a bromeliad omwe amakula mwachindunji pansi. Malinga ndi njira yophukira, chinanazi ndi ofanana ndi kabichi, komabe ndi masamba osatha. Imakhwidwa paminda, m'malo obiriwira, komanso m'nyumba.
Kodi zinanazi zimamera kuti?
Zipatso zosaneneka zimamera m'minda yambiri ku Asia ndi Africa, ku Central ndi South America, Australia. Ku Russia, zinanazi wakula wowonjezera kutentha.
Chipatso cha mbewu ya herbaceous ndi zipatso zambiri, zomwe zimamera limodzi ndikupanga chipatso chonse. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera kunja kumawoneka ngati kuchokera ku maselo. Selo lililonse limapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa, omwe mbalame za hummingbird zimatulutsa mungu m'chilengedwe. Chifukwa cha kupukutidwa kotero, mbewu zimapangidwa, koma chipatso sichimakula. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze chipatso chabwino komanso chokoma, mitundu yodzipukutira payokha imabzalidwa.
Mu chomera chobzala m'nthaka, mtengo wamphepete woyamba umapangidwa ndipo thunthu limakulitsidwa. Zovuta masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a concave Gawolo limakhala laphikidwe kwambiri, lomwe limafotokozedwa ndi kusowa kwa chinyontho m'malo omwe zinanazi zimamera. Pakagwa chilala, zipatso zamadzimadzimadzi zimathandizira chomera chonse. Mizu ya fibrous mizu ili pafupifupi pamtunda.
Chinanazi chimayamba kutulutsa miyezi 12-18 mutabzala. Zimatenga miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi kukhazikitsa mwana wosabadwayo. Pakadali pano, mphukira zam'mphepete zimayamba kupanga axel yamasamba. Chipatso chowutsa mudyo chimadulidwa, malo okula amatayika, koma mmerowo umapitiliza kukula chifukwa cha mphukira yotsatira.
Kodi zinanazi zimabala bwanji?
Fatsani Zipatso Zapadera Pali njira zingapo:
Pamwamba, yomwe imadulidwa ndikubzalidwa pansi. Mtundu wobiriwira wodulidwa kuchokera ku zipatso wamba ungakhale mtengo wofunika kubzala. Ngakhale sichikhala chipatso, mbewuyo imangoyang'ana kunyumba ikhalabe yokongola komanso yopatsa chidwi.- Mphukira zamtundu zomwe zimadulidwa pambuyo pokhazikitsidwa ndi mizu. Mu chomera chilichonse chachikulire, ana omwe amakhala ngati ma cones amakula m'mbali, kuyambira pomwe mizu imayamba kukula nthawi yayitali.
- Mbewu zomwe zili m'maselo pansi pa peel ndikufanana ndi nthanga za maapulo. Mbewu zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pa chinayi kucha. Ndikothekanso kukula chomera mwanjira iyi, koma chimabala zipatso pangopita zaka zochepa.
Pamwamba, yomwe imadulidwa ndikubzalidwa pansi. Mtundu wobiriwira wodulidwa kuchokera ku zipatso wamba ungakhale mtengo wofunika kubzala. Ngakhale sichikhala chipatso, mbewuyo imangoyang'ana kunyumba ikhalabe yokongola komanso yopatsa chidwi.Kukula chinanazi pamunda
Malo obzala zipatso ochulukirapo kwambiri ali kumwera kwa United States, Australia, South Africa ndi Asia. Kuti mupeze zipatso zokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu, mitundu yochenjera imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndiukadaulo kwambiri.
Zodulidwa kale mizu yotalika masentimita 20 zimabzalidwa m'mizere iwiri: Mtunda pakati pa mizerewu umachokera pamodzi ndi theka mpaka mita iwiri.
Kuti mbewu zambiri zitheke komanso kuti mbewuyo izitulutsa, mbande zimagwidwa ndi acetylene. Mothandizidwa ndi mpweya, maluwa amapangidwa pamtengo wachinyamata pa nthawi yoyenera.
Koma kuti chipatso choyipsa, inflorescence yomwe iyambika iyenera kuphimbidwa kuti mungu usamatulutsidwe. Kuti achite izi, alimi amagwiritsa ntchito zisoti zapadera kapena njira zodzitetezera ku tizilombo ndi mbalame.
Kuthirira, kuthira feteleza ndi kusamalira tizilombo paminda, njira zamakina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutchire m'malo otentha, zimapezekanso mitengo itatu ya chinanazi pachaka.
Kodi kukula chinanazi mu wowonjezera kutentha zinthu?
Kwa zaka mazana angapo motsatizana, zipatso zosakhala zachilendo zakhala zikudalidwa mu greenh m'nyumba ku Europe. Chifukwa cha ukadaulo wamakono, kusamalira mbewu kwakhala kosavuta kwambiri.
Zoyala zamtundu wamtundu zimakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito kukulira zinanazi kagawo kakang'ono kosakanikirana pansi. Kuti mukonzekere, sakanizani:
nthaka yamaluwa;- peat;
- humus;
- perlite;
- makala.
nthaka yamaluwa;Zomera zazing'ono zimathiridwa ndi madzi acidified, chifukwa zinanazi zimamera bwino pamadothi okhala ndi acidity yowonjezereka. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha. Palibe kusunthika pansiapo ayi muzu ndi phesi zingayambe kuvunda.
Kuti mbewuyo ithe, mainiyasi obiriwira obiriwira amasungunuka ndi utsi kapena kuthandizidwa ndi acetylene. Zotsatira zake, posamalira bwino zinthu zofunikira kubzala, mbewu zobiriwira zimayamba kubala zipatso posachedwa kuposa zomwe zidalimidwa m'malo otentha.
Timakulitsa zinanazi munthawi yachipinda
Ntchito yochititsa chidwi komanso yodabwitsa ingaoneke ngati kulima zipatso zapanyumba. Ndikabzala bwino komanso kusamalira mbewu, chomera chokongola chokhala ndi zipatso zazing'ono zimatha kupezeka kumtunda kwa chinanazi.
Kusankha kubzala zakuthupi
Sankhani bwino zipatso zomwe pamwamba zimadulidwa. Zipatso zakupsa kapena zosapsa sizigwira ntchito. Masamba a mbewu ayenera kukhala cholimba komanso chobiriwira kwambiri. Zipatso zokhala ndi masamba a bulauni kapena achikasu sizikulimbikitsidwa. Muyenera kusamala kuti chipatsocho chisakhale chisanu, ndikuti masamba ake onse ndi athanzi. Chinanazi palokha chizikhala chachikaso osati chovuta kwambiri.
Kuyambira mwana obadwa kunyumba, choyambirira, muyenera kupita pamwamba. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi pamanja pogwira masamba ambiri ndikuwatembenuza. Zotsatira zake, tsinde liyenera kutuluka. Popeza masamba amatenga bwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala magolovesi m'manja.
Ndi chipatso chosapsa, ndikosavuta kutulutsa tsinde kuti mwina isagwire. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa. Masamba ayenera kudulidwa pamodzi ndi muzu, motero amawadula pamtengowo mpaka madigiri 45. Mnofu womwe udatsalira pamtengo ndi masamba angapo amunsi amachotsedwa.
Njira zophukira zapamwamba
Asanafike pansi, pamwamba pa chinanazi ayenera kuzika mizu. Chifukwa cha izi, phesi la 3-4 masentimita lomwe limachotsa masamba kuyikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi kutentha kwa chipinda. Monga chidebe, mutha kutenga kapu kapena kapu ya opaque. Muyenera kuyika mbewu yam'tsogolo pamalo otentha komanso owala bwino, otetezedwa ku dzuwa. Mizu iyenera kuwonekera pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.
Pofuna kuti kuvulaza mizu isasinthidwe, phesiyo ikhoza kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika. Pankhaniyi, odulidwa pamwamba ayenera kutsukidwa mwachangu mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu ndi lume kwa masiku 3-5. Zodulidwa zakonzedwazo zibzalidwa mumphika wodzazidwa ndi dothi ndikufetsedwa pang'ono. Kuti mupeze kuzika kwa bwino pamtunda, mutha kupanga wowonjezera kutentha pophimba ndi malo ogulitsira ndi pulasitiki. Tsinde limazika matenthedwe pamtunda wa 25-27C, kotero mphika uyenera kuyikidwa m'malo abwino komanso otentha. Mizu yake imadzakhala pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka, pomwe chomera chamtsogolo chimayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi pang'onopang'ono kutentha.
Kukonzekera kwa mphika ndi dothi
Poto pomwe chinanazi chikukula uyenera kukhala ndi mulingo wofanana ndi chipatso. Popita nthawi, kuchuluka kwa thankiyo kumakulirakulira. Komabe, chomera chachikulu chimakula m'mphika wosaposa 3-4 malita.
Woyenera kukula chinanazi dothi lokonzekera ma orchid. Koma mutha kukonza dothi losakaniza nokha, kusakaniza:
- turf kumtunda - magawo awiri;
- pepala lapansi - gawo limodzi;
- humus - 1 gawo;
- mchenga - 1 gawo.
Pansi pamphika, madzi akumwa amatsanuliridwa.
Kusamalira Manankhwala Kunyumba
M'chaka choyamba cha ulimi, mbewuyi imangokulira mwachangu. Imatha kumasula muvi ndi chipatso chokha mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala. Mivi imatha kukondoweza mwanjira zingapo:
Mpweya wa Ethylene ungapezeke pofalitsa maapulo odulidwa mozungulira mphikawo. Chovuta ndichakuti ndizosatheka kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopangira maluwa.- Ndizodalirika kwambiri kuthirira mbewu ndi yankho la calcium carbide. Kuti muchite izi, supuni imodzi yamankhwala imasungunuka mu malita 0,5 amadzi, yokutidwa ndi chivindikiro ndikukupira pafupifupi tsiku limodzi. Madzi omwe amayambira amasefedwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuthirira chomera chaching'ono. Njira yothetsera vutoli imatsanuliridwa pakatikati kamodzi patsiku kwa sabata.
Mpweya wa Ethylene ungapezeke pofalitsa maapulo odulidwa mozungulira mphikawo. Chovuta ndichakuti ndizosatheka kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopangira maluwa.Kusamalidwa kwa chinanazi mchipinda ndikuwonetsetsa kutentha kwa mbewu mkati mwa 25-30ะกkuthirira pang'ono acidified ndi madzi oyimirira ndi kuvala pamwamba ndimadzimadzi ovuta ma feteleza a bromeliads.
Mitundu ina yokongoletsa chinanazi imakulidwa ngati chikhalidwe cha mphika ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba kapena munda. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kubala chipatso chowoneka bwino kunyumba, mutha kuyesa kukulitsa mbewu yopanda zipatso kuchokera pamwamba pa zipatso zomwe zimagulidwa m'sitolo. Mukamamupatsa zinthu zofunika komanso chisamaliro, pakatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka mudzadzipatsa utoto wokoma wa chinanazi panokha.
