Namasamba: sungathe kungoisiya wekha?

Namsongole ndiye vuto lamuyaya la mlimi aliyense. Ndipo ngakhale zonse zachilengedwe ndizomveka komanso zomveka, sitingathe kuyanjananso ndi kupezeka kwathu patsamba lathu - zimalepheretsa mbewu zachikhalidwe kuti zikhale ndi moyo. Chifukwa chake, timagwiritsa ntchito mkango pantchito ndi nthawi mdzikoli kuti tichotse udzu. Mwina iyi ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri komanso yosasangalatsa yomwe iyenera kuchitidwa pa kama kapena m'munda. Koma kodi ndizofunikiradi? Nkhaniyi ifotokoza njira zachikhalidwe komanso zopewera udzu. Njira yabwino ndi iti? Ndipo kodi ndizofunikiradi kuti tikwaniritse kukhala aukhondo m'deralo?

Zamkatimu

• About namsongole ndi namsongole
• Njira zodziletsa namsongole
• Njira Zowongolera Udzu
• Menyani kapena muthane?

About namsongole ndi namsongole

Ndikosavuta kupereka tanthauzo lenileni la namsongole. Tidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti titchule mbewu zonse zomwe zidakula kale. Ndipo ngakhale manyowa obiriwira a chaka chatha, akukulira mosamala pabedi pafupi ndi parsley wobzala kapena saladi, chaka chino timazindikira ngati udzu. Ma raspberries, omwe amakwera komwe safunsa, nawonso namsongole? Chimawoneka ngati chomera cholimidwa, koma chodzikuza kwambiri kuti m'malo olakwika kuti mutulutsemo ndizovuta kuposa udzu wa tirigu. Zachikhalidwe zomwe zimamera pamalopo popanda mdalitsidwe wathu, ndizachikhalidwe kutcha namsongole.

Koma kodi namsongole wodalirika ndi uti? Monga lamulo, gulu ili la zomera limaphatikizapo mitundu yamera zakutchire zomwe zimadziwika ndi mphamvu zawo zapadera komanso mwamphamvu pakukonzekera madera atsopano. Mphamvu zawo zimaperekedwa ndi zinthu izi:

• Namsongole ndi nsanje yachonde - amapanga mbewu zambiri;
• Mbewu zake ndizokhathamira - zimakhalabe ndi moyo, ndikukhalabe pansi zaka zingapo;
• Kufalikira za njira zonse, kuphatikizira zamasamba.

Tsoka ilo, mbewu zobzalidwa zilibe ngakhale gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a kukula kwa namsongole. Kuzisiya kuti zikule limodzi ndi onse kumatanthauza kudalira chifundo cha namsongole, chomwe, sichingatisiye ziweto zathu mwanjira iliyonse. Chifukwa chake, "nkhondo yopatulika" ya wamaluwa omwe ali ndi namsongole alibe malekezero, popanda malire. Ndipo kupambana kwa wamaluwa mmenemo nthawi zonse.

Njira zachilengedwe zopewera udzu

"Nkhondo Yoyera" - izi zikuchokera m'mbiri ya otsatira njira zamakono zaukadaulo polimbana ndi namsongole. Njira izi sizinasinthidwe kwazaka zambiri ndipo zimawonjezera zotsatirazi:

• Kukumba;
• Kupalira;
• Ndikudula pansi gawo la namsongole, lomwe limabweretsa zoletsa kukula kwa mizu;
• Mankhwala azitsamba.

Kukumba - osakumba

Pali mikangano yolimbana pakati pa ochirikiza chilengedwe ndi ntchito zamalimi achikhalidwe pazabwino ndi zovulaza zokumbanso munda nthawi zonse. Oyamba kunena kuti, choyambirira, ndizolimba kwambiri, ndipo chachiwiri, chimaphwanya dothi, chomwe chimatha kubwezeretsedwanso pokhapokha kuphatikiza manyowa ndi kumasula, komwe, chimachitidwa ndi nzika zamalimwe ndikulima mundawo mu kasupe.

Ma fani olima organic amapereka njira zawo zothandizira kuchepetsa udzu, kuti athetse ntchito yolemetsa ya fosholo, tidzakambirana za nthawi ina. Koma njira zonsezi sizothandiza pamtundu wa anamwali, pomwe pachaka palibe chomwe chakhala chikukula, kupatula tirigu, zotayidwa ndi maula. Dongosolo labwino kwambiri lapadziko lapansi, lokhala ndi mizu ya udzu lokha, silidzadula ndege iliyonse. Njira yabwinoko ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukumba mafoloko. Izi zimachepetsa kukhazikika kwa mpweya m'magawo ambiri, chifukwa chomwe namsongole amafalikira mofulumira.

Njira ina yamakono yochotsera namsongole ndi ntchito ya thirakitala, wowongolera kumbuyo kwa thirakitara kapena wolima. Njira ngati iyi imachepetsa mtengo wa olima (simuyenera kusefera!), Koma imasokoneza njira yotola mizu yambiri maudzu kangapo.

Mizu yonse, mulimonsemo, simusankha, ndiye kuti nyengo yachilimwe yopanga ndi udzu imapatsidwa kwa inu. Ndipo kwa ambiri okhala m'chilimwe cha post-Soviet space palibe chilichonse chapadera pa izi. Iwo omwe sangathe kapena sakufuna kukhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi osapumulira, kuchotsa udzu, kutembenukira ku njira ina yachikhalidwe yachikhalidwe - kugwiritsa ntchito herbicides.

Herbicides ku herbicides - kusamvana!

Zowoneka zamakono ndizoti timagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ola limodzi, ngati silikhala mphindi iliyonse, osaganiziranso. Koma zikafika pa herbicides, ambiri mwa omwe amakonda njira zachilengedwe, ngati anthu omwe samakula chilichonse koma kungodya, anganene kuti "ndizowopsa ngati zoyipa".

Koma ngati mungayang'ane, ndiye kuti "choopsa" ichi sichowopsa, ndipo anthu omwe amati izi sangakumbukire dzina lililonse lazitsamba zamakono. "Akatswiri azachilengedwe" komanso anthu omwe amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba “zoyera” safuna kudziwa kuti herbicide zamakono sizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zaka 20-30 zapitazo. Mankhwala ambiri akale sanalephereke, ndipo mankhwala opha zitsamba apamwamba kwambiri m'manja komanso mwaluso sawononga chilengedwe kapena mtundu wa zinthu zomwe wakula. Kunena zowona, zotchingira zilizonse zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse zimavulaza chilengedwe.

Mungano, zitsamba zamakono zonse zimagawika m'magulu awiri: zomwe zimayikidwa m'nthaka, ndikuzindikira mizu ya mbewu, kupondereza kukula kwa namsongole, ndikuziwononga pang'onopang'ono, ndi zomwe zimafesedwa mwachindunji pa udzu wobiriwira wamasamba ndikufalikira kumizu.

Zakalezo zimakhala zankhanza kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale opanga okha nthawi zambiri sawalimbikitsa. Choyambirira, zimakonda kulimbira padziko lapansi kwa miyezi ingapo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zitha kuthandizanso mbewu zomwe zalimidwa pamenepo. Kachiwiri, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chaka ndi chaka, ndiye kuti dziko lapansi, pamapeto pake, lidzaleka 'kuwumba' ndikusakhala kosakwanira kwa mbewu zambiri zobzalidwa.

Gulu lachiwiri la herbicides lomwe limadutsa masamba pazomera zamasamba ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Kamodzi m'chilengedwe, ma herbicides amawonongeka mu masiku angapo, osakhudza kwambiri nthaka kapena nthaka yobzalidwa yomwe imamera pafupi ndi namsongole.

Inde, kuti mugwiritse ntchito herbicides, monga chemistry yina iliyonse, muyenera kusamala, kutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro a opanga okhudza mlingo. Ngati mungathe popanda iwo, chitani izi, koma nthawi zina sizingatheke, mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kukonza dimba losiyidwa lalikulu masikweya mita imodzi kukula.

Njira Zowongolera Udzu

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa namsongole ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothana ndi udzu ndikuti njira zofunikira kwambiri pochotsa udzu ndizopewera kutuluka, ndiye kuti, kupewa namsongole, osangochotsa mwachangu, monga momwe zimakhalira pakulima kwachikhalidwe.

Kodi "kumenya" namsongole pakukula?

Zinthu zonse zachilengedwe komanso zopangidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulch.

Mulch

Zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulch: udzu wosenda, kuphatikizapo udzu, utuchi, makungwa a mitengo, singano, ndi zina zambiri. Zida zothandiza ndizoyenera: ruberoid, slate, polyethylene, etc. (koma pano funso linadzutsanso "chilengedwe"). Popeza taphimba mulch ndi dothi lina, pofika kumapeto kwa nyengo ndizoyenera kuchotsa namsongole wa pachaka amene alipo. Udzu wa tirigu ndi zina zokhala ndi mphukira zina sizilandira nthawi yomweyo. Koma atatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito, zimakoka pansi ndi dzanja.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mulch kumatha kutchedwa njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yotetezeka. Ngati sichoncho ndi ma bugi angapo. Choyamba, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mulch kupha namsongole, ndikofunikira kuti mainchesi ake akhale 10 cm. Kodi mukuganiza kuti mungatulutse masamba angati kuti mubweretse tsambalo kuti mulch madera mazana awiri a nthaka? Ndipo ngati tikulankhula za mahekitala?

Kachiwiri, tizirombo sanyansidwa pansi pa mulch, yemwe kale sankagwiritsa ntchito sanakuvutitseni - ma slgs, mbewa, nkhono ... Ndipo kuwachotsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachilengedwe (popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala) nkovuta kwambiri kuposa namsongole.

Njira yogonjera

"Owona zachilengedwe" amakamba kuti namsongole amatha kuwoneka pokhapokha "pomwe" akuyenda. Ndipo ndizowona - nthaka yopanda kanthu, udzu wocheperako. Osafuna kumenya nkhondo nthawi zonse, osasiya malo opanda kanthu! Mwapang'onopang'ono vutoli limathetsedwa ndi mulch kapena kufesa siderates mumizere-spacings, komanso - mbewu zatsopano (bedi limamasulidwa pansi pa anyezi - panali zofesedwa siderata kapena masamba okula msanga). Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika ma compact kungathandize. Ngati mungayankhe bwino nkhaniyi, namsongole simudzakula.

Solarization

Njira yomwe namsongole amafera pansi pa kanema motsogozedwa ndi dzuwa. Imachitika pamaso pa kumera kwa mbewu zokulidwa.

Ndikutchetcha

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse paukadaulo wachikhalidwe, komanso organic. Komabe, choyambirira, si maudzu onse omwe angamwetsedwe, koma kumadera omwe mbewu zokhazokha sizingatheke, ndiye kuti sizinakhazikike. Vuto lina ndilakuti namsongole atadula ziwalo zakuthambo amafalitsa mwamphamvu kwambiri ndi nthangalazi, mwachitsanzo, zinziri zaku Siberia.

Chachitatu, njirayi imagwiradi ntchito, koma pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Ngati mkati mwa nyengo zosachepera kanayi mpaka kasanu namsongole ndikudulidwa m'malo ena (anapiye, udzu wa tirigu, matope, nettle, ndi zina zotere), kuletsa izi kupanga mbewu, ndiye kuti, tsambalo limasandulika kukhala losasangalatsa udzu. Pokhapokha, mwatsoka, izi sizingachitike posachedwa, kapena m'malo mwake, zaka zitatu kapena zinayi. Zaka zitatu mpaka zinayi za kutchetcha mwachizolowezi - ndipo udzu wanu wa "organic" wokonzeka! Kodi mwakonzeka kudikira kwambiri? Ndipo, mwina, mungagwiritse ntchito herbicides kamodzi?

Kupewera "nkhondo"

Pa zokongoletsedwa bwino, zogwiritsidwa ntchito zaka zambiri pansi pa mabedi, maluwa ndi mbewu zam'munda, mbewu za namsongole woyipa zimayambitsidwa ndi eni. Izi zimachitika udzu wobowola ndi njere atayikamo kompositi ndipo saloledwa kuti akhwime kwathunthu. Zimathandizira pakuwononga dothi ndi namsongole ndikugwiritsa ntchito manyowa atsopano, omwe ali ndi mbeu zamphepo.

Njira yotsatirira nkhondoyi imaphatikizapo kubzala m'miyala yazomera zobzalidwa kapena manyowa obiriwira, omwe sangatulutse udzu.

Menyani kapena muthane?

Kuchokera pazomwe tafotokozazi, titha kunena kuti palibe panacea yakuwongolera udzu. Njira iliyonse yaulimi wachikhalidwe komanso yophuka imayenera kuyang'aniridwa, komanso ili ndi zofooka zake. Wogwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru amayenera kulingalira pawokha, kutengera zinthu zomwe ali zenizeni komanso zomwe angathe kuthana nazo.

Chinthu chimodzi ndichotsimikizika: Udzu suyenera kukhala mathero pawokha. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro ambiri amakono akutsimikizira kuti mbewu zobzalidwa zimakula bwino m'malo okhala ndi udzu wocheperako kusiyana ndi mabedi oyera oyera.

Udzu umateteza chiweto chathu ku dzuwa lotentha ndikupanga zojambula ndipo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati siderates. Chachikulu ndichakuti musalole izi kutulutsa maluwa, kutanthauza kuti, kuti muzimeta kapena kuwatulutsa munthawi yake. Udzu wobiriwira umatha kukhala ngati mulch yabwino (kupewa zongomera zongogawanitsa - patsekera, pophukira buttercup, masamba a cactus, ndi zina). Komabe, maudzu awa amathanso kukhala opindulitsa. Kutengera pa iwo, feteleza wobiriwira wamadzimadzi wakonzedwa, zomwe zithandizira kukulitsa mbewu zomwe zakulitsa.

Mwambiri, mwachilengedwe palibe chilichonse chowoneka bwino komanso chopanda ntchito. Ndipo izi zimakhudzanso namsongole. Tengani nettle. Udzu? Kwambiri komwe kulibe. Koma ndizofunika bwanji! Ichi ndi chuma chenicheni cha zinthu zofunikira kutsata! Nettle sizingopindulitsa mbewu zanu zokha m'munda ndi m'mundamo, komanso inunso, motero zilekeni zikhale pabwino pabalapo panu. Komanso, ndi chaka chanji mwakhala mukuyesa kumuchotsera komweko ...