Kubzala thyme (thyme) ndi njira yosavuta yomwe ngakhale wolima wopanda nzeru amatha kugwira. Kuti mukule chomera chokongola komanso chopanda thanzi, muyenera kutsatira maupangiri ndi malamulo ena. Momwe mungabzitsire chithokomiro, komanso momwe zimachitidwira bwino, zimapezeka m'nkhani ili pansipa.
Zomera
Thyme adadziwika kale chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yake. Akuluakulu amakhulupirira kuti awa ndi mankhwala ochokera kwa Mulungu omwe sangangowongolera thanzi la anthu, komanso kuti akhale ndi moyo. Pakadali pano, masamba ndi maluwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga tiyi. Zakumwa za thyme sizonunkhira kwambiri, komanso zathanzi. Izi ndichifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotsata.
Mbewuyi ndi m'gulu la mbewu zotsika, zoyambira pansi. Kudziwa komwe mungabzalire chithokomiro choyera, komanso momwe mungachisamalire bwino, mutha kumeza udzu ndi fungo labwino kwambiri.
Kuti chithokomiro chizipatsa udzu wobiriwira momwe zingathere, nthawi zambiri chimayenera kudulidwa.
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu 400 ya mbewu. Onsewa ndi achikulire osatha. Kutalika kwenikweni kwa chitsamba kuli mkati mwa masentimita 35.
Mitundu yayikulu ya thyme:
- wamba;
- zokwawa;
- kununkhira;
- uchi uchi.
Zoyambira zamitundu yonse ndi zokuda, zofiirira. Amakutidwa ndi masamba ambiri, omwe mitundu yake imatha kukhala yosiyana. Kutengera mitundu, mbalezo zimatengera mawonekedwe ena. Maluwa ndi ochepa. Amapanga inflorescence yaying'ono, yomwe imatha kukhala ndi mthunzi wosiyana. Masamba oyamba amapezeka mu June. Maluwa amatenga mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
Kufotokozera kwa thyme
Zosiyanasiyana zimagawilidwa ku gawo lonse la dziko lathu. Kulima kwa thyme ndikosavuta, komwe kunapangitsa kuti kutchuke kwambiri.
Ichi ndi shrub yamuyaya yomwe ili ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira komanso zinthu zina zofunikira, monga ma tannins, phenol, mafuta acids. Chomera chimakhala ndi khungu lakuthwa konsekonse.
Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a lanceolate. Mbali zonse ziwiri zimakhala ndi tint yobiriwira yakuda. Masamba ndi ochepa. Akasungunuka, amapeza kamvekedwe kofiirira.
Fungo lonunkhira kwambiri silikhala masamba, koma maluwa.
Kukula thyme m'munda kuyenera kukhala pamalo abwino. Mtunduwu suyankha bwino mthunzi ndi mawonekedwe ake, ngati mukufuna kuwona chitsamba chokongola, muyenera kutsatira izi.
Kufotokozera kwa thyme wokwawa
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo, mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa udzu wa Bogorodskaya. Imakula ngati msuzi, ndipo zimayambira. Mfuti zilibe kanthu. Pamaso pawo, monga mitundu ina, mulibe masamba. Nthambi zachindunji zimakulika kuchokera kumodzi aliyense waiwo, kutalika kwake sikupitirira masentimita 15.
Musanadzalemo chinyama chokwawa, muyenera kukonza nthaka. Ziyenera kukhala zopepuka komanso zopatsa thanzi.
Masamba ocheperako. Amatha kukhala ozungulira kapena ozungulira. Amaluwa mumaluwa wofiirira. M'malo mwa masamba, zipatso zimapangidwa ngati mbewu zinayi. Kutolera kwa mbewu kumachitika mu Seputembara, ndipo masamba obiriwira - mu Ogasiti. Monga zokometsera, nsonga za mphukira zokha ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Duleni ndi mpeni kapena chikwakwa chakuthwa. Kuti zida zogwiririra ntchito zisatayike, ziyenera kuwuma pamtunda pakutentha kwa 350 C.
Mwachilengedwe, thyme wokwawa amakula pamalo otsetsereka, mapiri, pafupi ndi misewu. Nthawi zambiri imawonedwa m'malo owuma a paini komanso pakati pa zitsamba.
Kuti mukule chonde chambiri chambiri pamalowo, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yobzala. Kupatula apo, osati maonekedwe a chitsamba, komanso kuchuluka kwake kwa maluwa kutengera izi.
Kufotokozera kwa chithokomiro cha ndimu
Ichi ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Mafuta onunkhira a mandimu sakonda kutentha kwa mpweya wochepa, chifukwa chake amafunika pogona chisanachitike nyengo yozizira.
Zomera zimamera ngati chitsamba chokongola. Kutalika kwa mphukira sikupitirira masentimita 30. Masamba amakhala ozunguliridwa komanso ochepa, owala. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitunduyo ndi kununkhira kwa ndimu, komwe kumawoneka nthawi ya maluwa ndi pomwe masamba a masamba amasweka.
Omwe alimi ambiri amaligwiritsa ntchito kuti apange mawonekedwe achilendo. Ndizotheka kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna patsamba lanu chifukwa chakuti tchire limakhala ndi nthambi zambiri ndipo limayenera kudulidwa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mupange ziwonetsero zokongola za moyo zomwe sizingafanane ndi zifanizo za ceramic ndi zinthu zina zokumba.
Ndiosavuta komanso yosavuta kusamalira ndikufalitsa thyme. Kuti mukule chomera chaching'ono, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yodula, nthanga kapena magawo atatu a tchire limodzi ndi mizu. Grass imatengedwa mwachangu kwambiri. Masabata ochepa chabe ndipo zidzakhala zofunikira kuwona kukula kwachangu kwa mphukira zatsopano.
Kufotokozera uchi wa masamba azitsamba
Thyme yamtunduwu ikufunikira mwapadera pakati wamaluwa ndi Amateurs. Thyme masamba okwawa masamba. Amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 25 kutalika. Zomera zimasiyana masamba ake, pomwe, ndiwobiriwira wakuda, pomwe inayo, imvi. Mbale zake ndi zazing'ono, zozungulira mawonekedwe.
Ndikakulitsa uchi wa thyme moyenerera, mutha kuwona maluwa patadutsa miyezi ingapo mutabzala. Mu mawonekedwe osungunuka, masamba ali ndi kuwala kwapinki. Maluwa amatengedwa mosakhazikika pamaluwa, omwe amakhala m'munsi mwa tsinde.
Uwu ndiye mtundu wopindulitsa kwambiri. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mutha kutola pafupifupi 50 magalamu a zokometsera. Masamba ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri komanso wowala. Mitundu ya thymeyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuphika zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, mphukira zobiriwira zimayikidwa mumtsuko kuti zisungidwe.
Kubzala mbewu panthaka
Thyme sakonda madera amdima ndipo izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa mukabzala. Mtengowo uzikulitsidwa pokhapokha pamalo owala, pomwe mulibe mitengo ndi nyumba. Ndi kuyika koyenera, mutha kupanga malowa kukhala osangalatsa komanso amakono.
Dothi lodzala chithokomiro liyenera kukhala ndi acidity yochepa. Kulephera kutsatira lamuloli kukhoza kuvulaza mbewuyo.
Magawo obzala mbewu:
- Musanadzalemo chithokomiro, muyenera kukonza nthaka. Ndikwabwino kubzala tirigu panthaka yotayirira. Nthaka iyenera kudutsa mpweya wabwino osasungapo chinyezi. Asanabzala, nthaka iyenera kukumbidwa mosamala. Chithandizo choyamba chiyenera kuchitika mu Seputembala kapena Okutobala, ndipo chachiwiri - kutatsala pang'ono kufesa. Chotsani udzu ndi mizu yonse yotsala pansi. Nthaka yotseguka imafunika kumeza manyowa. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera humus kapena kompositi. Komanso musaiwale za kukonzekera kochokera phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Chithandizo chisanachitike kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, urea uyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Voliyumu yoyenera ikhale magalamu 20 pa lita imodzi ya madzi oyera. Konzanso dothi losiyidwa ndikulola kuti liyime tsiku limodzi. Pambuyo pa maola 24, mutha kuyamba kubzala mbewu.
- Kufesa tirigu panja ndikofunikira pakatha kutentha. Ngati nyengo ikusonyeza chisanu, kufesa kuyenera kuyimitsidwa kwa masiku angapo. Pa dothi lokonzekera, muyenera kuchita mizere yaying'ono. Akhale patali pafupifupi masentimita 35 kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Ndikofunikira kutsatira chiwerengerochi, chifukwa tchire akuluakulu amatha kukula.
- Ikani mbewu mumabowo okonzedwa, ndikuwaza ndi mchenga wam'mwamba pamwamba. Ili ndi mchere wambiri womwe umafunika pachomera. Kuti mumere mbewu mwachangu, kuphimba bedi ndi polyethylene.
Ngati mbewu za thyme zibzalidwe moyenera ndipo chisamaliro chimatengedwa, ndiye kuti mbande zoyambirira zitha kuwonedwa mu masabata awiri. Mbeu zake zomwe zidaphukira pang'ono, zidzafunika kuti zidulidwe, kusiya zabwino kwambiri, zazikulu komanso zamphamvu. Komanso, mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kusamutsidwira kumalo ena kuti zimere bwino.
Thyme kubzala mbande
Kuti chomera chikule pachaka chimodzi, mbewu zimafunika kufesedwa mu February. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugula gawo lapansi la cacti. Iyi ndiye njira yabwino pamtunduwu wa mbewu. Muthagula malo pamalo ogulitsa maluwa alionse.
Njira yodzala ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mbewu za thyme zimakhala zolimba, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono ndizochepa kwambiri.
Kuti mubzale thyme pa mbande, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe chomwe kuya kwake kungakhale mkati mwa masentimita 8. Pansi pa thanki muyenera kuyika gawo labwino lokwanira. Kuti mupeze izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dongo lokulitsidwa, njerwa yofiyira kapena slate. Kutalika kwake kumayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1 centimeter, ndipo kutalika - 3 sentimita.
Ikani dothi pamwamba pa ngalande ndikuwakanikiza bwino. Kenako ikani dothi ndi madzi oyera. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti. Ikani mbewuzo pamwamba ndikuziphimba ndi mchenga. 
Valani chidebe ndi polyethylene kapena galasi kuti apange mini-greenhouse. Popewa mabakiteriya owopsa ndi nkhungu kuti isamere pamtunda, dongosololi liyenera kutsegulidwa tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 15. Mbande zoyambirira zimawonedwa mu sabata lachiwiri kapena lachitatu mutabzala.
Kukula mbande za thyme kumathandiza osati kuthirira koyenera, komanso kuunikira. Malo abwinoko ophukira akhoza kukhala ozizira koma owala bwino. Kuti mbande sizilandira "zodetsa", sizoyenera kuchotsa filimuyo kwambiri. Zomera zimayenera kulimbitsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, tsiku lililonse muyenera kutsegula thyme. Nthawi yoyamba iyenera kukhala mu mpweya wabwino kwa osaposa maola awiri. Ndiye tsiku lililonse muyenera kuwonjezera nthawi. Pambuyo kuwonekera masamba awiri athunthu, mutha kusankha. Kukhazikika pamalo otseguka kumachitika pambuyo pa miyezi 2-2.5.
Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba ndi kudula
Njira zamasamba ndizodziwika kwambiri. Kuti mukule chomera chathanzi komanso chathanzi, muyenera kugawa tchire osatinso zaka zitatu zilizonse. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchotsa zachikhalidwe mu dothi ndikulekanitsa mizu m'magawo ofanana ndikugawana mphukira zazing'ono. Kuyika ndikofunika kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo. Kuti tchire likhazikike mwachangu kupita kumalo atsopano, adzafunika kuphimbidwa ndi mtsuko kapena chidebe china chowonekera pamwamba.
Njira "yodulidwa" imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zazing'ono. Mphukira iyenera kupatulidwa mu April. Kuti mupeze mizu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chotengera ndi mchenga. Phimbani bokosi ndi zojambulazo ndikuyika malo otentha. Idzatenga masiku 20 kuti zodula zizike mizu. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa Thyme pamalo otseguka kumachitika mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mizu.
Chisamaliro cha Thyme M'munda
Ngakhale chomera ichi ndichopanda chisamaliro, chikuyenera kutsatira malamulo ena. Chofunikira kwambiri pakulima chithokomiro m'mundamo ndicho kupalira pafupipafupi. Kukhalapo kwa namsongole kungasokoneze kukula kwa chitsamba. Chifukwa chake, kuti mbewu ikhale bwino, ndikofunikira kulima dothi mozungulira komanso pafupipafupi kamodzi pa sabata. Mutha kuyikanso mulch. Chifukwa chake, mulingo wofunikira chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa pamtunda wapamwamba umaperekedwanso.
Kusamalidwa koyenera kwa thyme mu kasupe kumakhala ndi kuthirira koyenera. Kutsirira ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati nthaka youma kwambiri.
Kulowetsa. Chofunikira pakukula kwa chithokomiro poyera sichingobzala ndi chisamaliro, komanso kuthirira. Popeza mbewuyo imapirira chilala, dothi lomwe limadzala ndi madzi limafa. Chinyezi chosasunthika chimatha kubweretsa kuwola kwa mizu ndikukula kwa mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana. Muyenera kuthirira udzu kokha ndi madzi otetezedwa bwino. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mvula.
Kuthirira mbewuyo zikhale kwadzidzidzi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pakakhala chilala chachikulu komanso mapangidwe a masamba asanachitike.
Feteleza. Ngati kubzala chomera kumachitika moyenera ndikuthira dothi ndi humus, ndiye kuti chaka choyamba cha moyo wa chitsamba, simungaganizire kudyetsa. Pangani zokonzekera kukhala mu nthawi ya masika kapena mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe. Ndondomeko iyi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza aliyense wamafuta mumadzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kusakanikirana kwa granular sikulimbikitsidwa. 
Kudulira. Kupanga tchire lokongola, mphukira zimayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi zichitike kawiri kapena katatu pachaka. Njira yoyamba imachitika pambuyo yozizira. Asanadulire thyme kumapeto, muyenera kuyang'ana chitsamba bwino. Mphukira zazing'ono zokha ndizofunika kudula. Njira zotsatirazi zimachitika mukangomaliza maluwa. Pankhaniyi, mphukira ku gawo lignified amachotsedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, chitsamba chizikhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola, komanso chizikhala chovuta komanso chokhazikika.
Kuwongolera kwa tizilombo
Ngakhale kuti chithokomiro chimakhudzidwa pang'ono ndi matenda, komabe pali matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo tomwe titha kuvulaza mbewu.
Mavuto akuluakulu omwe thyme amakumana nawo ndi awa:
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- lichesi yamchenga
- njenjete.
Nthawi zambiri maonekedwe a tizilombo timabweretsa chisamaliro chomera. Kukhalapo kwa namsongole ndi kuthirira mwadzidzidzi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Popewa kukula kwa njenjete, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti namsongole samawonekera kuthengo. Koma ngati masamba ndi zimayambira ataphimbidwa ndi tizirombo, ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale kuchitira mbewu ndi Decis.
Tsamba lonyansa, limakhudza gawo la chitsamba. Kuti muwononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo yomwe imachiritsidwa kale ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuchokera pa nsabwe za m'masamba, mankhwala otchedwa Antitlin kapena Biotlin amawona ngati njira yabwino.
Kuphatikiza pa tizilombo touluka pamwambapa, nthenga zina nthawi zina zimavulaza mbewu. Amangodya masamba ndi maluwa okha. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amenewa timayambitsa mphutsi m'thupi lanu. Ndiosavuta kuwona nsapato. Kuti muchite izi, zidzakhala zokwanira kuganizira chitsamba bwino.
Kuphatikiza pa tizilombo tomwe timamera, zovuta zina zimatha kuonedwa. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chinyezi chambiri. Choyamba, mizu imavutika ndi izi. Amayamba kuvunda, ndipo ngati palibe chitachitika, udzuwo umafota ndi kutaya masamba ake.
Thyme ndi chikhalidwe chapadera chomwe chikuyamba kutchuka pakati pa okhala chilimwe ndi akatswiri chaka chilichonse. Kuti mukule thyme patsamba lanu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo akubzala ndi chisamaliro. Kuthirira panthawi yake komanso kusankha malo ndi njira yabwino ku chitsamba chabwino komanso chokongola kwambiri.
