Barulosi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zazikulu zamaluwa. Mitundu yawo yosiyanasiyana pamapangidwe, kapangidwe kake, mitundu yake ndi kukula kwake imakupatsani mwayi kupeza barberry yoyenera kuthetsa ntchito iliyonse yokongoletsa. Koma mwayi waukulu wa barberry siwokongoletsa masamba kapena maluwa oyambira. Chitsamba chokongoletsera ichi chitha kuikidwa m'malo otetezeka pakati pa mitundu yosavuta kwambiri yomwe imafunikira nthawi zonse, koma chisamaliro chophweka kwambiri.
Bush berberis tunberg "BailErin" (Berberis thunbergii 'BailErin').
Zabwino komanso zobiriwira nthawi zonse, zomwe zimawoneka ngati masamba osalala, achikopa, osanjidwa bwino ndi masamba ndi minga, zipatso zam'mabulosi kale zapambana mutu wa imodzi mwa zitsamba zazikulu pakupanga minda. Kupatula apo, kukongola kwa korona wawo, komwe kumasintha mtundu mu kugwa kukhala zovala zowoneka bwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri zachilendo komanso nyengo yayitali, mawonekedwe odabwitsa ndi zithunzi zokongoletsera zimapangitsa kuti shrub iyi ikhale yosiyana ndi maziko aliwonse. Ngakhale fungo lenileni la maluwa, lomwe limapachika mosiyanasiyana pansi pa nthambi m'manja, silimasokoneza kukongola kwa mbewuzi. Ndipo zipatso ndi mabonasi abwino okhala ngati mkanda wapamwamba kwambiri chifukwa cha nthawi yophukira komanso yozizira ya barberry.
Ziribe kanthu kuti barberry imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji - ngati mabulosi komanso shrub yothandiza, monga chokongoletsera chokongoletsera mapiri ndi mapiri, pamtunda ndi pabedi lamaluwa, m'mipanda kapena maofesi - chomera ichi ndichosavuta kukula. Ndikokwanira kuti musakhale aulesi kupatsa barberry ndi njira zochepa kuthirira, kuti musayiwale za kudulira komanso kuvala zovala zosafunikira zapamwamba - ndipo chomerachi chidzakhala chokongoletsera chenicheni m'munda wanu.
Zachidziwikire, barberry ndi wosadzinyenga kwambiri kuti amatha kuchita osasiya konse. Koma kenako zidzakhala zovuta kuwerengetsa maluwa ambiri ndi zipatso, mitengo yabwino ya kukula komanso kukongoletsa kwakukulu.
Kuyamba koyenera mu mawonekedwe a mikhalidwe yoyenera ndi chinsinsi cha kukongola kwa tchire
Zolakwika pakusankhidwa kwa mawonekedwe a dothi kapena kuunika kwambiri komwe kumakhala bwino kwa mabulosi kumabweretsa osati pang'onopang'ono kukula, komanso mavuto azaumoyo ang'onoang'ono. Mabulosi ali osakhazikika komanso okhutira ndi malo abwino onse okhala ndi dimba.
Kuyatsa barberry nthawi zonse kumakhala kowala, kotentha kapena kosiyanasiyana. Koma ngati simumakula mitundu yokhala ndi masamba a mtundu wamtundu kapena "wamtundu", koma abwinobwino wamba, ndiye kuti mabulosi abwinobwino angagwiritsidwenso ntchito m'malo omwe amatulutsa. Mitundu yonse yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mthunziwo ndiowopsa chifukwa chomera chimataya mtundu.
Makhalidwe a dothi la barberry siofunika kwambiri. Amamera bwino pamtunda wamtunda uliwonse wamadzi, wopezeka ndi madzi, wopuma, wopanda nkhawa komanso wathanzi. Mukabzala, nthaka yochotsedwa pamalowo imakhala yosakanikirana bwino ndi mchenga ndi humus kapena kompositi. Barberry sangathe kulekerera kwambiri zamchere kapena dothi lambiri acid: mulingo woyenera wa pH kwa iwo sayenera kupitirira 6.0 mpaka 7.5.
Mukabzala barberry, muyenera kukhalabe mtunda woyenera. Pakulima kamodzi kwa tchire lokhalo, mtunda woyenera ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka. Mukabzala m'magulu, mabulosi abzalidwe angabzalidwe mwamphamvu monga momwe amafunikira kuti apange kubzala wokongola - mpaka 5 mbewu imodzi mwa mainchesi kapena mzere.
Kudzala tchire la barberry.
Barberry amafuna chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Mabulosi ali olimba komanso osasamala, koma amakongoletsa kwambiri pokhapokha atatetezedwa ku chilala. Mvula ikalibe mvula yokwanira, ndiye kuti chitsamba chimodzi chimathiriridwa pamlungu, ndikunyowetsa dothi lakuya masentimita 40. Barberry angachite popanda kuthirira, koma nthawi yotentha kukongola kwake, maluwa ake ndi zipatso zimavutika kwambiri. Mukangobzala, musanazike mizu ndi chiyambi chokula, kuthirira mwachizolowezi kumaperekedwa kwa mbewu. Kuthirira chitsamba ichi kuchitika mosamala, pansi pa muzu, kuyesera kuti tisanyowetse masamba, osati madzi ozizira.
Kulima dothi ndikuwongolera udzu
Barberry - zitsamba ndizokongola kwambiri, koma kubzala mosasamala kumadziwika mosavuta kuchokera kumbuyo kwawo. Ndipo kudziwongolera maudzu ndikofunikira pachitsamba ichi. Kupalira kumachitika kangapo pamnyengo, kuphatikiza ndi kumasula nthaka.
Kuthana ndi dothi kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi momwe mungathere. Zazomera zam'munda wina uliwonse, chifukwa cha dothi lamaluwa nthaka yake imamasulidwa ndikugwa mvula yambiri ndikuthirira.
Kusalira ndi kumasula kumatenga nthawi yambiri komanso mphamvu. Ndipo njira yosavuta yochotsera ndikuwapangira ndi mulch. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mulching ya barberry thunthu bwalo imachitika mutabzala. M'tsogolomu, mulch imasinthidwa masika aliwonse, itatha kulima koyamba ndi kuvala kwapamwamba. Mukugwa, mulch imasinthidwa ngati pakufunika. Mabulosi amalekerera mulching osati ndi zida zomera zokha, komanso ndi miyala yamiyala yokongoletsera yazing'onozing'ono zazing'ono komanso zazikulu.
Kudulira barberry ndikusintha
Chimodzi mwamaubwino osasimbika a nyama yapadziko lonse lapansi iyi ndi kuthekera kwa mapangidwe ake. Mabulosi amawongoleredwa bwino pamawonekedwe, amalekereza kumeta mosavuta ndikukulolani kuti mupatse zitsamba zowoneka bwino.
Ziphuphu zofunika pa chitsamba ichi zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu:
- Kuyeretsa mwaukhondo. Barberry aliyense pachaka, kumayambiriro kwa masika, ayenera "kutsukidwa" - chotsani mphukira zofowoka, zowonongeka, zowuma.
- Kukonzanso. Mabulosi nthawi zambiri safuna kukonzanso bwino. Ngati mu masika, nthawi yakutsuka, kuyeretsa pang'ono kumapangidwanso pamisamba yakale, kuchotsa mphukira zakale zomwe zimakula mkati mwa korona, chitsamba chimasinthidwa mwachilengedwe. Kudula kokhazikika kwa nthambi zonse za barberry sikumalekeredwa bwino ndipo kumabwezeretsa pang'onopang'ono.
- Kupanga Dulani dimba lokhazikika kapena linga. Mabulosi amawongoleredwa ndi kufupikitsa timitengo kuchokera pa 1/3 mpaka 2/3 ya kutalika. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, kumeta tsitsi kumachitika kamodzi pachaka, kenako amasinthana kumapangidwe awiri pachaka - koyambirira kwa June ndi kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti.
Kudulira kwamtundu uliwonse komwe kumakambidwa, kwa barberry kumayamba kuchitidwa mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala.
Kudulira mwaukhondo kwa barberry.
Feteleza Barberry
Feteleza wa shrubwa amangogwiritsa ntchito chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu mutabzala. Nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi zaka zitatu zimafunikira kuti barberry muzu moyenerera ndipo mbewu zimayamba kukula mwachangu nthawi yomwe ikukula ikayamba kuwadyetsa. Koma kuwachita chaka chilichonse sikofunikira.
Ndikokwanira kudyetsa barberry osachepera kamodzi pa zaka 3-4 zilizonse ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, pachaka kapena kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri zilizonse ndi feteleza wathunthu wama mineral. Njira yokhazikika ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni koyambirira kwa nyengo yachilimwe, ndikumaliza feteleza wa mamineral kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, koma mutha kukwaniritsa umuna umodzi wokha ndi feteleza wathunthu wokhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Ngati mukukula mitundu ya barberry chifukwa cha kukolola kochuluka, ndiye kuti njira yolima itha kusinthidwa:
- Kuphatikiza gawo la feteleza wa nayitrogeni kumapeto kwa chaka chilichonse.
- M'mwezi wa June, manyowa ndi feteleza wathunthu wamafuta (20-30 g pa chitsamba chilichonse).
- Poyembekezera yophukira, manyowa ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu (30 g wa osakaniza kapena 15 g wa feteleza aliyense pachomera), komanso onjezani feteleza wachilengedwe pansi pa tchire.
Nthawi zambiri achinyamata amakhala ndi masamba 20 mpaka 30 g wa urea, msanganizo wa superphosphate ndi potaziyamu kapena mawonekedwe osakanikirana azovala zingapo mobwerezabwereza pachaka ndi 40-50 g yama feteleza okwanira amamineridwe amodzi kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Zomera zam'madzi ozizira
Mabulosi ali olimba ndipo ali oyenera zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, zitsamba. Kuyambira chaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi cholima, mabulosi onse amasinthidwa kuti asafunike malo ogona kapena kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Koma kufunika koteteza mbewu zazing'ono mwachindunji zimatengera kuphatikizika ndi chiyambi chawo:
- Ngati munagula mabulosi obiriwira m'dera lanu, kuzolowera nyengo yanu, ndiye kuti kuwola kosavuta kapena kuphatikiza kwakukulu ndi masamba owuma nthawi yachisanu ndikokwanira kwa mbewu.
- Ngati tikulankhula zakumtundu, makamaka mitundu yamtengo wapatali kapena mitundu ya Thunberg barberry, ndiye koyambirira, komanso makamaka zaka zitatu, ndibwino kuphimba tchire:
- dzazani pansi ndi peat kapena dothi;
- kugona tulo ndi masamba owuma;
- chivundikiro kumtunda ndi nthambi za spruce kapena zida zopanda nsalu.
Barberry m'nyengo yozizira ndi zipatso panthambi.
Kutulutsa Tizilombo ndi Kuteteza mabulosi
Mabulosi sikuti ndi zitsamba zosawonongeka, ngakhale zimagulitsidwa ndikugulitsidwa pamenepa. Tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono timakonda kupezeka pa zokongoletsera zamtunduwu zamakono, ndipo sizingadzitame chifukwa chokana kutengera matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.
Mabulosi onse, kupatula barcin yomwe amakonda kwambiri ku Thunberg, amadwala dzimbiri pamavuto kapena mdera lazomera lomwe muli kachilombo. Ndikwabwino kuthana ndi vutoli ndi yankho la colloidal sulfure kapena Bordeaux fluid (ndende - imodzi yokha). Chithandizo cha kupewa chimachitika masamba ataphuka ndi zina katatu, komanso pakatchire patatha masiku 20 aliwonse.
Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa barberry ndi powdery mildew, masamba okhala ndi zokutira zolimba ayenera kuchotsedwa mu chomera ndikuwonongeka. Ngati vutoli likuyenda, yambatani ndikudula pang'ono. Matendawa amalimbana ndi yankho la theka la phula la salfa, msuzi wa sulufule kapena msuzi. Zokwanira zokwanira 3 - 4 ndikuthandizira pakatha masabata awiri (ngati mankhwalawa ndi prophylactic kapena oteteza, ndiye kuti yoyamba imachitika kumayambiriro kwa masamba).
Kuphatikiza pa dzimbiri ndi powdery mildew, barberry ndi bacteriosis, malo owuma, kuyanika, kupindika kumapezekanso. Kwa matenda aliwonse, kuwunika kwa magawo owonongeka ndi chithandizo ndi fungicides yantchito ndiye njira yabwino koposa.
Pakati pa tizirombo pa barberry, mtsogoleri wathunthu pakufalikira ndi barberry aphid - amatha kuzindikirika ndi kupukutidwa kwa masamba. Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ena alionse, komanso njira zosavuta - yankho la sopo wochapira (wokwanira 30 g pa madzi okwanira 30).
Komanso, zovuta kwa eni chitsamba ichi zimayambitsidwa ndi njenjete, zomwe sizimakhudzanso kukongola kwa tchire, koma zimadya zipatso zokoma komanso zokoma. Ngati mbozi ikuwoneka pa barberry, ndiye kuti tchire liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la chlorophos kapena decis (ndende - 0,1%).
