Antennaria kapena mphaka phazi Kubzala mmera ndi chisamaliro

Antennaria (Antennaria) - kuchokera ku banja Asteraceae, mtundu wake umakhala ndi mitundu yoposa zana yomwe imapezeka ku Arctic ndi Alpine madera a Europe, Asia, South ndi North America. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona ma aangle kumapeto a dzuwa, pamphepete mwa mchenga wamadziwe.

Antennaria ndi chomera chazomera chamuyaya. Mphukira imamera kuchokera ku nthangala yopyapyala, yomwe imatha kuzika mizu, masamba amakhala ochepa kapena lanceolate, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette yoyambira, yokhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira, wokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Ma Peduncles komanso ndi phata loyera, lamphamvu, imadzuka pamwamba pamabedi a mphukira, akumaliza ndi mabasiketi amaluwa.

Maluwa (okhala ngati ulusi wachikazi, ndi wamwamuna - tubular) amasonkhanitsidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a inflorescence - mitu ndi scute, mtundu nthawi zambiri umakhala woyera kapena wapinki. Anthu amatcha antennaria mphaka wa mphaka, chifukwa cha inflorescence yake - yofewa, yosalala komanso yofowoka, yofanana ndende ya mphaka. Phazi la mphaka limatulutsa chilimwe, nthawi yayitali - kuyambira mwezi mpaka awiri. Ngakhale kukazizira kwambiri zipatso zimacha - achene wosalala mpaka 1 mm kutalika.

Kusankha malo a antennaria

Dioecious mlengalenga

M'mundawo, mutha kunyamula mbewu zambiri zowala, koma pali malo amabedi amaluwa omwe amawoneka kuti ndi osayenera chomera chilichonse: dothi losauka losakanizika ndi miyala, komanso pambali pa mpendadzuwa. Awa ndi malo okhaokha amphaka. Kuchokera pamndandanda wakutalika wa chivundikiro cha nthaka - ichi mwina ndichomera chosalemekeza kwambiri.

Amapanga pilo yotseka masamba, kutalika kwa matenthedwe sikupita masentimita 30. Kapeti kuchokera pa tinyanga ndi kovuta kotero kuti ikhoza kubzalidwa pakati pa zigawo za njira yodulidwira - phazi la mphaka ndilosatheka kupondaponda.

Chomera sichitha chilala, sichitha kutentha

• Uku ndikupeza mapiri a Alpine, malo omwe tsambalo linapangidwa kuti, ntchito yomanga itatha, miyala ndi mchenga zikhale zosafunikira kwa mbewu zina.
• Chokhacho chomwe tinyanga sakonda ndi mthunzi, chimatambasamba, ndipo mwinanso phompho. Koma Dzuwa lowongoka, lotentha ndi chonde.
• Madera akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa mapiri a mapiri, malo otsetsereka, malo oyenerera ndioyenerera.

Dothi lililonse ndiloyenera kumera, limamera mosavuta pamtunda wopanda dothi. Ngati dothi ndi lachonde kwambiri, koma mukufunabe kubzala phazi la mphaka, onjezerani mchenga ndi miyala yochepa pamalo a anangula.

Kukula antennaria kuchokera ku mbewu

Kukula kwa mbewu kwa Antenaria mu chithunzi

Kubalana kwa Antenaria kumachitika m'njira zonse zotheka: kugawanika kwa mpweya, mizu ya mphukira, mbewu. Njira yovuta kwambiri kukula ndi mbewu. Ngati palibe njira ina, ndiye yesani maphunziro opusa awa.

Chithunzi cha mbewu ya Antenaria

• Mbewu ziyenera zofesedwa m'bokosi pansi pagalasi.
• Mbewu zitha kusakanikirana ndi mchenga kuti zipangitse kufesa. Mutha kuwabalalitsa pamtunda wa gawo lapansi ndikungophimba pang'ono ndi dziko lapansi pamwamba, theka la sentimita.
• Mphukira imawoneka yaying'ono kwambiri ndikukula mwamphamvu, pang'onopang'ono, yopanga bwino.
• Pambuyo pake amapangidwira, kusiya mbewu zamphamvu kwambiri.
• Masamba awiri owona atatuluka, mutha kusaka mosakanikira pang'ono.
• Muyenera kubzala mbande panthaka yachilimwe, kuona mtunda pakati pa mbeu 20-30 cm, phazi la mphaka limakula mwachangu, ndipo mbewu yotere imaphuka chaka chimodzi.

Kanemani momwe mungafesere mbewu za antennaria kapena mapazi a mphaka:

Kufalitsa kwamasamba

Njira yosavuta, mwachidziwikire, ndi njira yobala zipatso. Mutha kugula zinthu zodzala m'masitolo az maluwa, m'misika yachilengedwe. Mwina oyandikana nawo mdzikoli ali ndi mlengalenga, ndiye kuti mutha kufunsa ochepa mphukira. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo. Malamulo obzala ndi chimodzimodzi - mtunda pakati pa mbeu ndi 20-30 cm, osati kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi yomweyo mulch.

Phazi la mphaka limakonda kuluka mabatani ndi miyala kapena miyala. Osakhala makungwa kapena zinthu zina zodziwika bwino. Ngati simuphatikiza, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira udzu mpaka mphaka ikaphimba malowo.

Ndikothekanso kubereka kubereka komanso kugawa kwa nthitiyo. Ndi bwino kugawa muzu mu kugwa.

Komanso koyambirira kwamasika kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mutha kugawa chitsamba. Izi sizofunikira kuti tipeze chodzala chokha, komanso kuti tizipanganso udzu. Ngati tinyanga ikamera m'malo amodzi kwa zaka zopitilira 3-4, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imayamba kukalamba ndi kusokonekera, chifukwa tchire lalitali limatha kukongoletsa, kumatambalala ndipo "matamba a dazi" amawonekera pa udzu.

Chisamaliro cha abambo

Chomera chosatha cha Antennaria m'munda

Zomera sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Ma batire safunikira kuthilira kapena kudulira pafupipafupi (chifukwa maudzu samamera m'makata amiyala). Ngati mbeu zanu zili zazing'ono ndipo zikufuna kukhala ndi mphasa zasiliva kuchokera pakatikati, ndiye kuti kuthirira nthawi zonse kumathandiza, koma musalole kupitilira. Iwo omwe amakulitsa antennaria chifukwa chodulira chakudya chamaluwa adzafuna kukhala ndi inflorescence zokulirapo, ndiye bwinonso kusungabe chinyezi. Ngati simukhazikitsa ntchito zapadera, ndiye kuti tinyanga timamva bwino.

Njira yokhayo yomwe ikukakamiza kasupe ndikukonzanso kwa nthaka. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa zitsamba zakufa, zowonongeka kapena "dazi", chomera malo opanda kanthu kuchokera kumnyengo yotsiriza. Ndiye, phazi la mphaka wanu silifunanso chilichonse.

Antennaria nthawi yachisanu

Chomera sichimafuna pogona, chimalekerera chisanu bwino, mitundu ina imakondwera ndi msipu kuchokera pansi pa chisanu.

Tizilombo ndi matenda a antennaria

Chithunzi cha phazi la Antennaria

Nkhani yabwino kachiwiri: palibe tizirombo tapadera, pokhapokha tokha, yomwe singasokoneze tambala. Nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata ya kangaude, maula komanso mbozi za scoop, zomwe zimakonda kukhala zamaluwa, zimatha kuvulaza.

Njira zothanirana ndi tiziromboti zimadziwika ngakhale kwa olima maluwa a novice. Ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mwachitsanzo, mutha kuthana nawo bwino ndi mankhwala aanthu (kulowetsedwa kwa nettle, phulusa, fodya, ndi zina), ngakhale sipadzakhala thukuta la mphaka, ndiye mutha kuthana ndi mankhwala: Inta-Vir ,ypermetrin, Karate ...

Ngati kangaude wayamba, ndiye kuti, sikungokhala pamiyendo ya mphaka

• Nkhondo yokhala ndi tizilombo iyi iyenera kulumikizidwa pamlingo waukulu ndipo cholembedwa chokha chitha kuperekedwa pamenepa.
• Dziwani kuti mankhwala opha tizilombo sagwirira ntchito ngati nkhupakupa, ma acaricides kapena chitetezotoacaricides ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ndi oopsa kwambiri komanso owopsa kwa anthu komanso chilengedwe.
• Chifukwa chake, njirayi iyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala kwambiri.

Njira zolimbana ndi nematode - chithandizo cha matenda omwe ali ndi kachilombo, dothi lokhala ndi maaticides, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potashi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kufufuza zinthu motsutsana ndi ndulu.

Palibe chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mbozi, ndipo chochepa chimatha kusungidwa pamanja.
Sichitha kutenga matenda. Simupeza kawirikawiri mawanga, zowola, zauwisi, dzimbiri.
Ngati mukuwona kuwonongeka - mankhwalawa Bordeaux.

Chokhacho chomwe akuwopa ndi chinyezi chambiri chowonjezereka, nyerere izi zimangovunda. Sakonda phazi la mphaka komanso dothi lachonde, ndikutalika kwa nayitrogeni zomwe zimachitikanso monga mumthunzi - mbewuyo imatambasuka ndipo samva bwino.

Zosiyanasiyana za antennae

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, phazi la mphaka lili ndi mitundu yoposa zana, koma mitundu ina ya anangula ndi yomwe ili paliponse pazomera zamaluwa.

Alpine Antennaria (Antennaria alpina)

Chithunzi cha Antennaria alpine Antennaria alpina chithunzi

Mtengo wotsika pang'ono, wotchuka chifukwa cha mthunzi wa masamba ochepa, chifukwa umapangira mitundu yosiyanitsa, mwachitsanzo, m'minda yamwala. Masamba ang'onoang'ono amaphimbidwa ndi m'mphepete mwa buluu, kutalika kwa pilo lalitali kwambiri lotalika pafupifupi masentimita 5. Mitengo yamapulogalamu imawoneka modabwitsa, ngakhale sizikwera pamwamba pa 15 cm. Maluwa amakhala nthawi yonse yotentha. Maluwa oyera oyera amatengedwa mu maburashi omasuka a zidutswa za 3-5.

Dioecious Antennaria (Antennaria dioica)

Chithunzi cha Antennaria dioica Antennaria dioica chithunzi

Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu (akupirira mpaka -28˚˚) chivundikiro chamtunda chamuyaya, sichitaya masamba ngakhale nyengo yozizira. Zachidziwikire, zimawoneka mochititsa chidwi poyerekeza ndi chipale chofewa. Tinyanga tating'onoting'ono sitipanga kapeti wokulirapo kwambiri, amatero, ngati kuti, zili zilumba: kuchokera ku basal rosette, mphukira imayambira mosakhalitsa.

Antenaria dioecious f rosea

Zikuwoneka kuti ndizopanda pake, koma zokongola kwambiri, m'njira yopanga. Dawo lamtunduwo limafika mpaka 25 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 15. Masamba amatha, osayatsidwa, ngati mphukira ndi imvi, amatha kupindika mu kutentha, koma izi zikuwoneka zoyambirira.

Antenaria dioecious f rubra

Zoyenderera kwambiri, ndi masamba oyandikana ndi tsinde, chilili. Maluwa (achimuna ndi achikazi) a ma pinki ndi ofiira (nthawi zina amtundu wabuluu) amasonkhanitsidwa mumtundu wochepa wa inflorescence - mitu ndi zishango. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa masika ndipo mbewu zimacha mu Ogasiti.

Mitundu yotsatira ya mapazi a mphaka ndiosokoneza:

• Minima (minima) - kutalika kwa mitunduyo ndi 5 cm basi, maluwa ndi opepuka pinki, chomera chochepa;
• rosea (rosea) - zomera zodzala zodzala - maluwa owala a pinki ndi masamba owuma;
• rubra (rubra) - imafika kutalika kwa 15 cm, inflorescence yofiira;
• tomentosa (tomentosa) - masamba ndi osangalatsa pamitundu iyi - wandiweyani, wowala kwambiri, pafupifupi yoyera;
• "Nvewood" - ali ndi inflorescence ofiira, kutalika kwa mtengowo mpaka 10cm;
• "Aprica" ​​- inflorescence yoyera-chipale;
• "Roy Davidson" - mtundu woyambirira wa maluwa - lilac-pinki motsutsana ndi maziko a udzu wowala.

Psyllium Antennaria (Antennaria plantaginifolia)

Chithunzi cha Antennary plantain Antennaria plantaginifolia chithunzi

Tinyanga tating'ono, mphukira amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Kunyumba - North America. Mitundu yocheperako, monga chomera, imatha kumera m'nthaka. Chowonadi chidzayamika ndikuwonetsa kukopa kwake ngakhale ndikuwerengera pang'ono pamalowo. Masamba akulu mu rosette amakhala owumbika ndipo amafanana ndi masamba a plantain, mphukira zamphamvu zimakutidwa ndi masamba a lanceolate, inflorescence owoneka ndi oyera kapena amtundu utoto, amaluwa mu Meyi - June. Tchire lalitali limakula mwachangu ndipo limathamangitsa oyandikana nawo.

Carpathian Antennaria (Antennaria carpatica) ndiwocheperako.

Chithunzi cha Antennaria Carpathian Antennaria carpatica

Herbaceous pansi chivundikiro osatha ndi silvery tsamba mtundu ndi pinki inflorescence, amakhala ndi tinyanga. Ma Peduncle sakhala okwera kwambiri (10-12 cm) ndipo alibe masamba. Chimakula kwambiri ku Carpathians, chimabwera ku Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine. Zalembedwa mu Red Book of Ukraine.

Phazi la mphaka (Antennaria divica)

Ang'ono (mpaka 1 cm) osatha ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu. Maluwa ndi oyera, ofiira komanso opindika. Maluwa - koyambira ndi pakati pa chilimwe.

Phazi la mphaka ndi dzuwa, kapena lamasamba akuluakulu (Antennaria aprisa Greene)

Komanso mlendo wochokera ku North America. Kukonda kwambiri kutentha, kutalika 15 masentimita, masamba ndi akulu, silvery, maluwa oyera.

Mphaka Wamphaka (Antennaria villifera Boriss)

Masamba ndi opapatiza, osadukiza, ndi mphonje wofanana ndi cobweb. Chomera chotsika chimapezeka kumalo achilengedwe ku Arctic.

Kuteteza tchire:

Chithunzi ku chithunzi cha malo

• thanthwe zamapiri zamapiri;
• madera okhala ndi dothi louma;
• mukamakongoletsa makoma osungira, miyala, malo otsetsereka, nthaka yokhala ndi miyala;
• m'malo mabedi maluwa otchedwa "chikhalidwe chamtchire";
• monga m'malo mwa udzu wokhala ndi matope athunthu kupondaponda;
• m'ming'alu pakati pamatayala;
• ngati chikhalidwe chamalire;
• pafupi ndi conifers wotsika kuti apange mawonekedwe opepuka, oyambira siliva kwa singano zakuda;
• apanso, popanga chingwe chaimvi, chobowola chamaluwa owala bwino;
• monga zokongoletsera za malo mu nthawi yozizira - ma greens omwe amawonekera kudzera mu chipale chofewa amasangalatsa diso;
• popanga "dimba louma la maluwa" panthaka youma;
• kupanga kachulukidwe ka siliva m'mitundu yosakanikirana;
• kudula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa.

Chithunzi cha Antennaria chopatsirana ndi kusamalira chithunzi

Malangizo oti mubzale pafupi ndi mbewu zotere:

• conifers otsika: spruce, paini, mlombwa;
• phala wothandizira: mwana, dorotheanthus;
• zophatikiza (zingabzalidwe mwachindunji pa carpet);
• wopulumuka, purslane, milenia, lavenda;
• belu, chowawa, mullein.

Phazi la mphaka limatengedwa kuti ndi mankhwala azomera. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochiritsira othandizira ngati zilonda, kuwonjezera pa choleretic yabwino. Ndipo mwa kuletsa magazi, antennaria imakhala yamphamvu kuposa adrenaline ndi calcium chloride.

Zotsatira zake, titha kuwonjezera kuti tchire limodzi lokha la mphaka limawoneka losawoneka bwino, koma ikakula ndi sapota wa siliva, imagwira diso lanu mosanyinyirika. Popeza kudzimvera kwake ndi kupirira, tinyanga ikakhala pamalo oyenera maluwa.